黄鞘蕊花中两个新的醌式二萜

从黄鞘蕊花中得到２个新的醌式二萜（二聚体）,黄鞘蕊花乙素,黄鞘蕊花丙素和２个已知化合物蒲公英萜醇,齐墩果酸。     

紫草乌中生物碱成分及其对H9c2细胞毒性研究

为了解我国特有药用乌头种紫草乌(Aconitum episcopale)的生物碱类化学成分及其对大鼠心脏细胞H9c2的细胞毒性,从紫草乌中分离出10个C19-二萜生物碱,根据理化性质和波谱数据,其结构分别鉴定为滇乌碱(1)、粗茎乌头碱甲(2)、黄草乌碱丙(3)、黄草乌碱甲(4)、丽乌亭(5)、猎鹰乌头碱(6)、14-O-乙酰萨卡可尼亭(7)、萨卡可尼亭(8)、查斯曼宁(9)和展毛黄草乌碱A (10)。化合物5、6和10为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物1～4、6～7和9～10对大鼠心脏细胞H9c2增殖的半数抑制浓度为163.8～341.6μg/m L,表明紫草乌中的生物碱对H9c2细胞具有毒性作用。     

白喉乌头中的新二萜生物碱

通过柱层析和高效液相层析从白喉乌头（Ａｃｏｎｉｔｕｍ ｌｅｕｃｏｓｔｏｍ ｕｍ Ｗｏｒｏｓｃｈ．）的根中分离得到４种二萜生物碱,通过各种光谱数据的解析鉴定了它们的结构,其中一种是新化合物,命名为喉乌碱（ｌｅｕ－ｃｏｓｔｉｎｅ,Ⅱ）;其它为已知化合物ｌｅｕｃｏｎｉｎｅ （Ⅰ）、ｄｅｈｙｄｒｏａｃｏｓａｎｉｎｅ （Ⅲ）和ｓｅｐａｃｏｎｉｔｉｎｅ （Ⅳ）。     

绣线菊碱H,I及O的化学结构

绣线菊碱Ｈ,Ｉ,Ｏ为Ａｔｉｓｉｎｅ型的新二匝生物碱,从毛萼绣线菊根中分离得到。本文根据波谱解析及化学转换,分别测定了它们的化学结构。     

Structural diversity and defensive properties of diterpenoid alkaloids

Diterpenoid alkaloids are compounds of pharmacological interest. Forty four C₁₉ norditerpenoid (NDAs) and 23 C₂₀ diterpenoid (DAs) alkaloids isolated from Aconitum, Delphinium and Consolida species were tested for their insecticidal effects (antifeedant and toxic) on Spodoptera littoralis and Leptinotarsa decemlineata, their cytotoxicity on tumoral cell lines with several multidrug resistance mechanisms, and their antiparasitic effects against Trypanososma cruzi and Leishmania infantum. Overall, C₁₉ norditerpene alkaloids (NDAs) resulted better insect antifeedants and post-ingestive toxicants than the related C₂₀ diterpene alkaloids (DAs). Their antifeedant or insecticidal potencies did not parallel their reported nAChR binding activity, but did correlate␣with the␣agonist/antagonist insecticidal/ antifeedant model proposed for nicotininc insecticides.␣Among the most potent antifeedants (EC₅₀ < 0.2 μg/cm²) are␣the NDAs 1,14 diacetylcardiopetaline (10),␣18-hydroxy-14-O-methylgadesine (34) and 14-O-acetyldelectinine (28) (to CPB) and the DA 19-oxodihydroatisine (55) (to S.␣littoralis). DAs had strong antiparasitic effects with molecular selectivity while NDAs were inactive. Delphigraciline (53), 15,22-O-Diacetyl-19-oxo-dihydroatisine (56), azitine (64) and isoazitine (65) were active against L. infantum promastigotes and had a moderate effect on T. cruzi epimastigotes, while atisinium chloride (59) and 13-oxocardiopetamine (48) had a potent effect on T. cruzi epimastigotes. These compounds were not toxic to the host cell, significantly reduced parasite infection capacity and severely affected the multiplication of their extracellular forms. Several NDAs exhibited selective cytotoxicity to cancerous cells and some of these had irreversible effects on SW480, HeLa and SkMel25 cell lines (neoline 5, pubescenine 16, 14-deacetylajadine 26, lycoctonine 27, dehydrotakaosamine 35, and ajadelphinine 38). These cytotoxic effects could be related to the inhibition of ATP production.     

C19-Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum richardsonianum

Three new aconitine-type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, richardsonines A-C (1–3), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum richardsonianum Lauener, together with seventeen known compounds (4–20). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute stereochemistry of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 2, 5, 8 and 9 were rare C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids bearing an OH group at C-16. Isolated compounds were evaluated for inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells. Compounds 3 and 7 showed weak antineuroinflammatory effects with inhibition rates of 35.32 ± 2.29% and 39.94 ± 2.50%, respectively, at a concentration of 100 µM.     

滇姜花中的新二萜成分--滇姜花素D

从滇姜花Ｈｅｄｙｃｈｉｕｍｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｅ根茎中分离到３个二萜成分,分别为滇姜花Ｄ（１）,圆瓣姜花素Ａ（２）和ｈｅｄｙｃｈｅｎｏｎｅ（３）,（１）为新化合物,其结构经波谱学方法鉴定为１３β－ｆｕｒａｎｏｌａｂｄａ－６－ｏｘｏ－７,１１－ｄｉｅｎ－１７－ｏｌ。     

Two Novel Diterpenoid Alkaloids Isolated from the Roots of Aconitum brevicalcaratum

Two new diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Aconitum brevicalcaratum Diels. They were acobretine D ( Ⅰ )and acobretine E ( Ⅱ ), and the structures of which were identified on the basis of spectroscopic evidences (IR, MS, 1 H and 13C-NMR) and confirmed by chemical transformations. The 1 H and 13C chemical shifts of the hydrochloride of Ⅰ were assigned in relation to of 1 H-1 H COSY and 13C-1 H COSY.     

The Structures of Triptotetraolide and Wilforjine

A new diterpenoid lactone named triptotetraolide and a new sesquiterpene alkaloid named wilforjine were isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and X-ray analysis.     

Diterpenoids and acetylenic lipids from Aralia racemosa

Phytochemical investigation of Aralia racemosa L. afforded three known diterpenoids and two known acetylenic lipids. The presence of these compounds is consistent with the compound classes reported from other members of genus Aralia. The structures of these compounds were determined by NMR, IR, and LC-MS spectroscopic methods. This is the first report of acanthoic acid from A. racemosa. We present corrected NMR data for (16R)-17-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-al, which is also reported from A. racemosa for the first time.