一种新型瓷嵌体修复用树脂粘接材料生物安全性评价

目的:初步评价一种新型瓷嵌体修复用树脂粘接材料的生物安全性。方法:按照国标GB16886.5-1997,医药行业标准YY/T0268-2001、YY/T0279-1995、以及YY/T 0244-1996所规定的方法对本院材料科新研制的复合树脂粘接材料的生物安全性进行评价,内容包括短期急性全身毒性试验,粘膜刺激实验,细胞毒性试验。结果:此种新型瓷嵌体修复用树脂粘接材料无细胞毒性,无短期全身毒性,对口腔黏膜无刺激。结论:此种新型瓷嵌体修复用树脂粘接材料具有良好的生物安全性,可以进行进一步安全性检测。     

材料性质和专业对解决四卡片问题影响的眼动研究

目的:探讨实验材料性质和专业背景等因素对四卡片推理问题解决的影响。方法:使用ASL-504眼动记录仪,以16名大学生为被试,采用2(材料性质)×2(专业)的二因素被试间设计。结果:材料性质主效应不显著,但材料性质在相对注视时间、相对注视次数和瞳孔直径上呈现显著差异;专业因素主效应显著,专业因素在平均注视时间和平均眼跳距离上差异显著,二因素交互作用不显著;"如果子句"和"那么子句"在所有眼动指标上不存在显著差异。结论:(1)抽象程度高的材料在理解四卡片问题时需要更多的加工,包括条件句及其组成部分;(2)不同专业背景对理解条件句有不同的影响;(3)条件句各组成部分在理解时得到同等重要的加工。     

不同孔径CPC 材料对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞增殖的影响

目的:评价不同大小孔径的磷酸钙骨水泥(Calcium phosphate cement,CPC)材料对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(Bone mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)增殖能力的影响。方法:用盐析法制备三种不同孔径的(200-300μm、300-450μm、450-600μm)CPC材料,利用Micro-CT测量三种材料的平均孔径、孔隙率。无菌条件下取新生大鼠BMSCs原代培养并传代;将三组材料分别放置于24孔板内,每个材料接种5×104个细胞后,37℃、饱和湿度环境下静置培养。于接种后第1、4、7、14、21天用picogreen试剂盒测定细胞增值率;并在第14天、21天戊二醛固定材料并干燥喷金,扫描电镜观察材料表面细胞生长情况。结果:micro-CT测量结果显示:三种CPC材料孔径间相互连通,孔隙率均大于68%,平均孔径分别为235μm、422μm、505μm。细胞在三组材料上均呈对数增长趋势,在第14天到达平台期,在第1天三组细胞数量无明显差异,第4天450-600μm组细胞数量明显高于其余两组(P<0.05),在第7天细胞数量随孔径的增加而增加,3组间均有统计学差异(P<0.05),第14天和第21天200-300μm组细胞数量明显少于其余两组(P<0.05),300-450μm组和450-600μm组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:孔径大小可影响大鼠BMSCs在多孔CPC材料上的增殖能力,随着孔径增大,细胞增殖力增高。本研究为进一步研究孔径结构对细胞的影响提供了实验依据。     

Synthesizing double haploid hexaploid wheat populations based on a spontaneous alloploidization process

Doubled haploid (DH) populations are useful to scientists and breeders in both crop improvement and basic research. Current methods of producing DHs usually need in vitro culture for extracting haploids and chemical treatment for chromosome doubling. This report describes a simple method for synthesizing DHs (SynDH) especially for allopolyploid species by utilizing meiotic restitution genes. The method involves three steps: hybridization to induce recombination, interspecific hybridization to extract haploids, and spontaneous chromosome doubling by selfing the interspecific F1s. DHs produced in this way contain recombinant chromosomes in the genome(s) of interest in a homogeneous background. No special equipment or treatments are involved in the DH production and it can be easily applied in any breeding and/or genetic program. Triticum turgidum L. and Aegilops tauschii Coss, the two ancestral species of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and molecular markers were used to demonstrate the SynDH method.     

征稿简则

简介：《中国科学：生命科学》（中文版）和SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences（英文版）是中国科学院主管、中国科学院和国家自然科学基金委员会共同主办的生命科学类综合性学术期刊,力求及时报道生物学、医学和农学领域的基础研究与应用研究方面具有重要意义的成果．由《中国科学》杂志社出版,月刊,中文版每月20日出版,英文版每月5日出版．     

对“果酒和果醋的制作”实验的改进

按照课程标准的要求．组织学生实施了人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书生物选修1专题1课题1实验“果酒和果醋的制作”,实验过程中,对如何搞好该实验进行了探究和改进．取得良好的效果。     

Additive and Over-dominant Effects Resulting from Epistatic Loci Are the Primary Genetic Basis of Heterosis in Rice

A set of 148 F9 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） was developed from the cross of an indica cultivar 93-11 and japonica cultivar DTI13, showing strong F1 heterosis. Subsequently, two backcross F1 （BCFI） populations were constructed by backcrossing these 148 RILs to two parents, 93-11 and DT713. These three related populations （281BCF1 lines, 148 RILs） were phenotyped for six yield-related traits in two locations. Significant inbreeding depression was detected in the population of RILS and a high level of heterosis was observed in the two BCF1 populations. A total of 42 main-effect quantitative trait loci （M-QTLs） and 109 epistatic effect QTL pairs （E-QTLs） were detected in the three related populations using the mixed model approach. By comparing the genetic effects of these QTLs detected in the RILs, BCF1 performance and mid-parental heterosis （HMp）, we found that, in both BCF1 populations, the QTLs detected could be classified into two predominant types： additive and over-dominant loci, which indicated that the additive and over-dominant effect were more important than complete or partially dominance for M-QTLs and E-QTLs. Further, we found that the E-QTLs detected collectively explained a larger portion of the total phenotypic variation than the M-QTLs in both RILs and BCF1 populations. All of these results suggest that additive and over-dominance resulting from epistatic loci might be the primary genetic basis of heterosis in rice.     

Development of a Low-cost Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Method for Studying Differentially Expressed Genes in Developing Rice Leaves

Gene expression studies are important for revealing gene functions putatively involved in biological processes. We were interested in identifying differentially expressed genes during leaf development in rice. We combined the RNA arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction （RAP.PCR） and dot blot hybridization methods to screen a rice leaf primordium cDNA library. Three developmental stages during vegetative growth were examined. The cDNA clones showing different hybridization patterns were further analyzed and verified. Here we demonstrate that the combination of RAP-PCR and dot blot hybridization could provide an efficient and relatively low-cost cDNA library screening approach to discover genes not previously known to be associated with leaf development in rice, We believe that the findings described here will help to elucidate the molecular mechanism（s） underlying the developmental processes of rice leaf     

《兽类学报》投稿须知

本刊为兽类学的综合性学术期刊(季刊),由中国科学院西北高原生物研究所和中国动物学会兽类学分会主办。刊登兽类学各研究领域的原创性研究论文,主要包括生态学、行为学、保护生物学、繁殖与发育、营养和生理学以及哺乳动物的进化等,也发表关于珍惜濒危兽类的饲养、疾病诊断与治疗和害兽的防治、经济兽类的开发利用等应用基础研究领域的研究论文。     

《西北植物学报》论文写作要求

1.题目与标题:论文题目务求简明、确切、新颖,与文章内容一致,不用副题,一般不超过20字,且中、英文题目表述要一致。题目请勿使用非公知的缩写词、字符、代号等。中文各级标题用阿拉伯数字连续编号,如:1,1.1,1.1.1;2,2.1,2.1.1……,层次划分一般不超过3级。