Effect of methylglyoxal on tumour microtubular protein

Methylglyoxal inhibits cell division, exerting an antiproliferative action on tumour cells. Supernatants from ascites hepatoma cell homogenate, previously incubated with the aldehyde, showed a decrease in colchicine binding activity dependent on methylglyoxal concentration. In contrast, in vivo treatment of tumour-bearing rats apparently did not cause a significant impairment of microtubular protein, suggesting that the aldehyde interaction with microtubules cannot be considered responsible for its carcinostatic action.     

Effect of chronic colchicine administration on the myocardium of the aging spontaneously hypertensive rat

Colchicine has been demonstrated to suppress the release of fibroblast growth factors, retard collagen formation and augment collagenase activity. Trials with colchicine in patients with hepatic fibrosis have suggested clinical benefit. The development of impaired myocardial function in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is associated with a marked increase in myocardial fibrosis. The present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that chronic colchicine administration to the SHR would prevent the development of fibrosis and impaired myocardial performance.Colchicine (1 mg/l drinking water) was administered to male SHR and WKY rats from at age 13 months until 24 months or until evidence of heart failure was observed. Age-matched untreated SHR and colchicine treated and untreated WKY served as controls. At study, active and passive properties of isolated left ventricular muscle preparations were determined. Myocardial fibrosis was assessed by measuring hydroxyproline and histologic determination of interstitial cross-sectional area. Increases in LV hydroxyproline and interstitial area were found in untreated SHR relative to WKY; passive myocardial stiffness was increased and active muscle properties were depressed. In comparing colchicine treated vs untreated SHR, no differences in hydroxyproline, interstitial area or intrinsic myocardial function were found. In the WKY, colchicine increased myocardial interstitium and passive stiffness without changing hydroxyproline. Active myocardial function was not depressed.Thus, chronic colchicine administration neither attenuated the development of interstitial fibrosis nor prevented impaired myocardial function in the SHR. Colchicine treatment was associated with increased interstitium in WKY with increased passive myocardial stiffness. (Mol Cell Biochem 166: 45-54, 1997)     

化学辅助去核法对绵羊卵母细胞去核率和重构胚发育率的影响

为提高绵羊体细胞核移植的效率,本研究采用一种新的去核方法—化学辅助去核法,对绵羊体外成熟的卵母细胞进行去核,研究了化学诱导剂秋水仙素的处理浓度、作用时间、卵母细胞的成熟时间对去核效果及重构胚发育的影响。结果表明:1)卵母细胞在0.4μg/mL的秋水仙素溶液中分别孵育0.5h和1h,胞质突起率和去核率没有显著的差异,突起率可高达85.4%,去核率达到100%;2)0.2μg/mL或0.4μg/mL秋水仙素溶液将卵母细胞处理0.5h,对去核效果没有显著影响;3)对于体外成熟18～23h的卵母细胞,随着成熟时间的延长,盲吸法的去核率降低,但没有影响秋水仙素诱导胞质突起的比率和去核率;4)两种去核方法对重构胚的发育没有产生显著影响,但成熟21～23h卵母细胞重构胚囊胚的发育率显著高于成熟18～20h卵母细胞重构胚囊胚的发育率。综上所述,本试验优化了绵羊卵母细胞化学辅助的去核程序,利用化学辅助去核法对高卵龄的绵羊卵母细胞进行去核,提高了去核率和重构胚的体外发育率。     

秋水仙碱与胰蛋白酶相互作用的光谱性质研究

采用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了秋水仙碱与牛胰蛋白酶的相互作用。观测到秋水仙碱使胰蛋白酶的特征荧光峰猝灭。SternVolmer猝灭曲线显示,秋水仙碱对胰蛋白酶的荧光猝灭机制属于静态猝灭,猝灭常数Kq为6.60×1012(mol/L)1·s1;秋水仙碱与胰蛋白酶的结合常数为1.06×104L·mol1,结合位点数为1,作用力类型主要为疏水作用力。     

红豆杉离体细胞四倍体的诱导

细胞大规模培养被认为是目前生产紫杉醇最有希望的替代途径之一,获得更高产的细胞系,可降低细胞大规模培养生产紫杉醇的成本,加速其产业化进程。药用植物多倍体与二倍体相比具有根,茎,叶和花果的巨型性,抗逆性强,次生代谢产物含量提高等特性。本研究通过同步化培养和秋水仙素诱导处理,成功建立了红豆杉四倍体细胞系并且经过7个周期的继代证明了该细胞系的稳定性。结果显示,用浓度为750mg/L的秋水仙素处理3d可以得到稳定传代的四倍体细胞系,其四倍体细胞比例稳定在62.5%。进一步对其次生代谢产物紫杉醇的检测显示该四倍体细胞比对照二倍体细胞具有更高的合成紫杉醇的能力。     

南丹参离体快速繁殖与多倍体诱导

MS附加 6 BA 2 .0mg·L-1和IAA 0 .2mg·L-1的培养基上诱导南丹参丛生芽的频率最高 (达 10 0 % ) ,每一丛生芽数达 2 0～ 30个 ,移栽成活率 90 %。MS附加 6 BA 2 .0mg·L-1和 2 ,4 D 0 .2mg·L-1培养基上 ,叶缘及叶柄上长出绿芽或浅褐色愈伤组织 ,经多次继代仍具有分化植株能力。多倍体诱导以秋水仙碱 15mg·L-1处理愈伤组织和预培养 1周 ,处理时间 1周的叶片诱导效果较好 ,加倍率可达 33.33% ,且多数为整株加倍。加倍植株叶片较肥厚宽大、皱折增多、色深、根粗壮 ,气孔比二倍体明显增大 ,染色体数为 2 8～ 32条不等 ,其中可见部分为同源四倍体     

In Vitro Organogenetic Responses of Gloriosa superba

An efficient protocol was developed for regeneration of healthy plant derived from six categories of explants from both in vivo and in vitro raised plants, viz. roots, corm buds (dormant and nondormant), young leaves, stems, pedicels, and shoot tips from aerial shoots. MS medium supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of auxin, cytokinin, and organic acids was used. 98% of callus induction occurred in nondormant corm bud explants. The greatest number of multiple shoots (57) was observed in corm-derived calluses. Vigorous root formation occurred in all cases when multiple shoots were derived. Histomorphogenetic studies revealed that not only the origin of shoot and root buds in in vitro systems, but the morphology and structure of leaves resemble those of in vivo plants too.     

秋水仙素诱导牛蒡多倍体

用种子处理法,以秋水仙素作为诱导剂,获得了牛蒡的同源四倍体(2n=4x=72),同时还得到了一些八倍体(2n=8x=144)和非整倍体植株.     

秋水仙素诱导新疆一枝蒿多倍体

以茎段浸泡法和培养基培养法诱导新疆一枝蒿多倍体的结果表明,茎段浸泡法的诱导效果比较好,其中以0．2％秋水仙素浸泡茎段1d的处理效果最好,多倍体诱导率达27．3％。