Screening filamentous fungi isolated from estuarine sediments for the ability to oxidize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Nineteen filamentous fungi, isolated from estuarine sediments in Brazil, were screened for degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The fungal isolates were incubated with pyrene. The cultures were extracted and metabolites in the extracts were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and u.v. spectral analyses. Six fungi were selected for further studies using [4,5,9,10-¹⁴C]pyrene. Cyclothyrium sp., Penicillium simplicissimum, Psilocybe sp., and a sterile mycelium demonstrated the ability to transform pyrene. Cyclothyrium sp. was the most efficient fungus, transforming 48% of pyrene to pyrene trans-4,5-dihydrodiol, pyrene-1,6-quinone, pyrene-1,8-quinone and 1-hydroxypyrene. This fungus was also evaluated with a synthetic mixture of PAH. After 192 h of incubation, Cyclothyrium sp. was able to degrade simultaneously 70, 74, 59 and 38% of phenanthrene, pyrene, anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene, respectively.     

天然药物对血链球菌生长和产酸影响的体外研究

目的：通过研究不同天然药物对血链球菌生长及产酸的影响,为今后筛选出能有效调理口腔菌群生态平衡的药物奠定基础。方法：选用变形链球菌SB179作为实验菌株,测定川芎,血藤,五倍子等11种天然药物的最低抑菌浓度MIC,再以低于MIC的4个浓度配制含药的TPY液体培养基,调定其初始pH为7．4,接种血链球菌,厌氧培养后测定其终末pH,结果：当药物浓度低于或等于8．000mg/ml时,各天然药物对血链球菌的生长均有一定的抑制作用,且以五倍子作用较强,槟榔,茶多酚,蜂房,大黄,三七,血藤,白芷对血链球菌的产酸具有一定的抑制能力,而黄芩,川芎,五倍子和儿茶没有明显的抑制作用,结论：槟榔,茶多酚,蜂房,大黄,三七,血藤和白芷对血链球菌的生长和产酸都有一定的抑制作用.     

抑制花生四烯酸代谢活性中药研究现状

全面系统地整理了国内外关于通过抑制花生四烯酸代谢活性所进行的抗血栓、抗动脉硬化中药筛选的研究现状,其中包括黄酮、香豆素、生物碱、有机酸、糖等类物质。     

天目当归的花粉形态和染色体数及其与近缘种的亲缘关系

首次报道了染色体高多倍性种天目当归（Angelica tianmuensis Z.H.Pan et T.D.Zhuang)的染色体数（n=55）及花粉形态。通过与近缘种拐芹（A.polymorpha Maxim.）、曲柄当归（A.genuflexa Nutt.)和重齿当归[A.biserrata(shan et Yuan)Yuan et Shan]花粉形态的比较,在赤道区外壁纹类型相似性程度的基础上,结合外部形态,明显看出赤道区纹饰为脑纹-网状的天止当归与具有近脑纹-网状纹饰的曲柄当归似有较密切的亲缘关系,与具有拟脑纹-网状纹饰的拐芹和重齿当归关系稍远。     

营养素和医药

有机体用营养素来维持自己的正常生活,用医药来调节它们的代谢失衡状态.某种有机体营养素种类和数量同此有机体的进化程度呈正相关.从某种意义上说,医药是准营养素,如不加限制地使用,可能会变成营养素,而转基因技术有可能推进这一过程.     

Towards the scientific validation of traditional medicinal plants

A large proportion of the population of developing countries usestraditional medicine alone, or in combination with Western drugs to treat awide variety of ailments. There has seldom been effective collaborationbetween the traditional and Western medical practitioners, largely due tothe perception that the use of traditional and herbal medicines has noscientific basis. With the renewed interest from Western countries in herbalremedies, and the increasingly urgent need to develop new effective drugs,traditionally used medicinal plants have recently received the attention ofthe pharmaceutical and scientific communities. This involves the isolationand identification of the secondary metabolites produced by the plants andused as the active principles in medical preparations. Research into thescientific validation of southern African medicinal plants used in thetreatment of pain and inflammation, hypertension and parasitic diseasesincluding those with anthelmintic, anti-amoebic, anti-bacterial and anti-bilharzia activity, is the current focus of studies conducted at the ResearchCentre for Plant Growth and Development.     

植物数量性状遗传体系检测中回交或自交家系重复试验数据的分析方法

为提高主基因 多基因混合遗传分析的精度 ,降低试验误差 ,采用重复内分组随机区组设计 ,对低遗传力性状的B1∶2 和B2∶2 或F2∶3 家系平均数资料进行遗传分析。通过AIC准则和适合性检验比较无主基因 (A - 0 )、1对主基因 (A)、2对主基因 (B)、多基因 (C)、1对主基因 多基因 (D)和 2对主基因 多基因 (E)模型以鉴定其遗传模式。采用IECM算法估计混合模型参数。通过油菜HSTC14×宁油 7号初花期F2∶3 家系平均数资料阐明该方法。     

医学免疫学中西医融合教学的设计与实施

中医药在防治新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠"肺炎)上发挥了重要作用,与西医形成优势互补,促进了中医药创新发展,也是中医药人才培养的创新模式.为探索融入防治"新冠"肺炎中医药技术的医学免疫学中西医融合教学的设计及实施效果,以包头医学院2019级中医学专业一个班为研究对象,融合《医学免疫学》教材内容、中医药防治新型冠状病毒肺...     

呼吸内科病房多重耐药菌分布特点与耐药性分析

【摘要】 目的 分析义乌市中心医院呼吸内科2012年度多重耐药细菌的分布特点及常见抗菌药物耐药率。方法 选取呼吸内科住院患者的临床资料,对多重耐药菌分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果 共分离出257株多重耐药菌,65.4%来源于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者,其中年龄分布以70~79岁（68例,26.5%）、80~89岁的（116例,45.1%）所占比例最大,257株多重耐药菌中G+菌29株,占11.3%,主要是耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE),G-菌228株,占88.7%,主要为耐碳青霉烯鲍曼不动杆菌、产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌和多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌,对常用抗生素耐药率也较高。结论 呼吸内科病房多重耐药菌感染增多,尤其是老年人和合并基础疾病的患者较多,所以严密监测菌株的分布,监测抗菌药物耐药动态,促进合理使用抗菌药物已刻不容缓。