投稿须知

<正>《中国科学:生命科学》(SCIENTIA SINICA Vitae)是中国科学院主管、中国科学院和国家自然科学基金委员会共同主办的生命科学类综合性学术期刊.力求及时报道生物学、农学和基础医学领域具有重要意义的创新性研究成果.由《中国科学》杂志社出版.月刊,每月20日出版.收录情况《中国科学引文数据库》、《中国学术期刊网》、《中文科技期刊数据库》、《中国科学文献数据库》、《中国数字化期刊》等.栏目设置本刊设有以下3个固定栏目:评述综述所研究领域的代表性成果、研究进展,提出作者自己的见解以及对今后研究方向的建议.     

表皮生长因子受体基因突变检测方法改进及初步临床验证

目的:改进现有的检测表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变的荧光PCR法并开发出新的试剂盒,将其与直接测序法和ARMS法进行对比,验证该试剂盒用于临床诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性。方法:收集2013年6月至2015年8月手术确诊的141例非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的石蜡包埋组织标本。采用盲法分别使用直接测序法、ARMS法和新试剂盒检测EGFR突变,比较新试剂盒与其他两种检测方法的差异,结果不一致时采用三种方法分别重复检验一次。结果:三种方法检测成功率均为100%,新试剂盒与直接测序法测得结果完全一致的比率达75.9%(107/141),在直接测序法测得的96例突变阳性中,92例在新试剂盒检测中得到验证(95.8%)。而直接测序法显示突变阴性的45例中,新试剂盒检测发现了23例突变阳性,两种检测方法的结果存在统计学差异(x2=40.745,P0.05)。与直接测序法进行比较,新试剂盒检测EGFR突变的敏感性、特异性分别为95.8%、48.9%,阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为80.0%、84.6%,检测准确度为80.9%。以ARMS检测法为金标准,新试剂盒测得结果完全一致的比率达84.4%(119/141),两者的一致性比较好(K=0.749,P0.05),敏感性、特异性分别为94.1%、86.4%。结论:改进后EGFR基因突变检测的试剂盒在技术上较好地控制了检测结果的假阳性和假阴性,该检测方法较直接测序法具有更好的敏感性和准确性,与现有的ARMS法一致性较高。     

A NEW RHEOCRICOTOPUS THIENEMANN ＆ HARNISCHIA （DIPTERA： CHIRONOMIDAE） FROM TAIWAN PROVINCE, CHINA

Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) taiwanensis sp. n. from Taiwan, China, is described as male imagines. The species is allied to R. (P.) chalybeatus (Edwards) but it is easily separated from the latter in lacking setae in all reins, much lower AR and more pronounced crista dorsalis in gonostylus. The genus is new to Taiwan Province, China. The specimen is deposited at the Department of Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin.     

高考生物学热点问题浅析

高考热点问题，指的是那些对社会影响大、几乎人所共知、易被学生接受的与生物学知识有关的内容。高考热点问题的题材具有时效性强、影响面广等特点。如克隆羊、人类基因组计划、细胞周期蛋白的发现等。     

Effects of peach branches returning on autotoxins and microbes in soil and tree growth of peaches

Aims This study aimed to investigate the effects of branch returning on the growth of peach (Amygdalus persica "Chunmei/Maotao") saplings, soil enzyme activity, and soil contents of phenolic acids and amygdalin, thereby providing scientific evidence against the application of branch returning for peach trees. Methods One-year-old potted peach tree (Amygdalus persica "Chunmei/Maotao") was used in this study with four agricultural treatments applied, including soil coverage by fragmented peach tree branches (fragment treatment;1.5 and 22.5 g·kg^-1) and applying leachate solutions of peach tree branches to soil (leachate treatment; 1.5 and 22.5 g·kg^-1). No branch addition was used as control (CK). Solid phase extraction, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), biological high-throughput sequencing was used to determine the content of autotoxic substances, and microbial community structure in soil. Soil coverage and leachate solution treatments of 30 g and 450 g branches applied to the peach trees were described as 1.5 and 22.5 g·kg^-1, respectively in this paper.Important findings Compared with CK, the phenolic acid and amygdalin contents significantly increased after both fragment and leachate treatments in high quantities (22.5 g·kg^-1). Soil microbial community structure altered in both treatments, with the proportion of fungi (particularly Agaricomycetes, Tubeufia and Cystofilobasidiaceae) increased significantly and bacteria decreased accordingly. Invertase activity in both high-quantity treatments exceeded that in the CK significantly. The activity of catalase and urease was higher at first and then decreased relative to CK under high-quantity fragment and leachate treatments. Specifically, the effect of leachate treatment on enzyme activity was higher than the fragment treatment in the short term. Chlorophyll content, ground diameter (diameter of 5 cm from the ground) growth and net photosynthesis rate of plants were lower in high-quantity fragment and leachate treatments than those in CK, with earlier retardation of new shoot growth. We observed an increase in soil phenolic acids and enzymes in treatments in normal pruning quantity, while no inhibition effect was found on the tree growth. In conclusion, autotoxins (such as phenolic acid and amygdalin) inhibited the growth of peach trees both directly and indirectly through changing soil enzyme activity and microbial community.     

关注生命预防自杀

随着人类社会的文明和进步，人们清晰地认识到自杀是严重影响经济和社会的重大公共卫生问题，世界卫生组织确定每年的9月10日为“世界预防自杀日”，旨在唤醒全社会来重视自杀行为．及时建立自杀干预机制，预防和减少人类的自杀。进入高自杀率的中国，更应重视自杀原因的分析．干预机制的探索，广泛宣传，让全社会来关注生命，预防自杀，从而持续降低自杀行为的发生频率。     

中国生理学会张锡钧基金会关于召开第九届全国青年优秀生理学学术论文交流会的通知

一、凡1966年1月1日以后出生的中国生理学会专业工作或研究生，以其本人为主在国内完成的系列生理研究论（最好三篇：其中至少两篇已正式发表，一篇已被接受刊登并有证明；或特别优秀的单篇论）已在国内外公开发表的均可推荐，英论务必附详细的中要。     

为生物磁学学术水平进一步提高而奋斗——祝贺《生物磁学》成为中国科技核心期刊

今年初本刊接到科技部通知“经过对期刊多项科学计量指标的综合定量评定及严格的同行专家评议推荐，贵刊被评定为中国科技论统计源期刊(中国科技核心期刊)。”这样，本刊所载论自2004年1月始即被中国科技核心期刊数据库《科技部中国科技论与引数据库(CSTPCD)》收录，在此，我们向一直热情关心和大力支持本刊的广大作、读、专家、编委表示真诚的祝贺和衷心的感谢!     

动态

第三届北京生命科学领域 联合年会在京召开 1月15日,由北京生理科学会、北京生物化学与分子生物学会、北京免疫学会、北京遗传学会、北京神经学会、北京实验动物学学会、北京环境诱变剂学会、北京微生物学会、北京生物工程学会及中华医学会北京消化分会等10个学会共同发起召开的第三届北京生命科学领域联合年会在中关村生物医药园举行。     

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