全缘叶绿绒蒿挥发性组分定量结构-色谱保留关系研究

提出顶点及顶点相互作用矢量的概念,并将该矢量用于复杂样本的分子结构表征。采用逐步回归结合统计检测对变量进行筛选后,再用多元线性回归建立了定量结构-色谱保留(QSRR)关系的7变量模型,模型的建模计算值复相关系数(R)为0.990,标准偏差(SD)为1.325;留一法(LOO)交互检验复相关系数(RCV)为0.983,标准偏差(SDCV)为1.696。结果表明该矢量具有较强的分子结构表达能力,模型具有良好的估计能力与稳定性。     

沱江流域两种人工针叶林群落结构比较

采用样方调查法比较了沱江流域两种人工针叶林群落的结构.结果表明,湿地松林中湿地松幼苗幼树很少;马尾松林中有较多的马尾松幼苗幼树.马尾松种群多度比湿地松种群大38%,而湿地松种群的平均高度、平均冠幅比马尾松种群分别大32.7%和22.2%.从高度结构及径级结构来看,马尾松种群在各个级别上都有分布;而在湿地松种群中,没有Ⅰ...     

高氟对3月龄公鸡生殖细胞的损伤作用

为了探讨高氟对鸡生殖细胞损伤作用,选用3月龄蛋公鸡10只,实验组和对照组各一组,每组5只,实验组在饮水中添加3.25 g/L的氟化钠,对照组饮用自来水,实验周期为120 d。分别于60 d、80 d、100d、120 d采集精液,检测精子密度、早期精细胞微核率、精子畸形率及精子活率。120 d后,处死动物,取两侧睾丸,称重并测量大小。结果表明,氟化钠可致精子数量减少,活率降低,精子畸形率和微核率上升,并呈明显的时间-效应关系。比较两组睾丸重量和大小,差异极显著(P<0.01)。说明高氟对鸡生殖细胞有遗传损伤作用,高氟可能是致突变物。     

Identification and characterization of antifungal active substances of Streptomyces hygroscopicus BS-112

An antifungal Actinomyces BS-112 strain, with Aspergillus flavus as the target pathogen, was isolated from soil in the forest land of Mountain Tai. This strain showed a strong antagonistic activity against various mold fungi in food and feed. Strain BS-112 was identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus based on its morphologic, cultural, physiological, biochemical characteristics, cell wall components and 16S rDNA sequence. Four active components were separated and purified from strain BS-112. These four antifungal components were identified as tetrins A and B and tetramycins A and B using spectroscopic analysis including mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Tetrins A and B and tetramycins A and B strongly inhibited the growth of A. flavus, A. alutaceus, A. niger, and A. fumigatus in vitro.     

坡向对暗紫贝母生长和繁殖特征的影响

在青藏高原东部的牛牛山和卡卡山,在其东、南、西、北4个坡面各设置一个海拔相同(3800m)的样地,每个样地中随机选择30株同龄级的暗紫贝母植株作为研究对象,然后比较各坡面的生态因子以及暗紫贝母的生长和繁殖特征。结果表明:1融雪时间、气温、土壤含水量在南北坡面间有显著的差异,但土壤p H在各坡面间无明显差异。2开始生长期、始花期和盛花期等物候阶段都是北坡最迟,南坡最早,而枯黄期在各坡面间无显著差异。3单叶面积、比叶面积和植株株高以北坡最大,南坡最小。4鳞茎生物量以南坡最大,北坡最小,东、西坡面的值介于南、北坡之间。5单粒果实的生物量在各坡面之间无明显的差异,果实生物量在地上部分中所占的比例以南坡最大,北坡最小。6单粒果实平均种子数以北坡最多,南坡最少;而种子千粒重则以南坡最重,北坡最轻。可见,坡面对暗紫贝母的生长和繁殖特征有显著的影响,尤其是在南北坡面之间大多数性状差异显著。     

川西亚高山林线交错带植被凋落物量及养分归还动态

从2006—2008年,研究了川西亚高山林线交错带群落凋落物产量及N、P、K、Ca和Mg主要养分归还动态。结果表明:林线交错带植被凋落物年产量为389.83kg.hm-2.a-1,5种主要养分年归还量总量为15.82kg.hm-2.a-1,归还量排序为Ca>N>K>Mg>P。其中,叶、枝和其他混合杂物分别占凋落物总量的72.2%、17.9%和9.9%,占养分归还总量的87.4%、7.0%和5.6%。凋落物各组分及养分归还月动态均呈单峰曲线型变化,叶高峰期在9月,而枝、杂物则在10月。凋落物养分含量季节动态因不同凋落物组分和养分元素而异。叶凋落物中N、P、K和Mg含量在生长高峰的6、7月较高,而Ca含量较低;枝凋落物各元素含量总体上月变化不显著,其他混合杂物各元素含量6与10月相对较高,其余各月则无显著差异。     

密度对缺苞箭竹凋落物养分归还及养分利用效率的影响

在缺苞箭竹-紫果云杉原始林下,选取3个密度(D1、D2、D3)的缺苞箭竹,研究了密度对缺苞箭竹凋落物量、养分归还量及养分利用效率的影响.结果表明:3个密度缺苞箭竹的年凋落物量分别为793.2、1135.7和1458.5kg.hm-2,C归还量分别为370.7、516.2和671.5kg.hm-2,5种主要养分归还量分别为16.3、22.9和29.3kg.hm-2,均随密度的增大而增加.各密度养分年归还量中均以Ca最高(占总量的48%～58%),P和Mg最低(3%～5%),总体排序为Ca>N>K>Mg、P.除高密度(D3)缺苞箭竹在8月有一个凋落与养分归还小峰外,10月生长季末是各密度缺苞箭竹凋落及养分归还高峰期.不同密度缺苞箭竹叶N和K的再分配能力无显著差异,P的再分配能力随密度的增大而增强,Ca、Mg则显著积累.缺苞箭竹P的养分利用效率随密度的增大而增高,表明P可能是缺苞箭竹生长更新的限制因子.     

Cross-taxon congruence in the rarity of subtidal rocky marine assemblages: No taxonomic shortcut for conservation monitoring

The implementation of protection strategies such as the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) is impeded for subtidal rock bottom habitats because of high sampling costs due to a very wide taxonomic diversity, and a lack of suitable evaluation tools to estimate their conservation importance. In this study, we seek to provide an evaluation procedure by (1) investigating the distribution of rarity among subtidal rock bottom phyla; (2) searching for potential surrogate phyla with a cross-taxon congruence approach based on their rarity; (3) proposing an appropriate multi-phyla indicator to evaluate the importance of subtidal rocky habitats for conservation. We analysed the distribution of 548 species belonging to 8 phyla sampled in 137 assemblages in subtidal rocky areas located around Brittany, Western France. We applied the Index of Relative Rarity, a flexible method which fits rarity weights to species depending on their respective phyla. We found only weak congruence in rarity patterns among phyla, which prevented any attempt to identify surrogate phyla. This finding has important implications for the conservation of subtidal rocky habitats as it means that there is no shortcut to monitor their rarity: working on a subset of phyla would imply a biased evaluation of biodiversity. Consequently, we propose a multi-phyla Index of Relative Rarity combining all phyla which allowed us to successfully describe rarity patterns across all sampled sites.