脉冲耦合神经网络的并行加速优化算法研究

并行编程技术可以有效提高算法的执行效率。文中分别利用CPU的单指令多数据流扩展指令集（Streaming SIMD Extensions,SSE）技术和多核并行编程技术,对脉冲耦合神经网络（Pulse Coupled Neural Network,PCNN）分割算法进行并行编程优化,以减少算法的运行时间。实验结果表明,SSE技术以及多核并行编程技术大大加快了PCNN分割算法的运行速度,有效提高了算法的执行效率,在一定程度上解决了该方法计算量大、耗时多的问题,具有应用于医学图像处理的潜在价值。     

G蛋白偶联受体及其类型的预测

G蛋白偶联受体是非常重要的信号分子受体,其功能失调会导致许多疾病的产生。在前期工作的基础上,作者将序列特征分析与支持向量机技术结合起来,通过分析序列的特征差异,对G蛋白偶联受体分子及其类型进行识别。首次提取了G蛋白偶联受体对应的mRNA序列的绝对密码子使用频率作为特征,这主要因为它既包含了基因密码子使用偏性的信息,也包含了基因所编码蛋白的氨基酸组成信息。结果显示：在G蛋白偶联受体序列及其类型预测的问题中,设计支持向量机分类器时,最好选择使用包含基因序列绝对密码子使用频率和蛋白序列双联氨基酸使用频率两部分信息的组合特征作为特征,同时采用径向基核作为核函数。     

蛋白质-核酸复合物界面氨基酸与核苷酸偏好性分析

蛋白质-核酸相互作用机制到目前还不是很清楚,尤其是蛋白质与RNA的相互作用。目前,可得到的蛋白质-核酸复合物结构数据不断增多,作者收集了Protein Data Bank数据库中所有的蛋白质-核酸复合物结构数据,对复合物中结合残基和结合核苷酸的偏好性进行了统计分析。发现：1）不同功能的蛋白质-核酸复合物间的结合残基数量存在显著差异;2）在蛋白 质-DNA和蛋白质-RNA复合物界面,碱性氨基酸都是最受欢迎的;3）氨基酸的极性大小及方向在决定它是否与RNA分子进行结合时起到重要的作用,同时发现氨基酸侧链形成的空间位阻会影响氨基酸残基与RNA分子的相互作用;4）随着定义结合残基距离阈值的增大,其氨基酸使用的特异性降低,而受欢迎与不受欢迎的氨基酸种类均没有变化。     

Pre-admission statin use and in-hospital severity of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) disease

Background

Statins are drugs that are used to lower plasma cholesterol levels. Recently, contradictory claims have been made about possible additional effects of statins on progression of a variety of inflammatory disorders, including infections. We therefore examined the clinical course of patients admitted to hospital with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1), who were or weren''t taking statins at time of admission.

Methods

A retrospective case-control study was performed using the United Kingdom Influenza Clinical Information Network (FLU-CIN) database, containing detailed information on 1,520 patients admitted to participating hospitals with confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) infection between April 2009 and January 2010. We confined our analysis to those aged over 34 years. Univariate analysis was used to calculate unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95%CI) for factors affecting progression to severe outcome (high dependency or intensive care unit level support) or death (cases); two multivariable logistic regression models were then established for age and sex, and for age, sex, obesity and “indication for statin” (e.g., heart disease or hypercholesterolaemia).

Results

We found no statistically significant association between pre-admission statin use and severity of outcome after adjustment for age and sex [adjusted OR: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.46–1.38); n = 571]. After adjustment for age, sex, obesity and indication for statin, the association between pre-admission statin use and severe outcome was not statistically significant; point estimates are compatible with a small but clinically significant protective effect of statin use [adjusted OR: 0.72 (95% CI: 0.38–1.33)].

Conclusions

In this group of patients hospitalized with pandemic influenza, a significant beneficial effect of pre-admission statin use on the in-hospital course of illness was not identified. Although the database from which these observations are derived represents the largest available suitable UK hospital cohort, a larger study would be needed to confirm whether there is any benefit in this setting.     

Function of attention in learning process in the olfactory bulb

Biological experiments[1—8] have shown that in the olfactory bulb, odor information is encoded into spatio-temporal patterns and processed in multi-channels. In the bulb, the information is divided into basic information and fine information, which are encoded into average spiking frequency (long-term pattern) and synchronization of spikes[1—8] respectively. Compared with other structures in which information is encoded into spatio-temporal patterns, the olfactory bulb抯 structure is rather …     

基于EMD的左右手运动想象脑电信号分析研究

基于经验模态分解（EMD）理论,提出一种左右手运动想象脑电信号分析方法。首先利用时间窗对脑电信号数据进行划分,对每段数据通过经验模态分解法将其分解为一组固有模态函数IMF,提取主要信号所在的IMF层去除信号中的噪声。对含有主要信号的几层IMF进行Hilbert变换,得到瞬时频率与对应的瞬时幅值。再提取左右手想象的特定频段mu节律和beta节律的能量信号作为特征,分别利用支持向量机（SVM）和Fisher进行了分类比较。对EMD和小波包在去噪和特征提取进行了比较。结果表明,EMD是一种很有效的去噪方法,经过EMD分解后提取的能量信号在区分左右手想象上更具有优势,识别率高。     

乳腺肿瘤超声图像形态特征参数分析

乳腺肿瘤超声图像的形态特征对判别肿瘤的良恶性具有重要的价值,在前人工作的基础上本文对形状因子,纵横比,成角分叶等几个形态特征参数进行详细的分析与比较,在一定程度上提高了相应参数的特异性和敏感度,将这些性能较好的参数与其他一些检测手段相结合,对于建立性能较好的乳腺癌计算机辅助识别系统有积极的意义。     

Estimating Stem Volume Using QuickBird Imagery and Allometric Relationships for Open Populus xiaohei Plantations

There has been a great deal of interest in studying the crown of trees using remote sensing data.In this study,crownwidth was extracted from high-resolution QuickBird images for open Populus xiaohei plantations.Regression modelsfor predicting the individual stem volumes of Populus xiaohei were established using extracted crown width,as well asestimated tree parameters(i.e.diameter at breast height[DBH]and tree height)as predictors.Our results indicated thatcrown width could be accurately extracted from QuickBird images using a multi-scale segmentation approach with a meanrelative error of 5.74%,especially for wide-spacing stands.Using either extracted crown width alone or with estimatedDBH and tree height can successfully estimate individual stem volume of Populus xiaohei with the R~2 value ranging from0.87 to 0.92 depending on different model forms.In particular,the two second-order polynomial models(model2 andmodel 6),based on QuickBird image-derived crown widths and estimated DBH and tree heights,respectively,were the bestat describing the relationship between stem volume and tree characteristics.     

Performance evaluation of IVC systems

An expert Working Group was set up in December 2000 to develop recommendations for users and industry on the evaluation of proper function and operation of individually ventilated cage (IVC) systems. The full report of their recommendations is in two parts--'Part 1: Test Instructions' and 'Part 2: Evaluation Criteria'--both of which have been published in full on the Laboratory Animals Ltd website. They can be found at http://www.lal.org.uk/IVC/index.html. Evaluation of and feedback on the recommendations to further refine their use and scientific basis is encouraged. This Summary Report provides a brief overview of the background to the development of the full report and the issues it addresses.     

Arsenic trioxide promotes mitochondrial DNA mutation and cell apoptosis in primary APL cells and NB4 cell lines

This study aimed to investigate the effects of arsenic trioxide(As2O3) on the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) of acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL) cells.The NB4 cell line was treated with 2.0 μmol/L As2O3 in vitro,and the primary APL cells were treated with 2.0 μmol/L As2O3 in vitro and 0.16 mg kg-1 d-1 As2O3 in vivo.The mitochondrial DNA of all the cells above was amplified by PCR,directly sequenced and analyzed by Sequence Navigatore and Factura software.The apoptosis rates were assayed by flow cytometry.Mitochondrial DNA mutation in the D-loop region was found in NB4 and APL cells before As2O3 use,but the mutation spots were remarkably increased after As2O3 treatment,which was positively correlated to the rates of cellular apoptosis,the correlation coefficient:rNB4-As2O3=0.973818,and rAPL-As2O3=0.934703.The mutation types include transition,transversion,codon insertion or deletion,and the mutation spots in all samples were not constant and regular.It is revealed that As2O3 aggravates mtDNA mutation in the D-loop region of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells both in vitro and in vivo.Mitochondrial DNA might be one of the targets of As2O3 in APL treatment.