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101.
102.
103.
During one growing period, 5-year-old spruce trees (Picea abies L., Karst.) were exposed in environmental chambers to elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide (750 cm3 m?3) and ozone (008 cm3 m?3) as single variables or in combination. Control concentrations of the gases were 350cm3 m?3CO2 and 0.02 cm3 m ?3 ozone. To investigate whether an elevated CO2 concentration can prevent adverse ozone effects by reducing oxidative stress, the activities of the protective enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase were determined. Furthermore, shoot biomass, pigment and protein contents of two needle age classes were investigated. Ozone caused pigment reduction and visible injury in the previous year's needles and growth reduction in the current year's shoots. In the presence of elevated concentrations of ozone and CO2, growth reduction in the current year's shoots was prevented, but emergence of visible damage in the previous year's needles was only delayed and pigment reduction was still found. Elevated concentrations of ozone or CO2 as single variables caused a significant reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the current year's needles. Minimum activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and decreased peroxidase activities were found in both needle age classes from spruce trees grown at enhanced concentrations of both CO2 and ozone. These results suggest a reduced tolerance to oxidative stress in spruce trees under conditions of elevated concentrations of both CO2 and ozone. 相似文献
104.
Joan G. Fischer Randall L. Tackett E. W. Howerth Mary Ann Johnson 《Biological trace element research》1993,37(2-3):233-251
The hypothesis that copper (Cu) alters drug metabolizing enzymes and functions as an antioxidant nutrient in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity
was tested. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed Cu adequate (+Cu; 5 mg Cu/kg of diet), marginally Cu deficient (MCu; 1.2 mg Cu/kg of diet), or severely Cu deficient (−Cu; 0.5 mg Cu/kg of diet) diets for 6 wk. Doxorubicin (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg body wt) or saline were administered intraperitoneally
1 time/wk for 4 wk. Compared to control hearts, Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase activity was decreased by 9% in MCu rats and by
21–40% in−Cu rats. Glutathione peroxidase activity was elevated 5–15% in−Cu rats. Doxorubicin administration increased heart Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase activity in+Cu and−Cu rats 18 h after the last of 4 injections, but not 18 h after 1 injection. There was no synergism between doxorubicin and
Cu deficiency on lipid peroxidation, plasma creatine phosphokinase, cardiac hypertrophy, electrocardiographic abnormalities,
or morphological changes. Heart glutathione S-transferase activity was decreased by Cu deficiency, and like Cu, Zn superoxide
dismutase activity, returned to normal in−Cu rats given doxorubicin. Thus, the Cu deficient rat heart may be able to compensate for doxorubicin-induced oxidant stress
by increasing the activity of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase. 相似文献
106.
Abstraction of oxygen from the HRP enhanced chemiluminescence system has no significant effect on the chemiluminescence generated. It is, therefore, proposed that in the peroxidase-luminol-perborate system at pH 7.3, chemiluminescence is generated by a direct reaction of diazaquinones with hydrogen peroxide and not, as generally assumed, from the reaction of luminol radicals with the molecular oxygen. 相似文献
107.
枸杞果实Fe-SOD粗提液经硫酸铵盐析、离子交换柱层析及凝胶过滤,纯化到电泳单班点均一程度。纯化的Fe-SOD分子量为44.6kD,亚基分子量为22.0kD。金属元素分析表明,每分子酸含1个Fe原子。该酶在紫外区最大吸收值为278um。H2O2明显抑制该酶活性,KCN对酶活性无影响。该酶氨基酸组成与高等植物和蓝绿藻的Fe-SOD相似,但它具有较高甘氨酸,酸性氨基酸与碱性氨基酸比值高于高等植物而与低等植物及原核生物相近。 相似文献
108.
白及块茎铜,锌超氧物歧化酶的纯化及其性质 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
白及(Bleillastriata(Thunb.)Reichb.f.)的SOD同工酶只有一条较宽的谱带,确认为Cu·Zn-SOD。其块茎SOD总活性和比活性都高,且含有丰富的白及胶;经丙酮分级沉淀,SephadexG100凝胶过滤和DEAE-纤维素柱层析分离纯化,获得对CN ̄-敏感的淡兰色Cu·ZnSoD粉末。在凝胶电泳染色图谱上,纯化后的酶与粗酶液的SOD区带相对应,且其酶活性染色带与蛋白染色带位置对应,表明已纯化到均一程度。该酶分子量约33KD,亚基分子量约为16.4KD;紫外光区的吸收峰在264.6nm,等电聚焦电泳呈现一条蛋白区带,pH值在4.35左右;该酶在pH6.0~10.0,温度在50℃范围内具稳定性。纯化后的酶为4563.2u/mg·蛋白,纯化了51倍,活力回收为22.3%。上述酶没有过氧化氢酶活性。提取过程中还得到高质量的副产品白及胶。 相似文献
109.
用四氮唑蓝光化学还原法对所合成的KCu(IDA)(Ser)·2H2O、KCu(IDA)(Ala)·H2O、Cu(IDA)(en)、KCu(IDA)(Gly)·H2O和Cu(IDA)·2H2O(IDA=N(羧基甲基)-甘氨酸,Ser=丝氨酸,Ala=丙氨酸,en=乙二胺,Gly=甘氨酸)等5种氨基酸─铜(Ⅱ)配合物进行了活性测定,发现它们均具有天然超氧化物歧化酶活性,其活性依次为0.34、0.45、0.50、0.54、0.72Cuμmol·L-1。 相似文献
110.
Benzene is strongly suspected of being an animal and human carcinogen, but the mechanisms by which it induces tumors of lymphoid and hematopoietic organs are unknown. Production of active oxygen species from benzene metabolites [hydroquinone (HQ), catechol and 1,2,4-benzenetriol (1,2,4-BT) and related polyphenols (resorcinol, pyrogallol and phloroglucinol) are investigated. Pyrogallol and 1,2,4-BT can produce H2O2, O
2
–
and·OH simultaneously, and have powerful mutagenic potential. Resorcinol and phloroglucinol cannot produce all of the active oxygen species, and show no mutagenic effects. Catechol can produce H2O2, but cannot produce O
2
–
and·OH, and has no mutagenic activity. These data strongly support the hypothesis that benzene metabolites can cause mutagenicity via the generation of oxygen radicals. Although HQ produces H2O2 only, and less than produced by pyrogallol and 1,2,4-BT, the mutagenicity of HQ is higher. The results indicate that HQ may act via another mechanism to cause mutagenicity. In the presence of trace metal ions, the reactivity of polyphenols is increased. The biological significance of these phenomena are investigated and discussed. 相似文献