虎尾草化学成分研究

从虎尾草Lysimachia barystachys地上部分中分得8个已知黄酮苷类化合物,通过波谱解析其结构分别鉴定为槲皮素(1),山奈酚(2),金丝桃苷(3)、芦丁(4)、3,5,7,3',4'-五羟基黄酮-3-O-(2,6-二-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5),3,5,7,3',4'-五羟基黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),3,5,7,4'-四羟基黄酮-3-O-(2,6-二-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7),3,5,7,4'-四羟基黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8).这些化合物除3,4外均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

珍珠菜属植物三帖类化合物研究进展

对珍珠菜属(Lysimachia)植物中已报道的三萜类化合物化学结构和生物活性研究进行了综述。本属中的三萜皂苷均以齐墩果烷型五环三萜为苷元基本骨架,根据皂苷元结构,可将皂苷分为13β,28-环氧-齐墩果烷型(Ⅰ型)和12-烯-齐墩果烷型(Ⅱ型),同时论述了Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型皂苷元化学结构转换。     

紫外分光光度法测定珍珠菜中总黄酮含量

目的:建立珍珠菜提取液中总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法:采用紫外分光光度法,通过紫外可见扫描确定最大吸收波长,以芦丁为对照品制定标准曲线,并进行样品溶液稳定性试验和方法回收率与精密度试验。结果:最大吸收波长为405 nm,标准曲线线性范围为4.014-32.112μg/mL,r=0.999 9。样品液经A l3 络合后在0.5-2.5h内稳定性较好,平均加样回收率为102.00%±1.64%,RSD为1.61%,日内、日间精密度RSD小于2%,符合要求。结论:该方法简单方便、准确可靠,可以用来测定珍珠菜中总黄酮的含量。     

中国珍珠菜属(报春花科)一新种——右旋过路黄

对新种右旋过路黄Lysimachia dextrorsiflora X. P. Zhang, X. H. Guo &; J. W. Shao进行了描述和绘图。该新种产于中国安徽和福建, 因茎匍匐, 叶对生, 花黄色, 单生叶腋与过路黄L. christinae Hance近缘, 但其花冠裂片在蕾期右旋(顺时针)旋转排列(俯视), 花梗通常长于叶片与叶柄长之和, 花期4月初至5月初而不同。     

鄂西新植物

1　大老岭孩儿参新种图 1Pseudostellaria dalaolingensis Z.E.Zhao et J.Q.Wu,sp.nov.Differt a P.maximowicziana (Franch.et Sav.) Pax foliis inferiora linearo-oblanceolatis,4～ 8mm longis;foliis mediana et superiora spathulatis,5～ 8mm longis.Herba perennis 4～ 8cm alata.Tubera ovoidea 2～ 9vel singularia,5～ 9mm longa,3～ 5mm diam.Caulis erectus,4 -angularis,inferus glaber,superus pilosus albus bifarius.Folia inferiora 1 -juga linearo-oblanceolata,4～ 8mm longa,glabra;folia mediana etsuperiora…     

两种珍珠菜属植物染色体数目及核型的观察

狼尾花(Lysimachia barystachys Bunge)和腺药珍珠菜(L. stenosepala Hemsl.)是珍珠菜属(Lysimachia)的两种植物。该属植物全世界约有180种,我国有120种左右。截止目前,本属植物中已作过染色体计数的种类不多,尤其在国内有文献报道的更是屈指可数,仅见庄灿旸等关于滨海珍珠菜(L. mauritiana Lam.)的报道。因     

How have the alpine dwarf plants in Yakushima been miniaturized? A comparative study of two alpine dwarf species in Yakushima, Blechnum niponicum (Blechnaceae) and Lysimachia japonica (Primulaceae)

Many plant species are miniaturized in the alpine region in Yakushima, Japan. To examine how these alpine dwarf plants are different from their related lowland ones of the same species, we analyzed two phylogenetically distinct species cytologically, genetically and morphologically: one is a fern species, Blechnum niponicum, and the other is an angiosperm species, Lysimachia japonica. The analysis shows that the alpine dwarf and the lowland plants in each of these species do not differ in chromosome number or genetic constitution. The organ-level comparison between the alpine dwarf and lowland plants of B. niponicum shows that the fertile leaf size correlates closely with the sterile one. By contrast, the flower size does not correlate with the leaf size in L. japonica. At the cell level, the leaf size of the alpine dwarf plants of B. niponicum consists of a smaller number of epidermal cells than that of the lowland plants of this species. On the other hand, the smaller leaf size of the alpine dwarf plants of L. japonica depends on both the smaller number and the smaller size of the epidermal cells. We conclude that plant dwarfism in Yakushima shows variation at both the organ and cell levels.     

零陵香挥发油成分研究

本文报告自报春花科排草属植物零陵香(Lysimachia foenumgraecum Hance)的全草提取出挥发油,收率0.17%,呈黄绿色,具浓厚芳香。用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用仪(Finnigan4021型)进行了挥发油成分分析,结果在零陵香挥发油中共鉴定出59个成分;其中酸性成分20个,以十六酸(hexadecanoic acid)、十七酸(heptanoic acid)等含量较多;中性和酚性成分39个,以六氢金合欢烯酰丙酮(hexahydrofarnesylacetone)等的含量较多,它在植物中是较罕见的成分,并且是首次在零陵香植物中发现。本文还用气相色谱仪(Perkin-Elmer Sigma 2B 型)和标准品对零陵香挥发油中成分进行了对照鉴定。     

On the Chemical Study of the Volatile Oil ot Lysimachia Foenumgraecum Hance

The present paper reports that 0.17% fragrant, yellowish green colored volatile oil was obtained from Lysimachia foenumgraecum Hance by steam distil- lation with the following physical constants: nD20 1.4824, d1515 0.9059, [α]D25 -18.6 (c=1.1,CHCl3). 2. From the volatile oil a large amount of palmitic acid was separated and identified by its rap, elementary analysis and IR. 3. The volatile oil was divided into the acidic portion, the constituents in which were later transferred into their methyl esters (A), and the neutral and phenolic por- tion (B). (A) and (B) were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The result of analysis showed that a total of 59 chemical constituents were indentified in the volatile oil; (A) con- sisted of 20 and (B) consisted of 39 constituents. 4. From the results as shown in the GC figures I and 2, hexahydrofarnesylacetone, being a rarely occured constituent in the natural product, and dibutyl phthalate might be considered to be the principal neutral costituents, just as the hexadecanoic acid and margaric acid to be the principal acidic constituents in the volatile oil of Lysimachia foenumgraecum Hance.     

Biogeography of ‘tropical Anagallis’ (Myrsinaceae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data

Aim ‘Tropical Anagallis’ corresponds to one of two evolutionary lineages within the genus Anagallis L. Generally, species within this lineage have a limited distribution in (sub‐)tropical regions in Africa or Madagascar. Two species, however, are endemic to South America, and exhibit a trans‐Atlantic disjunction with the rest of the species within the lineage. To investigate this disjunct distribution, as well as other dispersal events, the distribution of extant taxa was used to hypothesize the ancestral area(s) of distribution. Location Africa, Madagascar, Europe and South America. Methods Dispersal–vicariance analysis (DIVA) was used to optimize distribution areas onto parsimony and Bayesian phylogenies based on sequence data from four chloroplast loci and the nuclear internal transcribed spacers (ITS). Results Parsimony analysis gave one most parsimonious tree while Bayesian analysis resulted in a collapsed node due to alternative placements of Anagallis nummularifolia Baker, endemic to Madagascar. Optimization of the present distribution using DIVA, and the most parsimonious tree and six alternative topologies of the Bayesian analysis, show an origin of the lineage in Europe as most likely, although one topology indicates a broader ancestral distribution area. Dispersal to Africa appears to have been a single event, while two parallel dispersal events seem to have resulted in the American as well as Madagascan distributions. Main conclusions The lineage ‘tropical Anagallis’ evolved in Europe and may have been present in the Eocene boreotropical forests, although scarcity of fossils makes assessment of age difficult. Dispersal to South America is proposed to have been via the North Atlantic land bridge, or, more likely, through transport by the North Equatorial Current. Dispersal from Europe to Africa represents a single event, while dispersal to Madagascar from mainland Africa has occurred twice.