后磨牙模拟根管模型制备与研究

目的：制备后磨牙模拟根管模型。方法：依照预实验中测试的牙本质和树脂根管模型材料的布氏硬度值（牙本质HB72,树脂块HB54）选取纯铜质铜管为材料（纯铜HB58）同时利用预实验中确认的后磨牙模拟根管模型弯曲角度的范围（70°-60°）并参照树脂根管模型相关数据,设计不同弯曲角度（70°,64°,60°）的纯铜质根管模型,将20套镍钛根管锉随机分为4组,其中3组根管锉分别预备相应角度的10个纯铜质后磨牙根管模型,另一组在临床预备10个后磨牙根管作为对照组。所有镍钛根管锉均在疲劳寿命测试装置中测试疲劳寿命。结果：选用根管长度为16mm±1mm,弯曲半径为5mm,内径为0.70mm的纯铜质铜管制作后磨牙根管模型。其中在弯曲角度为70°的后磨牙根管模型中有33%（2/6）近似临床;在弯曲角度为64°的后磨牙根管模型中有67%（4/6）近似临床;在弯曲角度为60°的后磨牙根管模型中有33%（2/6）近似临床。结论：弯曲角度为64°的纯铜制后磨牙模拟根管模型更接近于临床实际,可为体外研究镍钛根管锉各项指标提供一个较为理想的模型。     

基于重采样技术的肌电信号动作电位传导速度估计研究

目的：本文针对表面肌电（sEMG）信号探讨动作电位传导速度（APCV）估计问题。方法：以生理学仿真sEMG信号为基础,采用基于互相关分析的时延估计技术来获取相应的APCV估计值,并利用重采样技术来提高估计的精度。结果：实验表明。针对重采样后的仿真信号,其APCV的估计误差得到了明显降低。结论：所采用方法能够有效获取满意的APCV估计效果。     

多媒体课件在医学细胞生物学教学中的应用体会

通过教学实践证明医学细胞生物学多媒体课件的应用不仅可以激发学生学习兴趣、提高学生学习的主动性、强化学生的理解能力,还可以使学生轻松、准确掌握所学的内容,是提高教学质量的有效途径。并针对在多媒体教学过程中仍存在的一些问题。提出行之有效的解决之道。     

基于重采样技术的肌电信号动作电位传导速度估计研究

目的:本文针对表面肌电(sEMG)信号探讨动作电位传导速度(APCV)估计问题。方法:以生理学仿真sEMG信号为基础,采用基于互相关分析的时延估计技术来获取相应的APCV估计值,并利用重采样技术来提高估计的精度。结果:实验表明,针对重采样后的仿真信号,其APCV的估计误差得到了明显降低。结论:所采用方法能够有效获取满意的APCV估计效果。     

以技术为主线开设药学类专业微生物学综合实验

以技术为主线开设药学类专业微生物学综合实验,能够帮助药学专业的学生更好地掌握微生物最基本的操作技能,了解微生物实验的基本流程,加深对微生物知识的理解,增强学习兴趣和创新能力,培养出药学微生物生产实践、教学科研全面的人才。     

医学遗传学实验教学中实施研究性教学的探索实践

我们根据我校实际情况在医学遗传学实验教学中实施开放式研究性教学手段,培养学生具有自主建构的学习能力,掌握现代医学遗传学的基本理论和遗传性疾病诊断的实验方法,培养学员的综合实践能力,启发创造性思维,促进实验教学的改革。     

The role of logistic constraints in termite construction of chambers and tunnels

In previous models of the building behaviour of termites, physical and logistic constraints that limit the movement of termites and pheromones have been neglected. Here, we present an individual-based model of termite construction that includes idealized constraints on the diffusion of pheromones, the movement of termites, and the integrity of the architecture that they construct. The model allows us to explore the extent to which the results of previous idealized models (typically realised in one or two dimensions via a set of coupled partial differential equations) generalize to a physical, 3-D environment. Moreover we are able to investigate new processes and architectures that rely upon these features. We explore the role of stigmergic recruitment in pillar formation, wall building, and the construction of royal chambers, tunnels and intersections. In addition, for the first time, we demonstrate the way in which the physicality of partially built structures can help termites to achieve efficient tunnel structures and to establish and maintain entrances in royal chambers. As such we show that, in at least some cases, logistic constraints can be important or even necessary in order for termites to achieve efficient, effective constructions.     

Factors affecting the proportion of sterile soldiers in growing aphid colonies

The proportion of sterile soldiers in an aphid colony is positively correlated with colony size. Assuming logistic growth of the aphid colony, Aoki and Kurosu (Insect Soc 50:256–261, 2003) presented an inequality that determines, for any colony size, whether a soldier or a reproductive will be added to the colony. To put it in words, if the marginal defensive efficacy of a soldier, multiplied by the number of reproductives, is larger than the mean productivity of reproductives without defense by that soldier, the soldier will be produced; if not, a reproductive will be produced. Based on Aoki and Kurosus inequality, we carried out simulations to determine whether the proportion of soldiers increased with colony size. Given a constant level of depredation per aphid and a constant number of predators, proportion of soldiers continued to increase with colony size unless a single soldier was very effective or unless carrying capacity was very large. Given a constant number of nongluttonous predators and a decreasing level of depredation per aphid, proportion of soldiers soon began to decrease after a peak. However, given an increasing number of nongluttonous predators to keep a constant level of depredation per aphid, proportion of soldiers again continued to increase. These results confirmed the argument that the proportion of soldiers can increase with colony size under a wide range of realistic assumptions.     

AIPAR: ab initio parametrization of intermolecular potentials for computer simulations

An unambiguous, fully ab initio and automated technique denoted AIPAR (ab initio parametrization) implemented in the SJBR program has been proposed to yield intermolecular interaction potentials between polar molecules and water. The AIPAR procedure has been applied to several organic molecules covering a wide range of structure and functional groups, namely methanol, acetone (propanone), methanethiol (methyl mercaptan), imidazole (1,3-diazole), oxazole and furan. The AIPAR-derived sets of parameters compare well with the empirical OPLS ones, mainly when the all-atoms model is employed in the OPLS procedure. Monte Carlo simulations were performed for an aqueous solution of methanol and for an equimolar binary mixture methanol–water using the AIPAR and OPLS parameters. The thermodynamic and geometric results obtained with the parameters obtained with the AIPAR procedure compare favorably with the OPLS simulations, even for the binary mixture, demonstrating the precision, robustness and transferability of the parameters obtained with the AIPAR procedure.Figure Superimposed configurations of water (without the hydrogen atoms) around the methanol molecule obtained with the AGOA procedure.     

Processes leading to a spatial aggregation of Echinococcus multilocularis in its natural intermediate host Microtus arvalis

The small fox tapeworm (Echinococcus multilocularis) shows a heterogeneous spatial distribution in the intermediate host (Microtus arvalis). To identify the ecological processes responsible for this heterogeneity, we developed a spatially explicit simulation model. The model combines individual-based (foxes, Vulpes vulpes) and grid-based (voles) techniques to simulate the infections in both intermediate and definite host. If host populations are homogeneously mixed, the model reproduces field data for parasite prevalence only for a limited number of parameter combinations. As ecological parameters inevitably vary to a certain degree, we discarded the homogeneous mixing model as insufficient to gain insight into the ecology of the fox tapeworm cycle. We analysed five different model scenarios, each focussing on an ecological process that might be responsible for the heterogeneous spatial distribution of E. mulitlocularis in the intermediate host. Field studies revealed that the prevalence ratio between intermediate and definite host remains stable over a wide range of ecological conditions. Thus, by varying the parameters in simulation experiments, we used the robustness of the agreement between field data and model output as quality criterion for the five scenarios. Only one of the five scenarios was found to reproduce the prevalence ratio over a sufficient range of parameter combinations. In the accentuated scenario most tapeworm eggs die due to bad environmental conditions before they cause infections in the intermediate host. This scenario is supported by the known sensitivity of tapeworm eggs to high temperatures and dry conditions. The identified process is likely to lead to a heterogeneous availability of infective eggs and thus to a clumped distribution of infected intermediate hosts. In conclusion, areas with humid conditions and low temperatures must be pointed out as high risk areas for human exposure to E. multilocularis eggs as well.