Application of leaf extract causes repetitive action potentials inBiophytum sensitivum

A wound stimulus evoked a number of repetivite action potentials in the leaf ofBiophytum sensitivum. When the cut end of a leaf was immersed in a leaf extract, the resulting repetitive action potentials continue for a long time. These repetitive action potentials disappeared immediately when the leaf extract, which contains a proposed stimulant, was removed and the cut end was washed with water.     

The response of the atrium to direct mechanical wounding in the adult heart of the newt,Notophthalmus viridescens

Summary Wound repair and proliferation were examined in the injured newt atrium with light- and electron-microscopic techniques including autoradiography. Hearts were injured by removing a piece approximately 0.5 mm² of the atrial wall. The five-day wound was an endothelial and mesothelial-lined blood clot bordered by a 150-m necrotic zone. Repair progressed from the periphery inward with areas of macrophage activity replaced by fibroblasts and connective tissue. The wound at 25 days consisted of a scar with few myocytes. There was no difference in the proliferative behavior between the right and left atria. Proliferative cells were localized to a 500-m reactive zone surrounding the wound. The maximum mesothelial cell thymidine-labeling index of 20.5% and mitotic index of 1.4% were seen 5 days after injury. The peak connective tissue cell thymidine-labeling index of 10.2% and mitotic index of 0.4% were seen 10 days after wounding. The peak thymidine-labeling index of 9.8% for myocardial cells was recorded 10 days after injury with a mitotic index of 0.2%. Proliferation returned to control levels by 25 days post-injury. Electron microscopy demonstrated that myocytes engaged in DNA synthesis were indistinguishable from control myocytes. Z-band material was not observed in mitotic myocytes, but myofilaments and junctions were present.     

A cytochemical approach to the wound repair mechanism inUdotea petiolata (Siphonales)

Summary When injured, the thalli of the coenocytic algaUdotea petiolata undergo a rapid sealing process mainly due to the extrusion of two successive plugs. In the first, external and transitory plug, sulphated polysaccharides are the predominant components. In the second, permanent and internal plug, roundish bodies having a complex polysaccharidic composition are embedded in a fibrillar matrix of still unknown nature. The sulphated sugars were identified and located by means of Alcian Blue staining and X-ray microanalysis. A periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate technique proved useful especially in the study of the roundish bodies and in the compositional and structural comparison of the siphon wall with the wound wall. Phosphotungstic acid at low pH was used to evidentiate an extensive plasma membrane activity in the repairing cytoplasm.Supported by a grant of C.N.R.     

The effect of stretching on formation of myofibroblasts in mouse skin

Summary Wound contraction results from the contractile activity of modified fibroblasts, termed myofibroblasts, which are present in the granulation tissue of the healing wound. This study examines the relative role of mechanical tension (stretching) and wound healing as events capable of stimulating the formation of myofibroblasts in mouse skin. The skin of hairless mice was subjected to mechanical stretching and to a small incisional wound either separately or in combination. Animals were killed at intervals between 1 and 6 days and the dermis examined with the electron microscope. Stretching alone produced little evidence of inflammation at any time interval but cells with the ultrastructural characteristics of myofibroblasts were present at 4 days and abundant at 6 days. Skin that had been both stretched and wounded showed a marked inflammatory response and also contained myofibroblasts, but they were less frequent than in the skin subjected to stretching alone. Very few myofibroblasts were evident in skin that had only been wounded. It is suggested that the effect of mechanical tension alone may initiate formation of myofibroblasts in a tissue.     

cDNA cloning of an extracellular dermal glycoprotein of carrot and its expression in response to wounding

Suspension-cultured cells of carrot (Daucus carota L.) synthesize and secrete a glycoprotein that is normally found only in dermal tissues (epidermis, endodermis and periderm). This protein, previously called GP57, is now referred to as EDGP (E xtracellular D ermal G lyco P rotein). We purified sufficient quantities of EDGP to obtain amino-acid sequences on two internal tryptic peptides and screened a cDNA library of young carrot roots with antiserum to EDGP and with oligonucleotides corresponding to the peptides. Here we report the derived amino-acid sequence of EDGP. Sequence comparisons show that it has 40% amino-acid sequence identity with 7S basic globulin, a protein that is released when soybean seeds are soaked in hot water for a few hours. We suggest that these two proteins belong to a new family of dermal proteins. As far as we know, this is the first reported derived amino-acid sequence for protein that is specific to the epidermis and other dermal tissues. The level of EDGP mRNA is low in dry seeds, but increases rapidly in growing seedlings as they develop dermal tissues. The level of mRNA is low in storage roots, but increases rapidly in response to wounding. The presence of EDGP in dermal tissues and its up-regulation in response to wounding indicate a role in the response of plants to biotic and-or abiotic stresses. An unusual feature of the amino-acid sequence of EDGP is that it contains a short motif, which is present at the active site of aspartyl proteases such as pepsin and chymosin.Abbreviations cDNA copy DNA - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophen-oxyacetic acid - EDGP extracellular dermal glycoprotein - 7SBG 7S basic globulin Supported by a contract from the United States Department of Energy (Energy Biosciences) (to M.J.C.) and a Grant-in-Aid for Special Research on Priority Areas (01660002, Cellular and Molecular Basis for Reproductive Processes in Plants) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, and by the Fund from Basic Research Core System of Science and Technology Agency, Japan (to S.S.).     

The wound response of the siphonous green algal genusCaulerpa III: Composition and origin of the wound plugs

Summary A complex, higly sulphated glucoxylomannogalactan has been extracted in a yield of about 1% dry weight fromC. simpliciuscula. This polysaccharide is similar in composition to sulphated polysaccharides previously isolated from otherCaulerpa species (Mackie andPercival, 1961). The most likely location of this compound in the unwounded cell is in the vacuole. This polysaccharide appears as the major component in wound plugs, forming a viscoelastic barrier between the protoplasm and the external environment. The properties of the sulphated polysaccharide were studied in an effort to understand the physiology and mechanism of wound plug formation.     

Regional differences in mitotic activity due to injury in mouse skin

Summary Mitotic activity adjacent to a wound inflicted at different sites in the mouse skin was measured 24 h after injury. A regional difference in the epidermal mitotic activity due to injury was noted. Mitotic activity was high in the anterior parts of the body including the head, lower in the middle to posterior regions of the body and lowest in the posterior-most parts of the body. Regional differences in epidermal mitotic activity due to injury were demonstrated in both female and male mice. The existence of a cranio-caudal gradient in epidermal response to injury is suggested.     

壳聚糖护创敷料用于烧伤创面的治疗效果和安全性研究

目的:探讨壳聚糖护创敷料用于烧伤创面的治疗效果和安全性。方法:采用回顾性方法分析,选取中国人民解放军空降兵军医院烧伤科(本院)自2014年1月-2018年9月就诊的80例烧伤患者的临床资料,根据治疗方法分为对照组(40例,给予单纯紫草油覆盖创面)与研究组(40例,给予壳聚糖护创敷料覆盖创面),比较两组创面愈合时间、疼痛度、瘢痕生长及不同时期分泌物细菌培养阳性率。结果:研究组的创面愈合时间(18.45±4.64)及瘢痕生长评分(3.23±1.12)均低于对照组(22.45±5.23、5.34±1.23),均有显著差异(P0.05)。治疗后7 d、14 d、21 d研究组的创面疼痛度低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后3 d、7 d、14 d研究组的细菌培养阳性率低于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗期间均没有出现不良事件和严重不良事件的发生。结论:壳聚糖护创敷料用于烧伤创面患者治疗中,可缩短创面愈合时间,抑菌,减少创面愈合后的瘢痕增生,从而减轻患者疼痛,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

基质金属蛋白酶9对糖尿病足溃疡愈合影响的研究进展

在糖尿病足患者溃疡创面分泌物中,基质金属蛋白酶9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)过高是预测糖尿病足的发生及足溃疡难愈的主要指标,其可能的机制包括:高水平MMP-9降低VEGF的表达、抑制成纤维细胞的生物学行为影响糖尿病足溃疡愈合;失衡的MMP-9/TIMP-1比值影响糖尿病足溃疡愈合。选择性MMP-9抑制剂(包括小分子抑制剂、高级伤口辅料抑制剂、基于干扰基因水平表达的RNA抑制剂)可以作为促进糖尿病足溃疡愈合的手段,但仍需大样本、多中心随机对照试验以及长期随访进一步验证其疗效及安全性。现查阅近年来涉及MMP-9和糖尿病足溃疡相关的文献,综述MMP-9对糖尿病足溃疡愈合的影响及其机制研究进展。     

龙血竭胶囊合九华膏对环状混合痔术后患者创面愈合、血清炎性因子和免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨龙血竭胶囊合九华膏对环状混合痔（RMH）术后患者创面愈合、血清炎性因子和免疫功能的影响。方法：选取2016年7月~2019年12月期间我院收治的RMH患者93例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=46,马应龙麝香痔疮膏治疗）和研究组（n=47,龙血竭胶囊合九华膏治疗）,比较两组患者疗效、创面愈合情况、不良反应、血清炎性因子和免疫功能。结果：治疗10 d后,研究组的临床总有效率为89.36%（42/47）,高于对照组的71.74%（33/46）（P<0.05）。两组治疗10 d后创面渗液、水肿、疼痛、创面肉芽组织评分下降,创面面积减小,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗10 d后肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-2（IL-2）均下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗10 d后免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组并发症发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：RMH患者术后采用龙血竭胶囊合九华膏治疗,疗效较好,可有效促进创面愈合,减轻炎症反应,改善机体免疫功能,同时还可减少并发症发生率。