Hedgehog信号通路在哺乳动物生殖系统中的功能

Hedgehog是编码一系列分泌蛋白的基因家族,它在果蝇中调控着许多发育事件,如：翅膀、体节、腿和眼睛的发育等。Hedgehog蛋白在哺乳动物中共发现三类,它们与哺乳动物的胚胎发育和组织发生过程都有密切关系,而在哺乳动物的生殖系统中这三类Hedgehog分子的表达部位、作用部位、下游分子、激活的分子及最终的功能都有不同。Ihh的信号通路在围着床期对子宫的着床准备起作用,Dhh主要调节精子的发生,Shh对哺乳动物的乳腺及前列腺的发育有重要作用。     

信息技术在初中生物学"哺乳动物的多样性"一节教学中的实践

应用现代信息技术手段,开展初中生物学“哺乳动物的多样性”教学实践,证明能充分调动学生的学习兴趣和积极性,有利于改善学习效果,提高教学质量。     

雌性哺乳动物促卵泡素受体与促黄体素受体的结构与表达

本文从雌性哺乳动物促卵泡素受体(FSHR)和促黄体素受体(LHR)的结构及在卵泡发育过程中的表达和功能加以综述,指出FSHR及LHR在卵泡的生长发育、优势化及排卵等方面具有重要的功能。     

Wnt信号通路与哺乳动物生殖

Wnt蛋白及其受体、调节蛋白等一起组成了复杂的信号通路,调控细胞的分化,参与发育的多个重要过程.近来的研究表明：Wnt信号通路也是调节哺乳动物生殖系统正常发育所必需.它主要参与了缪勒氏管及其派生器官的形成,调控卵泡的发育、排卵及黄体化,另外与正常妊娠的建立以及妊娠过程中乳腺的变化也有关.     

HBx与宿主蛋白质的相互作用

HBx是哺乳动物嗜肝性HBV的X读码框所编码的HBV中唯一具有多种调控功能的病毒蛋白质。这些调控作用包括：激活宿主细胞和病毒自身基因的转录、调控凋亡、抑制细胞中受损DNA的外切修复反应以及激活细胞中信号转导通路如：MAPK、JAK、STAT的级联反应等;HBx通过这样的多种调控作用直接或间接地对病毒自身的复制与增殖以及宿主细胞中基因的表达与调控、细胞的凋亡与癌变等过程都产生了广泛的影响。     

MiR-29a/b/c regulate human circadian gene hPER1 expression by targeting its 3/UTR

Several essential biological progresses in mammals are regulated by circadian rhythms. Though the molecular mechanisms of oscillating these circadian rhythms have been uncovered, the specific functions of the circadian genes are not very clear. It has been reported that knocking down circadian genes by microRNA is a useful strategy to explore the function of the circadian rhythms. In this study, through a forward bioinformatics screening ap- proach, we identified miR-29a/b/c as potent inhibitors for the human circadian gene hPER1. We further found that miR-29a/b/c could directly target hPER1 3/untranslated region （UTR） and down-regulate hPER1 at both mRNA and protein expression levels in human A549 cells. Thus, our findings suggested that the expression of hPER1 is regulated by miR-29a/b/c, which may also provide a new clue for the function ofhPER1.     

Regulation and function of stimulus-induced phosphorylation of MeCP2

DNA methylation-dependent epigenetic regulation plays important roles in the development and function of the mammalian nervous system. MeCP2 is a key player in recognizing methylated DNA and interpreting the epigenetic information encoded in different DNA methylation patterns. Mutations in the MECP2 gene cause Rett syndrome, a devastating neurological disease that shares many features with autism. One interesting aspect of MeCP2 function is that it can be phosphorylated in response to diverse stimuli. Insights into the regulation and function of MeCP2 phosphorylation will help improve our understanding of how MeCP2 integrates environmental stimuli in neuronal nuclei to generate adaptive responses and may eventually lead to treatments for patients.     

中国北方最早的人类化石——蓝田猿人

正1963～1964年,中科院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所科考队在陕西蓝田陈家窝子与公王岭先后发掘出蓝田直立人下颌骨与蓝田直立人头盖骨等,同时,在这两个遗址上又发现了文化遗物及与蓝田直立人共生的哺乳动物化石,今年恰逢发现蓝田直立人头骨50周年。写此文章,与大家分享。1959年地质专家曾河清来到陕西蓝田考查后,报道了陕西蓝田地区一个相当良好的新生界剖面,由于此前蓝田地区的新生界发育良好,一     

PRCl Marks the Difference in Plant PcG Repression

ABSTRACT From mammals to plants, the Polycomb Group （PcG） machinery plays a crucial role in maintaining the repres- sion of genes that are not required in a specific differentiation status. However, the mechanism by which PeG machinery mediates gene repression is still largely unknown in plants. Compared to animals, few PcG proteins have been identi- fied in plants, not only because just some of these proteins are clearly conserved to their animal counterparts, but also because some PcG functions are carried out by plant-specific proteins, most of them as yet uncharacterized. For a long time, the apparent lack of Polycomb Repressive Complex （PRC）I components in plants was interpreted according to the idea that plants, as sessile organisms, do not need a long-term repression, as they must be able to respond rapidly to environmental signals; however, some PRC1 components have been recently identified, indicating that this may not be the case. Furthermore, new data regarding the recruitment of PcG complexes and maintenance of PcG repression in plants have revealed important differences to what has been reported so far. This review highlights recent progress in plant PcG function, focusing on the role of the putative PRC1 components.