多西紫杉醇修饰的人工晶体与眼组织相容性分析

目的：探讨经多西紫杉醇修饰的人工晶体对眼组织相容性的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法将32 只日本大耳兔分为两组： 实验组通过手术植入表面经多西紫杉醇修饰处理后的疏水性人工晶体，对照组植入疏水性人工晶体。比较两组人工晶体亲水角、 术后24 小时光耀斑块计数以及人工晶体周围组织炎症浸润数。结果：实验组的亲水角小于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 实验组光耀斑块计数低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组家兔人工晶体周围组织炎症浸润计数低于对照组，差异有 统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：人工晶体表面经多西紫杉醇修饰后，其亲水性、与眼组织的组织相容性增加，且可缓解光耀斑炎症感 染和降低并发症的发生，有重要的临床参考价值。     

~(131)I-Herceptin对HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞Bcl-xL表达的影响

目的:探讨131I-Herceptin对HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞Bcl-x L表达的影响。方法:采用Iodogen法制备131I-Herceptin,超滤法纯化后测定其标记率、放射化学纯度和免疫结合率。通过免疫荧光法检测乳腺癌细胞表面HER2表达水平。131I(4.625 MBq/m L)、Herceptin(125μg/m L)及131I-Herceptin(4.625 MBq/m L)干预乳腺癌BT474细胞后,Western blot检测细胞中Bcl-x L的表达。结果:131I-Herceptin的标记率、放射化学纯度和免疫结合率分别为(89.71±2.93)%、(91.80±1.43)%和(58.84±3.35)%。BT474细胞膜表面HER2表达水平明显高于MDA-MB-231细胞。Herceptin、131I-Herceptin组BT474细胞内Bcl-x L表达水平明显低于对照组及131I组(均P0.01),而Herceptin与131I-Herceptin组之间细胞内Bcl-x L含量差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:131I-Herceptin保留Herceptin对HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞Bcl-x L表达的抑制作用并促进细胞凋亡,进而与131I产生协同作用,较Herceptin更有效地杀伤HER2过表达乳腺癌细胞。     

Splenic gene expression profiling in White Leghorn layer inoculated with the Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is a foodborne pathogen that can threaten human health through contaminated poultry products. Live poultry, chicken eggs and meat are primary sources of human salmonellosis. To understand the genetic resistance of egg‐type chickens in response to SE inoculation, global gene expression in the spleen of 20‐week‐old White Leghorn was measured using the Agilent 4 × 44 K chicken microarray at 7 and 14 days following SE inoculation (dpi). Results showed that there were 1363 genes significantly differentially expressed between inoculated and non‐inoculated groups at 7 dpi (I7/N7), of which 682 were up‐regulated and 681 were down‐regulated genes. By contrast, 688 differentially expressed genes were observed at 14 dpi (I14/N14), of which 371 were up‐regulated genes and 317 were down‐regulated genes. There were 33 and 28 immune‐related genes significantly differentially expressed in the comparisons of I7/N7 and I14/N14 respectively. Functional annotation revealed that several Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to immunity were significantly enriched between the inoculated and non‐inoculated groups at 14 dpi but not at 7 dpi, despite a similar number of immune‐related genes identified between I7/N7 and I14/N14. The immune response to SE inoculation changes with different time points following SE inoculation. The complicated interaction between the immune system and metabolism contributes to the immune responses to SE inoculation of egg‐type chickens at 14 dpi at the onset of lay. GC, TNFSF8, CD86, CD274, BLB1 and BLB2 play important roles in response to SE inoculation. The results from this study will deepen the current understanding of the genetic response of the egg‐type chicken to SE inoculation at the onset of egg laying.     

Isolation,Culture and Long-Term Maintenance of Primary Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons From Embryonic Rodent Brains

Degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic (mesDA) neurons is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s diseae. Study of the biological processes involved in physiological functions and vulnerability and death of these neurons is imparative to understanding the underlying causes and unraveling the cure for this common neurodegenerative disorder. Primary cultures of mesDA neurons provide a tool for investigation of the molecular, biochemical and electrophysiological properties, in order to understand the development, long-term survival and degeneration of these neurons during the course of disease. Here we present a detailed method for the isolation, culturing and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic neurons from E12.5 mouse (or E14.5 rat) embryos. Optimized cell culture conditions in this protocol result in presence of axonal and dendritic projections, synaptic connections and other neuronal morphological properties, which make the cultures suitable for study of the physiological, cell biological and molecular characteristics of this neuronal population.     

Stimulation of HeLa cell growth by physiological concentrations of 4-hydroxynonenal

The aim of this study was to analyze the growth response of HeLa cells over a prolonged period of time to a single exposure of physiological and supraphysiological concentrations of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), a peroxidation product of omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the growth modulating effect of serum factors, particularly albumin, on the growth pattern was examined. The effects of HNE on the growth rate and viability of the cells, as well as on the incorporation of labelled amino acids were monitored daily over a period of four days. Fetal calf serum not only had a growth stimualting effect but also modulated the action of HNE. In neither respect was albumin able to substitute for serum indicating that the influence of serum was not exerted via an albumin–HNE conjugate. HNE had a clear dose-dependent effect and a distinction could be made between a supraphysiological concentration (100 μM), which was primarily cytotoxic and a physiological range (below 10 μM) which showed growth modulatory effects. These effects consisted of a transient inhibition in the initial phase of the cell growth, which under optimal conditions (in presence of serum) was followed by a period of increased proliferation, compared to untreated control cultures, until confluence was attained. It is suggested that HNE is not only a toxic product of lipid peroxidation, but a physiological growth regulating factor as well.     

Sodium Fluoride Mimics the Effect of Prostaglandin E2 on Catecholamine Release from Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Cells

We have reported recently that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulated phosphoinositide metabolism in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells and that PGE2 and ouabain, an inhibitor of Na+, K(+)-ATPase, synergistically induced a gradual secretion of catecholamines from the cells. Here we examined the involvement of a GTP-binding protein(s) in PGE receptor-induced responses by using NaF. In the presence of Ca2+ in the medium, NaF stimulated the formation of all three inositol phosphates, i.e., inositol monophosphate, bisphosphate, and trisphosphate, linearly over 30 min in a dose-dependent manner (15-30 mM). This effect on phosphoinositide metabolism was accompanied by an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+. NaF also induced catecholamine release from chromaffin cells, and the dependency of stimulation of the release on NaF concentration was well correlated with those of NaF-enhanced inositol phosphate formation and increase in cytosolic free Ca2+. Although the effect of NaF on PGE2-induced catecholamine release in the presence of ouabain was additive at concentrations below 20 mM, there was no additive effect at 25 mM NaF. Furthermore, the time course of catecholamine release stimulated by 20 mM NaF in the presence of ouabain was quite similar to that by 1 microM PGE2, and both stimulations were markedly inhibited by amiloride, with half-maximal inhibition at 10 microM. Pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin did not prevent, but rather enhanced, PGE2-induced catecholamine release over the range of concentrations examined. These results demonstrate that NaF mimics the effect of PGE2 on catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and suggest that PGE2-evoked catecholamine release may be mediated by the stimulation of phosphoinositide metabolism through a putative GTP-binding protein insensitive to pertussis toxin.     

Malaria-induced reduction of fecundity during the first gonotrophic cycle of Anopheles Stephensi mosquitoes

Abstract. Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes which had fed upon mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis malaria parasites produced significantly fewer eggs than mosquitoes fed on an uninfected mouse. Fecundity reduction was more pronounced when the bloodmeal contained malaria gametocytes and the mosquitoes developed oocysts. Egg production and haematin excretion were correlated for uninfected bloodfed mosquitoes; the presence of P.y. nigeriensis in the blood affected this relationship. Reduced fecundity was associated with a significant reduction of bloodmeal size (measured by haematin excretion) in mosquitoes which ingested gametocytaemic blood. The bloodmeal size in mosquitoes fed on parasitaemic blood without gametocytes was not significantly reduced. The use of haematin assays for determination of bloodmeal size in mosquitoes is discussed.