基于景观感知敏感度的生态旅游地观光线路自动选址

引入景观感知敏感度模型中的可视范围、最佳观赏距离、最佳观赏方位等视域感知影响因子,和景观类型、资源价值等生态感知影响因子,并增加地形坡度和起伏度因子,建立了生态旅游地观光线路选址综合权重计算模型,用于观光线路的自动选址。以武安国家地质公园奇峡谷景区为例,基于ArcGIS软件平台,实现了景区旅游观光最佳线路自动选址;通过景区野外考察,并综合考虑其它修正因子,对计算结果进行了专家修正,获得了一条旅游者景观感知较好且容易实施的观光线路。观光线路自动选址为微观尺度下的生态旅游地规划、景观设计提供了定量分析方法,为景区管理和生态保护提供了思路和参考。     

可诱导肿瘤靶向性IFN-α2a重组腺病毒的构建及其表达

腺病毒载体广泛应用于恶性肿瘤的靶向性基因治疗的研究,但这些肿瘤靶向载体缺乏可控性,其疗效和安全性受到很大的影响,因此开发新型可诱导的生物肿瘤靶向载体是当今抗肿瘤靶向药物研究的当务之急。该研究构建了可诱导肿瘤靶向性IFN-α2a重组腺病毒。重组腺病毒能够有效感染人肝癌细胞株HepG2等多种肿瘤细胞株,RT-PCR和Western blot结果表明肿瘤细胞能高效表达IFN-α2a,而其非肿瘤细胞株L02几乎没有表达。诱导试验表明重组腺病毒Ad MT-Ⅱ-hTERT/IFN-α2a能被ZnSO4诱导表达。可诱导肿瘤靶向性重组腺病毒Ad MT-Ⅱ-hTERT/IFN-α2a成功构建为下一步体内外抑癌实验研究打下了基础。     

XPA A23G polymorphism is associated with the elevated response to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

DNA repair capacity （DRC） is correlated with sensitivity of cancer cells toward platinum-based chemotherapy. We hypothesize that genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair gene XPA （xeroderma pigmentosum group A） and XPG （xeroderma pigmentosum group G） （ERCC5, excision repair cross-complementation group 5）, which result in inter-individual differences in DNA repair efficiency, may predict clinical response to platinum agents in advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） patients. In this study, we find that the A → G change of XPA A23G polymorphism significantly increased response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Polymorphism in XPG His46His was associated with a decreased treatment response, but was not statistically significant.     

Mycoepoxydiene, a fungal polyketide, induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis in HeLa cells

Mycoepoxydiene (MED) is a polyketide isolated from a marine fungus associated with mangrove forests. It contains an oxygen-bridged cyclooctadiene core and an α,β-unsaturated δ-lactone moiety. MED induced the reorganization of cytoskeleton in actively growing HeLa cells by promoting formation of actin stress fiber and inhibiting polymerization of tubulin. MED could induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M in HeLa cells. MED-associated apoptosis was characterized by the formation of fragmented nuclei, PARP cleavage, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-3, and an increased proportion of sub-G1 cells. Additionally, MED activated MAPK pathways. Interestingly, the time of JNK, p38, and Bcl-2 activation did not correlate with the release of cytochrome c. This study is the first report demonstrating the action mechanism of MED against tumor cell growth. These results provide the potential of MED as a novel low toxic antitumor agent.     

转录因子Ets-1与MMP-9在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

目的观察转录因子Ets-1和MMP-9在胃癌组织中的表达;探讨两者在胃癌浸润转移中的作用、相互关系及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测97例胃癌及癌旁组织、28例正常胃黏膜组织中Ets-1和MMP-9的表达。结果胃癌组织中Ets-1和MMP-9的阳性表达率分别为74.2%(72/97)、75.3%(73/97),均明显高于癌旁组织(40.2%、18.6%)及正常胃黏膜组织(17.9%、14.3%)(P0.01);而在癌旁组织及正常胃黏膜组织中两者的表达差异无显著性(P0.05)。Ets-1和MMP-9的阳性表达率在乳头状腺癌、管状腺癌及低分化腺癌与黏液癌之间差异有显著性(P0.01)。Ets-1和MMP-9的高表达与胃癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有关(P0.01),与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小及肿瘤位置均无关(P0.05)。Ets-1和MMP-9的表达成正相关(r=0.700,P0.01)。结论Ets-1和MMP-9高表达与胃癌的浸润、转移密切相关;通过上调MMP-9的表达,可能是Ets-1促进胃癌浸润转移的机制之一。     

A pipeline for high throughput detection and mapping of SNPs from EST databases

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent the most abundant type of genetic variation that can be used as molecular markers. The SNPs that are hidden in sequence databases can be unlocked using bioinformatic tools. For efficient application of these SNPs, the sequence set should be error-free as much as possible, targeting single loci and suitable for the SNP scoring platform of choice. We have developed a pipeline to effectively mine SNPs from public EST databases with or without quality information using QualitySNP software, select reliable SNP and prepare the loci for analysis on the Illumina GoldenGate genotyping platform. The applicability of the pipeline was demonstrated using publicly available potato EST data, genotyping individuals from two diploid mapping populations and subsequently mapping the SNP markers (putative genes) in both populations. Over 7000 reliable SNPs were identified that met the criteria for genotyping on the GoldenGate platform. Of the 384 SNPs on the SNP array approximately 12% dropped out. For the two potato mapping populations 165 and 185 SNPs segregating SNP loci could be mapped on the respective genetic maps, illustrating the effectiveness of our pipeline for SNP selection and validation.     

Quantitative analysis and process monitoring of site-specific glycosylation microheterogeneity in recombinant human interferon-γ from Chinese hamster ovary cell culture by hydrophilic interaction chromatography

A chromatographic method was developed for quantitative analysis of site-specific microheterogeneity of the two N-linked glycosylation sites in recombinant human interferon-γ produced from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture. After the interferon-γ was harvested by affinity chromatography, the tryptic digestion was carried out. The two glycopeptide pools, isolated from reversed-phase chromatography of tryptic digestion of interferon-γ, were subjected to further separation by hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Each peak in the chromatograms was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF–MS). The overall elution order of the glycopeptides was the following: neutral glycopeptides, monosialylated glycopeptides, bisialylated glycopeptides, trisialylated glycopeptide and tetrasialylated glycopeptides. Based on the integrated peak area for each compound in the chromatograms, the percentage for each glycan was utilized to quantify the glycosylation pattern of the interferon-γ. Finally, sialylation and antennarity structure percentages at the two glycosylation sites were chosen as the quality indicators in process monitoring of interferon-γ production from a serum-free suspension-batch CHO culture.     

Impaired expression of PPAR gamma protein contributes to the exaggerated growth of vascular smooth muscle cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), a member of the nuclear receptor family, has been implicated in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth; however, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. We hypothesized that PPAR gamma functional deficiency may contribute to the enhanced proliferation of VSMC associated with hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We observed that PPAR gamma mRNA level in SHR VSMC was 3 approximately 4 fold higher than that from Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), but the protein expression levels of PPAR gamma are significantly lower in SHR than WKY VSMC, suggesting an impaired control of PPAR gamma protein expression in SHR VSMC. The deficiency of PPAR gamma protein expression in SHR VSMC was demonstrated by PPAR gamma reporter gene assays. Furthermore, the exaggerated growth of SHR VSMC was markedly attenuated by adenoviral PPAR gamma overexpression. Taken together, our results provided the first direct evidence that impaired expression of PPAR gamma protein contributes to the exaggerated growth of SHR VSMC.