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目的:采用根癌农杆菌介导的转化方法实现丝状真菌里氏木霉的遗传转化,并优化转化条件.方法:构建含潮霉素抗性基因(hph)的双元载体pCAM-hph后,转化根癌农杆菌LBA4404获得转化菌株.将根癌农杆菌的转化菌株和里氏木霉的分生孢子共培养后在含100μg/mL潮霉素的抗性平板上筛选里氏木霉转化子,并采用PCR扩增和序列测定对转化子中的插入片段进行了分析.结果:使用根癌农杆菌介导的转化方法转化里氏木霉,每106个分生孢子可获得25.8个转化子.最佳的转化条件为:农杆菌初始浓度为OD660约为0.8,孢子数为106个,共培养时间为48h,pH为5.0~5.5,培养温度为28℃.结论:建立了根癌农杆菌介导的里氏木霉转化方法,并获得了最佳的转化条件. 相似文献
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Characterization of Aerosolized Bacteria and Fungi From Desert Dust Events in Mali, West Africa 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6
Christina A. Kellogg Dale W. Griffin Virginia H. Garrison K. Kealy Peak Nelson Royall Raymond R. Smith Eugene A. Shinn 《Aerobiologia》2004,20(2):99-110
Millions of metric tons of African desert dust blow across the Atlantic Ocean each year, blanketing the Caribbean and southeastern United States. Previous work in the Caribbean has shown that atmospheric samples collected during dust events contain living microbes, including plant and opportunistic human pathogens. To better understand the potential downwind public health and ecosystem effects of the dust microbes, it is important to characterize the source population. We describe 19 genera of bacteria and 3 genera of fungi isolated from air samples collected in Mali, a known source region for dust storms, and over which large dust storms travel. 相似文献
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The enigmatic Lower Devonian plant Oocampsa catheta Andrews et al. (Can. J. Bot. 53 (1975) 1719) is considered intermediate between the trimerophytes and progymnosperms. In order to shed light on its evolutionary relationships, the morphology and ultrastructure of its sporangium and spores were analysed using light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, dispersed spores (Grandispora douglastownense McGregor (Palaeontographica B 142 (1973) 1) and Grandispora ?macrotuberculata (Trudy VNIGNI 37 (1963) 18) McGregor (Palaeontographica B 142 (1973) 1), considered to possibly represent forms derived from O. catheta, were also examined. It is concluded that G. douglastownense and G. ?macrotuberculata are probably end members of the same spore complex and most likely are dispersed spores produced by O. catheta. Oocampsa catheta spores are bilayered. An inner body has an innermost part consisting of continuous, parallel-stacked, laminae and an outermost part consisting of more erratic, anastomosing, laminae. The inner body is surrounded by an homogeneous outer layer that is extended at the equator forming a pseudozona, and is folded on the proximal surface forming the trilete mark and on the distal surface forming spinose ornament. The spores are partially camerate. On the inside of the sporangium wall there is a layer probably representing the residue left following degeneration of a (probably secretory) tapetum. Spore morphology, gross structure and wall ultrastructure are compared to that of extant and fossil plant groups, and it is concluded that the spores of O. catheta are highly distinctive and do not conform closely to any plant group, although they show most in common with the spores of the progymnosperms. 相似文献
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Aims: To determine the mechanism of wet heat killing of spores of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium. Methods and Results: Bacillus cereus and B. megaterium spores wet heat‐killed 82–99% gave two bands on equilibrium density gradient centrifugation. The lighter band was absent from spores that were not heat‐treated and increased in intensity upon increased heating times. These spores lacked dipicolinic acid (DPA) were not viable, germinated minimally and had much denatured protein. The spores in the denser band had viabilities as low as 2% of starting spores but retained normal DPA levels and most germinated, albeit slowly. However, these largely dead spores outgrew poorly if at all and synthesized little or no ATP following germination. Conclusions: Wet heat treatment appears to kill spores of B. cereus and B. megaterium by denaturing one or more key proteins, as has been suggested for wet heat killing of Bacillus subtilis spores. Significance and Impact of the Study: This work provides further information on the mechanisms of killing of spores of Bacillus species by wet heat, the most common method for spore inactivation. 相似文献
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孢子在蕨类植物分类及有性生殖过程中具有重要地位, 一般都具有裂缝构造, 常见的是单裂缝和三裂缝, 极少数情况下有多裂缝的变异类型。我们统计了中国蕨类2,281种(含种下单位)的孢子裂缝类型, 来探讨两种不同裂缝类型的分布格局。结果表明: (1)具有单裂缝类型的物种数多于三裂缝类型, 单裂缝与三裂缝物种数目的比值(单/三比)与纬度和海拔呈正相关。随着温度下降以及降水量的降低, 具单裂缝孢子的物种比例增加。推测具单裂缝孢子的蕨类分布范围更广, 更适宜生活在干旱及高纬度或高海拔寒冷地区, 而具三裂缝孢子的蕨类更适宜存在于低纬度或低海拔的温暖地区; (2)蕨类植物孢子裂缝类型不是单次起源, 可能存在平行演化。本研究可以为蕨类植物的起源演化与生态适应等研究提供一定的证据。 相似文献
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