三种提取RNA的方法对汉滩病毒检测敏感性影响的研究

分别采用标准法、ＧＰ法和ＭＢＰ法抽提汉滩病毒ＲＮＡ,结合套式ＰＣＲ比较这三种方法的敏感性。结果表明,所用引物对这两株病毒具有相同的特异性。这三种提取ＲＮＡ的敏感性差异不大,敏感性从高到低依次为：ＧＰ、ＭＢＰ和标准法,检测汉滩病毒的效价分别为０．０１、０．０１和０．１ＴＣＩＤ５０／２００μｌ;提取ＲＮＡ的时间长短分别为：标准法为２．５ｈ,ＧＰ为１ｈ,ＭＢＰ为０．５ｈ,可见ＭＢＰ用时最少。使用ＧＰ和ＭＢＰ提取ＲＮＡ时,可以在室温下进行,不需要低温离心。所以,ＭＢＰ最适合于实验室和临床病原体的快速检测,特别是对采集的环境样品的快速检测     

Development of formulations based on Streptomyces rochei strain PTL2 spores for biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani damping-off of tomato seedlings

Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most problematic soil-borne pathogenic fungi for several crop cultures worldwide. This study highlights the effectiveness of high-antagonistic Streptomyces rochei strain PTL2, isolated from root tissues of Panicum turgidum, in controlling the R. solani damping-off and growth promotion of tomato (cv. Marmande) seedlings. The isolate PTL2 was characterised for in vitro biocontrol and plant growth-promoting traits. It exhibited remarkable positive results in all trials, including production of hydrogen cyanide, siderophores, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and phytohormones, chitinolytic activity and inorganic phosphate solubilisation. PTL2 spores were formulated as wettable talcum powder, sodium alginate pellets and sodium alginate-clay pellets. Their abilities in the biocontrol of R. solani and plant growth promotion were investigated in autoclaved and non-autoclaved soils. Talcum powder and sodium alginate pellets significantly reduced the damping-off severity index compared to a positive control. The talcum powder exhibited the highest protective activity, reducing the disease incidence from 89.3% to 14.1%, whereas chemical seed treatment with Thiram^® provided a disease incidence of 16.7%. Furthermore, the talc-based powder formulation resulted in greatest increases in the root length, shoot length and dry weight of seedlings. The interesting biocontrol potential and growth enhancement of tomato seedlings open up promising perspectives for the possible application of talcum powder formulation based on PTL2 spores in crop improvement.     

消水散联合利尿剂治疗癌性腹水的疗效及对患者免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨自拟消水散联合利尿剂治疗癌性腹水的临床疗效。方法:选取恶性肿瘤伴癌性腹水患者84例,按随机数字表法分组,分别为42例,对照组予以常规利尿剂治疗,研究组予以自拟消水散联合利尿剂治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清TNF-α,IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,CD3~+,CD4~+及CD4~+/CD8~+含量的变化情况以及临床疗效。结果:与治疗前对比,两组治疗后血清TNF-α,IL-2,IL-4及IL-6均降低,CD3~+,CD4~+及CD4~+/CD8~+均升高,CD8~+均降低,CEA,CA125,CA153及CA199均降低(P0.05);与对照组对比,研究组治疗后血清TNF-α,IL-2,IL-4,IL-6较低,CD3~+,CD4~+及CD4~+/CD8~+较高,CD8~+较低,CEA,CA125,CA153及CA199较低(P0.05);研究组治疗有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:消水散联合利尿剂治疗癌性腹水的疗效确切,能显著降低炎症指标及肿瘤标志物,提高机体免疫功能。     

参苓白术辅助治疗对老年溃疡性结肠炎伴脓血便患者临床疗效及免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨参苓白术辅助治疗对老年溃疡性结肠炎伴脓血便患者临床疗效及免疫功能的影响。方法:选取于我院进行治疗的老年溃疡性结肠炎伴脓血便患者50例,随机分为实验组与对照组,每组25例。对照组患者给予柳氮磺吡啶结肠溶胶囊进行治疗,实验组患者在对照组的基础上联合使用参苓白术丸进行治疗,两组患者均治疗3个月,比较两组患者治疗前后血清白介素-2(IL-2)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)及白介素-10(IL-10)水平,并评价两组患者的临床疗效。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后的血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平均显著降低,IL-10明显升高;与对照组相比,实验组患者血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平较低,IL-10水平更高(P0.05);且与对照组相比,实验组患者的临床总有效率较高(P0.05)。结论:参苓白术散能有效改善老年溃疡性结肠炎伴脓血便患者的免疫功能并提高其临床疗效。     

融合蛋白GGH粉针剂制备工艺研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定融合蛋白GGH原料和注射用粉针剂含量的方法,筛选制备粉针剂的辅料和pH,进行6个月的长期稳定性试验。方法：高效液相色谱采用Waters DELTA PAK C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈和水,梯度洗脱20min,检测波长280nm。根据粉针剂的外形、复溶性、稳定性和活性保留率筛选填充剂及pH。结果：GGH在0.2~1.6mg/ml范围内线性关系良好,可用此方法进行制剂的含量检测;选用4%的甘露醇作为填充剂并调节pH为5.5,可以制备性质较为稳定的GGH冻干粉针剂。结论：可采用含量和纯度检测结合外观性状观察法用于粉针剂的制备工艺筛选,为申报新药提供参考。     

三种植物粉剂对四纹豆象(鞘翅目:豆象科)行为、死亡率和繁殖的影响

The effects of powders from dry flower buds of Eugenia aromatica Baill., seeds of Piper guineense Schum and Thonn and fruits of Capsicum frutescens L. on adult behaviour, mortality and reproductive fitness of the cowpea seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus （Fab.） were investigated under ambient laboratory conditions. All experiments were carried out in glass Petri plates. All powders elicited aversion in adult beetles. The contact toxicity symptoms included restlessness, loss of coordination, knock down and eventual death of adult beetles. These behaviours were more pronounced with E. aromatica in which adult beetles died within 16 hours. P. guineense and C. frutescens powders did not cause 100% mortality of adult beetles, even after 24 hours. Each of the three powders significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced the mating competition of adult males after sub-lethal exposure for one, two, and three hours, respectively. E. aromatica powder caused more reduction in male mating competition for females than any of the other two powders after each period of exposure. Receptiveness of treated females to courting males was also decreased by exposure to any of the three powders. Similarly, E. aromatica powder caused greater decreases in female receptiveness to males than any of the other two powders after each period of exposure. Exposure of either adult male or female C. maculatus to the powders for sub-lethal times of three, six and nine hours significantly reduced the fecundity of the beetles. E. aromatica powder caused the most reduction of eggs laid and also significantly reduced fertility of the eggs.     

Release Mechanisms Behind Polysaccharides-Based Famotidine Controlled Release Matrix Tablets

Polysaccharides, which have been explored to possess gelling properties and a wide margin of safety, were used to formulate single-unit floating matrix tablets by a direct compression technique. This work has the aim to allow continuous slow release of famotidine above its site of absorption. The floating approach was achieved by the use of the low density polypropylene foam powder. Polysaccharides (κ-carrageenan, gellan gum, xyloglucan, and pectin) and blends of polysaccharides (κ-carrageenan and gellan gum) and cellulose ethers (hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) were tried to modulate the release characteristics. The prepared floating tablets were evaluated for their floating behavior, matrix integrity, swelling studies, in vitro drug release studies, and kinetic analysis of the release data. The differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies revealed that changing the polymer matrix system by formulation of polymers blends resulted in formation of molecular interactions which may have implications on drug release characteristics. This was obvious from the retardation in drug release and change in its mechanistics.     

Effect of Eudragit<Superscript>®</Superscript> RS 30D and Talc Powder on Verapamil Hydrochloride Release from Beads Coated with Drug Layered Matrices

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Eudragit RS 30D, talc, and verapamil hydrochloride on dissolution and mechanical properties of beads coated with "drug-layered matrices". This was accomplished with the aid of a three-factor multiple-level factorial design using percent drug release in 1 and 2 h, T(50), tensile strength, brittleness, stiffness and toughness as the responses. Beads were coated in a fluidized-bed coating unit. Surface morphology and mechanical properties were evaluated by surface profilometry and texture analysis, respectively. No cracks, flaws and fissures were observed on the surfaces. The mechanical properties were dependent on the talc/polymer ratio. The release of verapamil from the beads was influenced by matrix components. Increasing the level of both talc and Eudragit decreased the percent drug released from 67% to 4.8% and from 80.7% to 6.7% in 1 and 2 h, respectively, and increased T(50) from 0.8 to 25.7 h. It was concluded that beads could be efficiently coated with "drug-layered matrices". The release of drug, however, depends on a balance between the levels of drug, talc, and polymer, whereby desired dissolution and mechanical properties could be controlled by the talc/polymer ratio and the level of drug loading.     

同型半胱氨酸对血管内皮功能的影响及通心络超微粉的干预作用

目的：观察同型半胱氨酸对血管内皮功能的影响,并探讨通心络超微粉的干预作用。方法：健康雄性Wis-tar大鼠,随机分为对照组、模型组、通心络组。离体主动脉环技术检测血管内皮依赖性舒缩功能,微循环仪观察肠系膜微循环变化,放免方法检测血浆内皮素（ET）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）、血栓素（TXA2）、前列环素（PGI2）的含量及血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）与谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性、一氧化氮（NO）及丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果：与对照组比较,模型组血管内皮依赖性舒张反应明显减弱（p〈0.01）,肠系膜毛细血管对乙酰胆碱的扩张幅度与扩张率显著下降（P〈0.05）。与模型组比较,通心络组血管舒张反应明显改善（P〈0.01）,肠系膜毛细血管对乙酰胆碱反应性升高;与对照组比较,模型组AngⅡ、ET、TXA2含量明显升高（P〈0.05,p〈0.01）,而PGI2含量明显降低（P〈0.05）,同时血清中SOD与GSH-Px活力、NO含量明显降低（P〈0.001,P〈0.05）。与模型组比较,通心络组血浆AngⅡ、ET、TXA2的含量显著降低（P〈0.01）,而PGI2的含量明显升高（P〈0.01）,同时血清中SOD活力与NO含量显著升高（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。结论：①高同型半胱氨酸血症可使内皮依赖性血管舒缩功能减退,其机制可能与高同型半胱氨酸血症引发血管舒缩因子平衡紊乱及大量自由基的产生有关。②通心络超微粉可使同型半胱氨酸所致血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的异常明显改善,可能与其抑制自由基的过量生成及调节内皮舒缩因子的平衡有关。     

用加酶洗衣粉提取野生动物基因组DNA的新方法

介绍一种新的动物基因组 DNA 提取方法.该方法用加酶洗衣粉、洗洁精替代含有蛋白酶K、SDS、EDTA等成分的裂解液裂解动物肌肉样品,具有经济、简便、快速的特点,以所获得的 DNA作为模板能扩增出高纯度的PCR产物,有助于快速、准确地鉴定野生动物的种属.