A cherry map from the inter-specific cross Prunus avium ‘Napoleon’ × P. nipponica based on microsatellite, gene-specific and isoenzyme markers

One hundred and sixty microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) and six gene-specific markers revealing 174 loci were scored in 94 seedlings from the inter-specific cross of Prunus avium ‘Napoleon’ × Prunus nipponica accession F1292. The co-segregation data from these markers were used to construct a linkage map for cherry which spanned 680 cM over eight linkage groups with an average marker spacing of 3.9 cM per marker and just six gaps longer than 15 cM. Markers previously mapped in Prunus dulcis ‘Texas’ × Prunus persica ‘Earlygold’ allowed the cherry map to be anchored to the peach × almond map and showed the high level of synteny between the species. Eighty-four loci segregated in P. avium ‘Napoleon’ versus 159 in P. nipponica. The segregations of 32 isoenzyme loci in a subset of 47 seedlings from the progeny were scored, using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and/or isoelectric focusing separation followed by activity staining, and the co-segregation data were analysed along with those for 39 isoenzymes reported previously and for the 174 sequence-tagged site loci plus an additional two SSR loci. The second map incorporates 233 loci and spans 736 cM over eight linkage groups with an average marker spacing of 3.2 cM per marker and just two gaps greater than 15 cM. The microsatellite map will provide a useful tool for cherry breeding and marker-assisted selection and for synteny studies within Prunus; the gene-specific markers and isoenzymes will be useful for comparisons with maps of other rosaceous fruit crops. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

铅胁迫对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及同工酶的影响

采用水培法和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,研究铅胁迫对黄瓜幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及同工酶的影响.结果表明,铅胁迫下黄瓜幼苗地上部POD活性除第5天外均随铅浓度的增加而逐渐降低,POD同工酶谱带和表达量减少.在0～500 mg·L^-1铅浓度范围内,SOD活性随铅浓度的增加而增加,第7天达到最大值后急剧下降,低于同期对照值,900 mg·L^-1铅处理SOD活性随时间的延长逐步降低,SOD酶谱带和表达量与铅浓度呈负相关.CAT酶谱带无明显变化,而表达量存在差异.     

Analysis of the transgenic tobacco plants expressing Panicum miliaceum aspartate aminotransferase genes

 Expression of Panicum miliaceum L. (proso millet) mitochondrial and cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase (mAspAT and cAspAT, respectively) genes in transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) and their influences on protein synthesis were examined. The mAspAT- or cAspAT-transformed plants had about threefold or 3.5-fold higher AspAT activity in the leaf than non-transformed plants, respectively. Interestingly, the leaves of both transformed plants had increased levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and transformed plants with cAspAT also had increased levels of mAspAT in the leaf. These results suggest that the increased expression of Panicum cAspAT in transgenic tobacco enhances the expression of its endogenous mAspAT and PEPC, and the increased expression of Panicum mAspAT enhances the expression of its endogenous PEPC. Received: 6 February 1998 / Revision received: 6 August 1999 · Accepted: 6 September 1999     

不同化学杂交剂(CHA)对小麦花药同工酶影响的研究

在小麦叶枕距±2cm时,喷施4种不同化学杂交剂（CHA）后,分别取小孢子处于不同发育阶段的花药,进行过氧化酶（POD）、淀粉酶（Amy）和酯酶（Est）等同工酶的分析。研究表明：在小孢子母细胞减数分裂期,处理2、3和4三种CHA对POD的A1、A2;B2、B4和B5,C1、C2和C3同工酶带的活性均有明显的抑制作用;处理5除去对A1和A2表现抑制外,对其他酶带的活性均有增强作用。在单枚早期,处理2和3的A、B和C区POD同工酶活性均明显低于对照;处理4和5上述各区POD同工酶活性却明显高于对照。在上述两个发育时期,处理2对Amy1区酶活性有增强作用,而处理3、4和5对该区酶活性却表现了专一性的抑制。各处理对Est同工酶A区和B区的酶活性主要表现为抑制。实验结果表明,不同的CHA均通过干扰花药的物质和能量代谢而导致雄性生理性不育。     

利用同工酶和SDS-PAGE技术对一些兰属(Cymbidium)品种的分析(简报)

利用同工酶和ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ技术对兰属（Ｃｙｍｂｉｄｉｕｍ）５个种和２个变种的１１个品种进行了分类研究,酯酶和细胞色素氧化酶的同工酶共出现２４条带,其中２３条具有多态性;ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ有３０条带,其中２５条带为多态性。根据同工酶和ＳＤＳ－蛋白质标记进行聚类分析,生化水平与传统的形态学分类结果基本一致,但某些兰属品种的分类地位与传统的分类有一些差异。     

国内不同地区恶性疟原虫分离株间几种生物学特性的比较研究

本文报道海南岛与苏皖地区恶性疟原虫分离株在体外连续培养中生长特征、药敏性、同工酶谱、表面抗原等方面的比较研究。海南岛两株原虫适应体外培养的速度及增殖率均明显高于苏皖两株原虫,但后者产生配子体的能力较强。体外微量药效测定显示,海南岛两株均表现对氯喹有高度抗性,而苏皖两株则均为敏感株,此外不同原虫分离株在同工酶谱及单克隆抗体间接荧光试验中亦可显示明显的株间差异。文章对恶性疟原虫种内不同虫株间生物学特性的差异进行了讨论。     

Immunocharacterization of δ- and ζ-isoenzymes of protein kinase C in rat renal mesangial cells

The isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) present in rat mesangial cells were identified by immunoblot analysis with antibody raised against isotype-specific peptides. In addition to the previously observed - and -subspecies, mesangial cells also express the δ- and ζ-isoenzymes of PKC. On exposure to phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) a complete depletion of PKC-δ is observed within 8 h. Removal of PDB results in a recovery of PKC-δ. In contrast, PKC-ζ is unaffected by addition or removal of PDB.     

不同活力花生种子子叶内肽酶活性及花生球蛋白的降解

花生种子人工劣变后活力下降,子叶内肽酶活性降低,花生球蛋白降解速率减慢。内肽酶同工酶也发生变化,种子在劣变过程中可能诱导新内肽酶产生。     

Heterogeneity among zymodemes of Leishmania infantum from HIV-positive patients with visceral leishmaniasis in south Italy

Abstract Eleven zymodemes of Leishmania infantum were identified among 38 parasite stocks isolated from Italian HIV-positive patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Only one zymodeme is a common agent of Mediterranean VL in HIV-negative individuals, five zymodemes usually cause simple, self-resolving cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and five belong to unique genotypes which have not been previously reported from either VL or CL cases in immunocompetent individuals. This last group of parasites showed reassortaient patterns within electromorphs frequently observed in dermotropic L. infantum zymodemes. The highest zymodeme heterogeneity was found in south Italy (Sicily), with six zymodemes identified among 12 HIV-positive patients surveyed.