多索茶碱注射液对急性支气管哮喘患者血清IL-18，IL-33及TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探究多索茶碱注射液对支气管哮喘急性发作的治疗效果及对血清白细胞介素-18(IL-18)、白细胞介素-33(IL-33)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的影响。方法:100例支气管哮喘急性发作患者参照抽签法分作对照组与实验组,对照组采用氨茶碱治疗,实验组采用多索茶碱注射液治疗,观察两组疗效,喘息缓解时间、哮鸣音缓解时间、咳嗽缓解时间,IL-18、IL-33、TNF-α,内皮素(ET)、一氧化碳(NO),NK细胞、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+,最大呼气流量(PEF),用力肺活量(FVC),安全性。结果:实验组总有效率高于对照组(P0.05)。实验组喘息缓解时间、哮鸣音缓解时间、咳嗽缓解时间优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组IL-18、IL-33、TNF-α、ET、CD8+均降低,实验组低于对照组,两组NO、NK细胞、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、PEF、FVC均上升,实验组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组不良反应率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:多索茶碱注射液对支气管哮喘急性发作的临床效果肯定,降低血清IL-18、IL-33、TNF-α水平,同时能够利于血管内皮功能、肺功能、免疫功能的改善。     

补肾温阳化瘀法对子宫内膜异位症患者子宫内膜腺上皮细胞OPN与MMP-9的影响

目的:探讨补肾温阳化瘀法对子宫内膜异位症患者子宫内膜腺上皮细胞骨桥蛋白(OPN)与基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的影响。方法:选择我院2013年4月~2016年4月收治的92例子宫内膜异位症患者,分为对照组与观察组,各46例,对照组行常规西医治疗,观察组行补肾温阳化瘀法治疗,比较两组OPN及MMP-9,雌二醇(E2)、促黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8),CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+,临床疗效及安全性。结果:治疗后,观察组OPN、MMP-9,TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8,CD8~+低于对照组,观察组CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组总有效率高于对照组,不良反应率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:补肾温阳化瘀法可下调子宫内膜异位症患者子宫内膜腺上皮细胞OPN及MPP-9表达。     

血清TNF-α、IL-6，8水平与复发性阿弗他溃疡患者免疫功能的关系研究

目的:探讨血清肿瘤坏死因子a(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)水平与复发性阿弗他溃疡(RAU)患者免疫功能的关系。方法:收集我院于2015年6月~2016年6月间收治的82例RAU患者作为观察组,另取80例健康体检人员作为对照组,比较两组血清TNF-α、IL-6,8、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平,并分析各指标的相关性。结果:观察组血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、CD8~+水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组CD3~+水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。血清TNF-α、IL-6,8水平与CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:RAU疾病的发生与机体免疫功能障碍有关,检测患者TNF-α、IL-6,8水平可反映出患者免疫功能水平。     

黄芪注射液联合布地奈德治疗支气管哮喘急性发作期患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨黄芪注射液联合布地奈德治疗支气管哮喘急性发作期患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响,为临床用药提供依据。方法:选取2016年2月至2017年2月在我院接受治疗的94例支气管哮喘急性发作期患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方式将患者分为布地奈德组(n=46)与联合组(n=48)。布地奈德组患者给予布地奈德经口吸入治疗,联合组患者在此基础上联用黄芪注射液治疗,两组均治疗2周。分别于治疗前和治疗2周后测量患者第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%)和第一秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC),测定患者血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,并检测所有患者的CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+,计算CD4~+/CD8~+。比较两组患者治疗2周后的疗效。结果:治疗2周后,两组患者FEV1%、FEV1/FVC均明显上升,且联合组的FEV1%、FEV1/FVC明显高于布地奈德组(P0.05)。治疗2周后,两组患者IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17及TNF-α水平均明显下降,且联合组的IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17及TNF-α水平明显低于布地奈德组P0.05)。治疗2周后,两组患者的CD3~+、CD4~+以及CD4~+/CD8~+均明显上升,且联合组的CD3~+、CD4~+以及CD4~+/CD8~+明显高于布地奈德组(P0.05)。联合组总有效率为95.83%,明显高于布地奈德组的82.61%(P0.05)。结论:黄芪注射液联合布地奈德对支气管哮喘急性发作期患者疗效显著,能明显改善患者肺功能和炎性指标,并能明显提高患者免疫功能,值得在临床上推广应用。     

连续性血液净化治疗对脓毒症患者炎性因子及免疫功能的影响

目的:探究连续性血液净化(CBP)治疗对脓毒症患者炎性因子及免疫功能的影响,为临床治疗脓毒症提供参考。方法:选取2014年6月-2016年12月我院ICU收治的76例严重脓毒症患者,根据患者所采用的治疗方式分为常规组(n=36)与CBP组(n=40)。常规组患者采取目标针对性治疗和生命支持治疗,CBP组在目标针对性治疗的基础上采用CBP治疗。检测并比较治疗前和治疗3 d后两组患者白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平。检测并比较治疗前和治疗3 d后两组患者CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+T细胞并计算CD4~+/CD8~+比值。结果:两组治疗前的血清炎性因子水平均无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗3 d后两组的血清炎性因子水平均明显下降,且CBP组的IL-6、TNF-α和CRP水平均明显低于常规组(P0.05)。常规组与CBP组治疗前的免疫功能指标均无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗3 d后两组患者CD3~+、CD4~+以及CD4~+/CD8~+比值均明显升高,且CBP组的CD4~+及CD4~+/CD8~+比值明显高于常规组(P0.05)。结论:CBP应用于脓毒症的治疗,可明显改善患者体内炎性因子的表达,并能明显改善患者的免疫功能,促进患者免疫功能的恢复。     

丙种球蛋白联合地屈孕酮治疗复发性流产的效果及对患者免疫功能和血清炎症因子水平的影响

目的:探讨丙种球蛋白联合地屈孕酮治疗复发性流产的效果及对患者免疫功能和血清炎症因子水平的影响。方法:选择2016年1月-2017年12月我院收治的82例复发性流产患者为研究对象,将其随机分为两组。对照组采用单纯口服地屈孕酮,每次10 mg,每天2次;观察组在对照组基础上联合静脉滴注丙种球蛋白500 mg/(kg·d)。比较两组治疗前后的血清白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)以及白介素-10(IL-10)水平,CD4~+/CD8~+、CD8~+以及CD4~+及保胎成功率。结果:治疗后,观察组治愈14例,有效18例,无效9例,治疗有效率为78.05%(32/41),明显高于对照组[60.98%(25/41)](P0.05);两组治疗后的血清TNF-α、CD8~+水平较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),血清IL-6、IL-10、CD4~+/CD8~+以及CD4~+水平较治疗前明显升高(P0.05),且观察组血清TNF-α、CD8~+水平明显低于对照组(P0.05),血清IL-6、IL-10、CD4~+/CD8~+以及CD4~+水平明显高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组的保胎成功率为82.93%(34/41),明显高于对照组[31.71%(13/41)](P0.05)。结论:丙种球蛋白联合地屈孕酮可以有效增强复发性流产患者体内的免疫功能,减少调节炎症因子的表达,提高保胎成功率.     

四磨汤对宫颈癌化疗患者胃肠功能的保护作用及对血清IL-8、CEA、CA125水平的影响

目的:研究四磨汤对恩度联合力朴素治疗的宫颈癌患者胃肠功能的保护作用及对其血清白细胞介素8(IL-8)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)的影响。方法:选取2015年9月至2016年8月我院收治的88例宫颈癌患者,根据患者入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,每组44例。对照组在放疗基础上加以恩度联合力朴素完成化疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加以四磨汤。比较两组患者治疗前后血清IL-8、CEA、CA125水平及外周血CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+细胞比例的变化和胃肠道毒副反应、胃肠道放射性损伤的发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者血清IL-8、CEA、CA125水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且观察组的血清IL-8、CEA、CA125水平较对照组明显降低(P0.05);两组患者CD3~+、CD4~+细胞比例较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),CD8~+细胞比例较治疗前显著升高(P0.05),但观察组的CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+细胞比例细胞比例显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率、早期胃肠道放射性损伤发生率、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级胃肠道放射性损伤率均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:四磨汤用于恩度联合力朴素治疗的宫颈癌患者能有效保护患者胃肠功能,降低患者血清IL-8、CEA、CA125水平,增强患者免疫力。     

舒血宁注射液联合布地耐德对COPD急性加重期患者血清MMP-9，IL-6，IL-8，TNF-α及肺功能的影响

目的:探讨舒血宁注射液联合布地耐德对慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)急性加重期患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及肺功能的影响。方法:将112例COPD急性加重期患者参照随机数表法分作对照组与观察组,每组各56例。对照组采用布地奈德治疗,观察组基于对照组加以舒血宁注射液治疗。比较两组总有效率,治疗前后血清MMP-9、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化醇(SOD)水平、二氧化碳分压(Pa CO_2)、血氧分压(Pa O_2),气峰流速(PEF)、最大呼气中期流速(MMEF)、用力肺活量(FVC)、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+及不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组总有效率显著高于对照组94.64%vs 80.35%(P0.05)。观察组治疗后血清MMP-9、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、MDA水平、PaCO_2、CD8~+均明显低于对照组(P0.05),血清SOD水平、PaO_2、PEF、MMEF、FVC、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应的发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:舒血宁注射液联合布地奈德治疗COPD急性加重期患者的疗效确切,可降低血清MMP-9、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平,改善肺功能,减轻氧化应激并改善动脉血气及免疫功能。     

硬膜外阻滞复合全麻与全凭静脉麻醉在宫颈癌手术中的效果比较

目的:对比硬膜外阻滞复合全麻与全凭静脉麻醉在宫颈癌手术中的效果。方法:选择2016年1月～2018年12月我院收治的90例宫颈癌患者,均采取腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术治疗,将其随机分为两组。对照组采用全凭静脉麻醉方法,观察组采用硬膜外阻滞复合全麻方法。比较两组的术后感染率、拔管时间以及苏醒时间,术前、术后12 h和术后72 h的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平、CD3~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、CD8~+、CD4~+的变化。结果:观察组术后感染率、拔管时间以及苏醒时间均明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者术后12 h的血清TNF-α以及IL-6水平明显低于术前和对照组(P0.05),两组术后72 h的血清TNF-α和IL-6水平均恢复至术前水平;两组术后12 h的CD3~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、CD4~+均明显低于术前(P0.05),且观察组术后12 h的CD3~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、CD4~+明显高于对照组(P0.05),两组术后72 h的CD3~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、CD8~+、CD4~+均恢复至术前水平。结论:与全凭静脉麻醉相比,硬膜外阻滞复合全麻更有助于宫颈癌手术患者早期拔管和苏醒,其可明显减轻患者术后的免疫抑制,有效降低术后感染发生率。     

埃克替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及对患者血清相关指标水平的影响

目的:分析埃克替尼对晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗效果及对血清指标的影响。方法:将86例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者按抽签法分成对照组与观察组,各43例。对照组采用多西他赛治疗,观察组采用埃克替尼治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清细胞角蛋白21-1(Cyfre21-1)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCCA)、血管内皮生长因子(VEDF)、自然杀伤(NK)细胞、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+,白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平、临床疗效以及安全性。结果:观察组疾病控制率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清Cyfre21-1、SCCA、CD8~+、LI-8、TNF-α、MMP-2及MMP-9均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者血清VEGF水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者血清NK、CD4~+及CD4~+/CD8~+均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:埃克替尼对晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床效果肯定,可下调血清VEGF表达。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.