大麦β-1，3-葡聚糖酶基因（GIII）启动子在转基因水稻中的诱导表达

将大麦β-1,3-葡聚糖酶同功酶基因(GIII)启动子(PGIII)与其报告基因gus(β-葡聚糖酸醛苷酶基因)耦联,构建植物表达载体,通过衣杆菌介导法转化水稻。PCR、DNA印迹法结果显示,构建的pGIII-gus表达载体已整合到水稻基因组DNA中。GUS组织化学染色、RNA印迹法及荧光法结果显示,该启动子驱动的gus在水稻叶片中为低水平表达;而用水扬酸(SA)与稻瘟菌来源的激发子处理,可诱导gus的高水平表达。T1代种子的GUS组织化学染色结果也表明,SA与激发子可以诱导高水平的PGIII活性。这些结果表明PGIII是一种强诱导型启动子,并可能是一种病原菌诱导型的启动子。     

大麦β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因(GⅢ)启动子在转基因水稻中的诱导表达

将大麦β-1,3-葡聚糖酶同功酶基因(GⅢ)启动子(PGⅢ)与其报告基因gus(β-葡聚糖酸醛苷酶基因)耦联,构建植物表达载体,通过农杆菌介导法转化水稻.PCR、DNA印迹法结果显示,构建的pGⅢ-gus表达载体已整合到水稻基因组DNA中.GUS组织化学染色、RNA印迹法及荧光法结果显示,该启动子驱动的gus在水稻叶片中为低水平表达;而用水扬酸(SA)与稻瘟菌来源的激发子处理,可诱导gus的高水平表达.T1代种子的GUS组织化学染色结果也表明,SA与激发子可以诱导高水平的PGⅢ活性.这些结果表明PGⅢ是一种强诱导型启动子,并可能是一种病原菌诱导型的启动子.     

应用体内诱导抗原技术筛选结核分枝杆菌体内表达基因

为寻找新型抗结核药物靶标 ,采用体内诱导抗原技术筛选结核分枝杆菌的体内诱导基因。首先构建了结核分枝杆菌基因组质粒表达文库 ,库容量为 1 0 2× 1 0 5CFU。再用经过结核分枝杆菌和大肠杆菌的裂解产物吸附过的结核病人血清 ,通过原位免疫印迹来筛选基因组表达文库 ,共获得 1 6个阳性克隆。对阳性克隆进行测序和生物信息学分析 ,发现该 1 6个阳性克隆可能包含 2 2个开放阅读框 (ORF)。按照功能将其分为 7类基因 :脂类代谢 2个、信号途径 5个、PE/PPE蛋白家族 2个、中间产物与能量代谢 6个、细胞壁与细胞处理 1个、假想蛋白 4个和与牛型分枝杆菌定向进化同源的 2个 ,其中部分基因可能与毒力相关 ,可以作为候选药物靶标     

丝裂霉素C对Erwinia herbicola表达及运转冰核活性蛋白方式的影响

利用添加丝裂霉素C(MMC)于不同培养基中,并在不同培养条件下对草生欧文氏菌10025A(E．herbicola 10025A)诱导培养,首次证实该菌表达冰核活性蛋白的活性及运转分泌冰核活性蛋白方式是不同。研究结果显示,MMC的加入可以提高细菌培养物的冰核活性,该现象可以解释为MMC对E．herbicola的作用能够激活细胞SOS应急系统的反应,诱导细胞合成部分参与修复DNA损伤的酶和蛋白因子,达到对E．herbicola诱导表达冰核蛋白通过高尔基体形成小液泡,向膜外分泌的方式,同时对E．herbicola细胞分裂后的形态也发生明显的影响。这对研究细胞在恶劣环境的生存机制以及获取该条件下的蛋白具有重要的意义,对低温生物的研究也将产生积极地影响。     

中国人胃癌染色体17q21区域基因遗传不稳定性研究

To investigate microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, and their effect on the expression of nm23H1 and BRCA1 of gastric cancer, which would provide experimental basis for clinical treatment and prognosis analysis of gastric cancer. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded materials. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was used to analyze MSI and LOH. Expression of nm23H, and BRCA1 was detected by Envision immuno-histochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques. In the forty cases of gastric cancer, the frequency of MSI, LOH and nm23H1 protein were 20.00%, 17.50% and 55.00% respectively at locus D17S396, while at locus D17S579, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 protein were 22.50%, 15.00% and 37.50% respectively; at locus D17S855, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 of thirty-seven cases were 18.92%, 18.92%, 37.84% respectively. In tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, at locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, MSI in stages I + II appeared more frequently than that in stages III + IV, while LOH appeared the contrary tendency. In the group of metastasis of gastric cancer, MSI had a less frequency (5.00%) than that with no metastasis (35.00%, P < 0.05) at locus D17S396, but LOH appeared more frequently (30.00%) than that with no metastasis (5.00%, P < 0.05). At locus D17S579, MSI had an increasing tendency with the degree of tumor differentiation (50.00% in high differentiation cases, 20.00% in middle differentiation cases, and 0% in low differentiation cases, P < 0.05). The frequency of nm23H1 and BRCA1 protein in stages TNM I + II was higher than that in stages TNM III + IV; and that in higher differentiation cases was higher than in poor differentiation cases. The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group of metastasis (30.00%) was less than that with no metastasis significantly (80.00%, P<0.01). The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group positive to MSI (87.50%) was higher than that in the group negative to MSI (46.88%, P < 0.05). However, nm23H1 protein in group positive to LOH (14.29%) was lower than that in the group negative to LOH (63.64%, P < 0.05). The frequency of BRCA1 protein in the group positive to MSI (66.67%) was more than that in the group negative to MSI (29.03%, P < 0.05). The results of experiments indicate that MSI and LOH may separately control the development of sporadic colon cancer with different pathways. MSI may be an early period molecule marker for sporadic colon cancer, enhanced expression of nm23H1 protein can effectively inhibit colon cancer metastasis and improve prognosis of sporadic colon cancer patients. By comparison, LOH mostly arises in the late period of sporadic colon cancer and endows a high aggressive and poor prognostic phenotype. nm23H1 protein could effectively restrain gastric cancer metastasis and development; and BRCA1 protein could restain tumor from becoming lower differentiation.     

化学诱导表达系统及其在植物中的应用

化学诱导启动子可以在特定时间和部位激活或抑制目的基因的表达。目前,已经建立了多种化学诱导表达系统,用于基因功能分析、无标记植物转化、特定位点DNA切除、育性恢复和RNA沉默等方面的研究。化学诱导表达系统为基础分子生物学研究和生物技术应用提供了强有力的工具,将大大加快植物转基因技术的应用。     

小鼠pαMHC-EGFP胚胎干细胞株的构建

应用电穿孔方法将含有α肌球蛋白重链启动子的pαMHC-EGFP载体转染到D3系小鼠胚胎千细胞,应用200μg／ml新霉素进行药物选择。采用悬浮培养法,体外诱导分化心肌细胞。荧光显微镜下,观察到第7天和第8天拟胚体中出现“跳动”的心肌细胞并同时有绿色荧光蛋白的表达。同时与D3系小鼠胚胎干细胞比较心肌细胞分化率的变化无显著差异（P〉0．05）。该细胞株在分化心肌细胞的同时,具有绿色荧光蛋白的标记,因而利于对心肌细胞的识别和纯化。     

菌丝形态分化与头孢菌素C合成的关系*

利用显微图像分析法对顶头孢霉菌的菌丝形态进行了定量研究,并统计分析了头孢菌素C发酵过程中的菌丝形态的变化规律,具体对菌丝长度、菌丝宽度和菌丝生长单位进行了定量分析,分析了菌丝形态分化与头孢菌素C合成的关系。研究表明头孢菌素C的合成是在细长菌丝分化成膨大菌丝片段后才启动的,头孢菌素C可能主要是在膨大菌丝分化成节孢子的过程中被合成。     

一种利用STO饲养层细胞制备拟胚体的新方法

建立了一种利用STO饲养层细胞制备拟胚体的新方法。该方法选用生长至80%饱和密度的STO细胞,经丝裂霉素C(10 mg/ml)处理4 h后以8×104 cm-2的密度接种培养12 h,制备饲养层,再将ES-D3细胞以1×104 cm-2的密度接种其上,首先用含mLIF的DMEM培养液培养24 h,再更换拟胚体诱导培养液,5～9天后获得了各成熟阶段的拟胚体。形态结构和分化潜能等研究表明,该方法制备的拟胚体结构典型,具有产生3个胚层谱系来源的功能细胞的潜能。与传统拟胚体制作方法如悬滴培养法相比,具有操作简便,拟胚体形成率高,重复性好等优点,是开展哺乳动物早期胚胎发育和干细胞分化研究的理想工具。     

犊牛前脂肪细胞的原代培养

为了建立犊牛前脂肪细胞原代培养模式,以便深入地研究奶牛脂肪组织增生的生物学特征。选用犊牛小肠网膜,采用原代消化细胞培养法培养出梭形细胞;同时以皮肤组织的成纤维细胞培养作为对照。结果显示：培养出的梭形细胞成分均一,增殖旺盛,分化率高。经形态学动态变化的观察,生长曲线及油红O脂肪染色抽取法测定,证明是功能活跃的前脂肪细胞,并在体外重现了其增殖的全过程。因此,在犊牛小肠网膜中存在着可分化成熟的、生成脂肪的前脂肪细胞。为进一步研究与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗相关的疾病如奶牛酮病、脂肪肝等打下了基础。