西北产6种药用柴胡营养器官的比较解剖学研究

柴胡是伞形科柴胡属植物,据报道,全世界有150种左右,主要分布在北半球及亚热带地区,初步统计我国有30余种。据我们在西北五省调查,药用种类有21种之多,药用主流种类有柴胡Bupleurum chinesis DC.、狭叶柴胡B. scorzonerifolium Willd.、银州柴胡B. yinchowense Shan et Y. Li、小叶黑柴胡B. smithii Wolff. var. parvi-     

Community composition and soil properties in northern Bolivian savanna vegetation

Abstract. Direct gradient analysis (Canonical Correspondence Analysis) of northern Bolivian savanna vegetation revealed correlations between the composition of plant communities and physical and chemical soil properties. Cover/abundance values for 193 species from 27 sites were related to data on eight soil factors. A water-regime variable and the percentage of sand and silt were correlated with the first axis of the species-environment biplot and explained most of the variation in community composition. Along this axis, species and sites of flood-plain vegetation were separated from sites not affected by flooding rivers. The second axis of the biplot was correlated with soil-chemical variables, namely extract-able phosphate, base saturation, organic carbon, pH, and effective cation exchange capacity. Part of the variation in community composition can be explained by these soil nutrient variables. Grassland communities were separated from woody vegetation along the soil nutrient gradient, and floodplain communities of white-water rivers from those of clear-water rivers. The results of the gradient analysis indicate that the soil texture-moisture gradient is the prime factor determining the variation in the floristic composition of the savanna communities examined, and that, in addition, the soil nutrient gradient accounts for some of the variation.     

Monstrilloida (Copepoda) off the Brazilian coast

Seven monstrilloid species of the genera Thaumaleus and Monstrilla (Copepoda) are reported from the Brazilian coast. Occurrence, distribution and ecological information is given for: T. longispinosum, T. rigidum, T. quadridens, M. recticulata, M. grandis, M. dubia and M. rugosa.     

中国角果毛茛属的增订

在编写《中国沙漠植物志补编》过程中,发现我国有角果毛茛属植物2种,弯喙角果毛茛,为我国分布新记录,角果毛茛名称有误,应订正。     

中国野豌豆属的分类研究

本文报道了国产野豌豆属43种,4变种及6变型,其中包括4个新种(多叶野豌豆,三尖野豌豆,武山野豌豆,长齿野豌豆);一个新变种(三叶歪头菜)及一个新等级(千山野豌豆)。     

团藻目新资料

本文报道湖北省武汉市团藻目7个属的5个新种,2个新变种,2个中国新记录。     

蒿属腺毛蒿组和白苞蒿组的分支分类,生物地理及亲缘关系的研究

菊科蒿属Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａ的腺毛蒿组和白苞蒿组共有２６种８变种,为亚洲特有植物。前主产我国西南中、高海拔地区;后主产秦岭以南横断山脉以东各省区的中、低海拔地区,少数种在亚洲南部、东南部也有分布。除泰国艾Ａ．ｂｏｒｅａｌｉ－ｓｉａｍｅｎｓｉｓ外,其余国内均产。它们在蒿属蒿亚属中进化程度较高,且与其它组有明显的区别。选择亲缘关系最近的艾组为外类群。在外类群比较原则和形态演化原则的基础上,对大量性状     

中国沿海代表性河口地区鳗苗群体形态特征的比较研究

本文报道了１９９２—１９９４年连续３年采自海南至辽宁（包括台湾）沿海７个代表性河口地区鳗苗群体的主要形态特征比较研究结果。４项计数性状和３项度量性状,差异系数分析结果未达到亚种差异水平;判别函数显示,大多数群体间存在显著差异,这种差异应源于遗传变异。各年差异变化无规律,可能与鳗苗漂游分布的随机性有关。     

蓝氏贾第虫核被膜缺口的电镜观寨

双滴虫类是迄今所知的现存最原始的真核生物类群。以蓝氏贾第虫作为双滴虫类的代表,对其细胞核进行了电镜观察。除了未见有核仁外,还发现其核被膜的横切面上存在有缺口。在缺口的边缘处,核内膜与校外膜是相互连接着的,表明并非切片时所造成的假象。核被膜缺口处常有一核纤层样的薄层分隔核质与细胞质。用高锰酸钾固定细胞以求只保存膜结构时,核被膜缺口仍然可见,上述的薄层即未见到。核被膜缺口的发现证实了李靖炎（１９７９）的核被膜起源假说所作出的推断。     

Genetically stable cell lines of cucumber for the large-scale production of diploid somatic embryos

For the initiation of embryogenic cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) cell lines, from excised radicles, directly in liquid medium, the culture regime, explant density and type and concentration of hormones were adjusted so that pro-embryogenic masses (PEMs) were formed within about 8 weeks. The established cucumber cell lines were maintained tor several years without loss of embryogenic and genetic stability. The ploidy level of somatic embryos from different cucumber eell lines was either diploid or tetraploid and depended on the ploidy level of Ihe cell line. Cucumber cell lines that produced only diploid embryos were obtained by selecting completely diploid explant material and growing it in the dark during the initiation phase. Mixoploid explains could lead to tetraploid or mixoploid ceil lines. Isolation and additional selection and subculturing of single PEMs resulted in either completely diploid or tetraploid cell lines, indicating that all cells of individual PEMs are either diploid or tetraploid. The ernbryogenic cucumber cell Imes, differing only in ploidy level, were indistinguishable in growth rate and embryogetiic potential and were genetically stable over several years.