Bio-Plex悬浮芯片系统检测两种实验兔白介素基因的差异表达

目的采用液相悬浮芯片系统同时测定实验兔圆小囊中IL-1β、IL-1R1、IL=8、IL-8RA和IL=15各基因的表达情况,并对该方法进行评价。方法利用Affymetrix的Panomics QuantiGene Plex2．0Assay中bDNA信号放大和多磁珠分析技术,来同时检测两种实验兔圆小囊中多重mRNA并定量。建立实验兔免疫相关白介素基因的液相悬浮芯片检测方法。结果可同时检测IL-1β、IL=1R1、IL-8、IL=8RA和IL-15各基因的含量,并发现WHBE兔IL-15基因的相对表达量显著高于JW兔（P〈0．05）,IL-1R1基因的相对表达量显著高于JW兔（P〈0．01）,IL-8RA基因在WHBE兔中的相对表达量也高于JW兔（P〈0．05）。结论建立了实验兔白介素基因的液相悬浮芯片检测方法,WHBE兔的IL-15、IL-1R1和IL-8RA基因表达量较高,可能与WHBE兔独特的免疫学特性有关。     

稻草还田方式对双季水稻产量和土壤碳库管理指数的影响

采用田间定位试验,设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、稻草切碎全量还田+化肥(SNPK)和稻草全部烧灰还田+化肥(SINPK)4个处理,研究不同稻草还田方式对双季稻产量和土壤碳素形态、碳库管理指数的影响.结果表明:2010—2011年两年四季的水稻平均产量SNPK与SINPK处理基本持平,但均显著高于NPK处理,增幅为5.7%～7.3%.与NPK和SINPK相比,SNPK能显著提高早稻产量,增幅在3.8%～8.8%.与单施化肥和稻草烧灰还田相比,SNPK提高了土壤不同形态碳素含量和碳库管理指数,总有机碳、活性碳、矿化碳和碳库管理指数分别提高了1.8%～2.0%、5.9%～6.5%、16.0%～41.6%和7.3%～7.8%.土壤碳库管理指数与早、晚稻产量呈显著抛物线关系,相关系数分别为0.999和0.980.SNPK能显著提高翌年早稻产量及土壤不同形态碳素含量和碳库管理指数.     

Raf激酶抑制蛋白的研究进展

Raf激酶抑制蛋白(RKIP)是磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白家族的成员。RKIP通过与Raf-1结合,抑制了Ras/Raf-1/MEK/ERK信号转导通路,并在NF-κB及G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)信号转导通路中也起重要调节作用。RKIP参与细胞凋亡、肿瘤转移、神经发育以及精子发生等病理生理过程,通过研究RKIP能为治疗相关疾病提供新思路新靶点。本文主要介绍RKIP的生物功能,着重于其在神经系统、肿瘤和生殖系统中的研究进展。     

脂肪酸合成系统潜能的挖掘与释放

在全球石油资源不断减少和温室气体不断积累的情况下,急需发展可再生燃料能源及各种生物化工原料和产品。基于该目的,能够生产高能量密度液体生物燃料和高附加值化工品的微生物脂肪酸合成系统备受关注。首先介绍了大肠杆菌脂肪酸代谢系统的组成,然后详细总结了通过改造脂肪酸代谢途径生产脂肪酸以及脂肪酸衍生物的最新研究进展,并介绍了利用体外重建体系来研究脂肪酸合成途径对该系统进行深入挖掘,以及根据得到的信息指导体内脂肪酸途径的改造来释放脂肪酸合成系统的潜能。     

The biological control of Pomacea canaliculata population by rice-duck mutualism in paddy fields

Duck has been used as a non-chemical control method against Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck, but little is known about its principles that underlie the control of snail populations. An indoor experiment was initially used to observe the predation potential of ducks, followed by replicated field trials. In the indoor studies, ducks effectively preyed on juvenile snails, but had a weak predatory effect on large snails and egg clusters. In the field, application of a rice-duck mutualism system significantly reduced the numbers of snails (especially number of immature individuals), number of snail egg clusters and snail damage to rice plants. The controlling effect was longer and more stable than the chemical application, resulting in a better yield than with the pentachlorophenol sodium and tea seed powder treatment. Our experimental results also suggested that the snail age structure in the rice-duck mutualism plots was shifted towards older snails by ducks preying, indicating a trend towards population decline, and ducks caused snails to oviposit on sites not ideal for hatchling establishment. Throughout the studies, it is suggested that a rice-duck mutualism system could be used for controlling P. canaliculata in organic rice production.     

Magnolol inhibits colonic motility through down-regulation of voltage-sensitive L-type Ca2+ channels of colonic smooth muscle cells in rats

This study aimed to investigate the effect of magnolol (5,5′-diallyl-2,2′-biphenyldiol) on contraction in distal colonic segments of rats and the underlying mechanisms. Colonic segments were mounted in organ baths for isometric force measurement. Whole-cell voltage-sensitive L-type Ca²⁺ currents were recorded on isolated single colonic smooth muscle cells using patch-clamp technique. The spontaneous contractions and acetylcholine (ACh)- and Bay K 8644-induced contractions were inhibited by magnolol (3–100 μM). In the presence of Bay K8644 (100 nM), magnolol (10–100 μM) inhibited the contraction induced by 10 μM ACh. By contrast, tetrodotoxin (100 nM) and N_ώ-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME 100 μM) did not change the inhibitory effect of magnolol (10 μM). In addition, magnolol (3–100 μM) inhibited the L-type Ca²⁺ currents. The present results suggest that magnolol inhibits colonic smooth muscle contraction through downregulating L-type Ca²⁺ channel activity.     

A direct comparison of exogenous and endogenous inhibition of return and selective attention mechanisms in the somatosensory system

The interaction of excitation and inhibition in responses due to attentional mechanisms in the visual system has been investigated. The studies reported herein use the tactile system of humans to test a specific hypothesis about the processes of attention that have never been directly addressed. Both exogenous and endogenous Inhibition of Return (IOR) reaction-time paradigms with a 100?Hz, 35?µm of peak displacement amplitude were used. In these experiments multiple Stimulus Onset Asynchronies were tested which made it difficult for subjects to learn timing patterns. We tested whether a detection time to a target which is to be attended to is a composite of at least two underlying mechanisms. These mechanisms were explored using exogenous and endogenous IOR experiments. It is hypothesized that these mechanisms work in a push–pull fashion: one deploying attention when new events occur, and the other withdrawing attention (“Disengagement”) after it has been deployed. Based on the results, a new hypothesis is proposed stating that one form of attention (selective attention) competes with IOR in determining the time taken to detect a target in the tactile system.     

Antibacterial Agents that Inhibit Histidine Protein Kinase YycG of Bacillus subtilis

We demonstrated in vitro that YycG-YycF of Bacillus subtillis constitutes a two-component system and shows a specificity of the sensor protein for the cognate phosphorylation partner. Based on inhibition of such an autophosphorylation of YycG, we searched imidazole and zerumbone derivatives to identify the antibacterial agents such as NH125, NH126, NH127, and NH0891.     

Xylitol Production by an Enterobacter Species

A xylose-utilizing bacterial strain was isolated from soil.

The strain, No. 553, was identified as Enterobacter liquefaciens from the result of the taxonomical studies. This bacterium grew well on D-xylose as a sole carbon source and accumulated pentitol extracellularly in shaking culture.

Pentitol produced was isolated from the culture broth and identified as xylitol.

The xylitol production reached the maximum after the cessation of the cell growth with a yield of 33.3 mg per ml in a medium containing 10% D-xylose as a sole carbon source and no significant decline of the amount of xylitol was observed through the period of the cultivation.     

A Phytotoxin,Betaenone C,and Its Related Metabolites of Phoma betae Fr

For rough quantitative analysis of genetically modified maize contents, rapid methods for measurement of the copy numbers of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter region (P35S) and MON810 construct-specific gene (MON810) using a combination of a capillary-type real-time PCR system with a plasmid DNA were established. To reduce the characteristic differences between the plasmid DNA and genomic DNA, we showed that pretreatment of the extracted genomic DNA by a combination of sonication and restriction endonuclease digestion before measurement is effective. The accuracy and reproducibility of this method for MON810 content (%) at a level of 5.0% MON810 mixed samples were within a range from 4.26 to 5.11% in the P35S copy number quantification. These methods should prove to be a useful tool to roughly quantify GM maize content.