SARS-CoV恒河猴模型动物中组织病理学动态变化

目的在感染的8只恒河猴的SARS-CoV模型动物中,观察肺等组织中出现的系列病理学改变,为针对抗SARS药物筛选、疫苗评价中的免疫病理反应等奠定实验依据。方法SARS-CoV经鼻腔接种8只恒河猴,在感染的第5、7、10、15、20、30和60天,分别安乐处死动物,组织病理取材,制片,观察。结果经病毒分离和RT-PCR证实动物感染是成功的。系列病理改变表明,早期肺组织可见间质性肺炎,水肿、结构破坏、出血,巨噬细胞浸润;后期出现内皮细胞受损及再生,透明膜形成,小血管玻璃样变,肺组织纤维化及肺气肿形成,肺泡网状纤维和弹力纤维破坏并增生等,脾脏、淋巴结生发中心早期有萎缩,后期有恢复等病理学改变均和SARS患者相似。结论感染恒河猴出现与SARS患者类似的临床和病理学改变,为进一步研究该病毒的病原特性、发病机理、药物筛选、疫苗评价等方面的研究奠定了重要基础。     

SARS 冠状病毒 S 蛋白受体结合结构域的表达及其表位作图

严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS) 是一种新出现的人类传染病,该病的病原是 SARS 冠状病毒 (SARS-CoV). S 蛋白是 SARS 冠状病毒的一种主要结构蛋白,它在病毒与宿主细胞受体结合以及诱导机体产生中和抗体中起重要作用 . 研究表明 S 蛋白与受体结合的核心区域为第 318 ~ 510 氨基酸残基的片段 . 首先克隆并用 pGEX-6p-1 载体融合表达了该受体结合结构域,并且通过蛋白质印迹分析表明,该受体结合结构域融合蛋白能被 SARS 康复患者血清和 S 蛋白特异的单克隆抗体所识别 . 为了对这一区域进行抗原表位作图,进一步设计了一套 23 个覆盖受体结合结构域的长 16 个氨基酸残基的部分重叠短肽,并进行了 GST 融合表达 . 用免疫动物血清和单克隆抗体 D3D1 对 23 个融合蛋白进行蛋白质印迹和 ELISA 免疫反应性分析,结果鉴定出两个抗原表位 SRBD3(F334PSVYAWERKKISNCV349) 和表位 D3D1 (K447LRPFERDI455). 其结果对进一步分析 S 蛋白结构与功能以及诊断试剂和基因工程疫苗的研究有一定意义 .     

SARS-CoV单克隆抗体的制备及抗原表位的初步鉴定

参照已发表的SARS冠状病毒BJ01株基因序列 ,利用计算机软件预测并选取该病毒S、M、N三种主要结构蛋白部分抗原性优势区域 ,以编码Gly-Pro-Gly序列相连接合成两段嵌合基因A和B。并分别克隆于pGEX -6p- 1载体上用IPTG进行诱导表达 ,以纯化的嵌合蛋白A和B为抗原 ,分别免疫BALB c小鼠制备单克隆抗体。利用单克隆抗体亚型检测试剂盒和SARS CoV商品化ELISA检测试剂盒对其进行亚型和特异性鉴定。结果表明融合表达两段嵌合基因产物 ,其大小分别为 34kD和35kD ,Westernblot分析证实两种表达产物都能被SARS病人康复期血清所识别。获得了 6株能稳定分泌特异性抗体的阳性细胞克隆株。亚型鉴定结果除D3C5为IgG2a外其他单抗均为IgG1,而且所有单抗的轻链均为κ链。特异性鉴定发现除D3D1外 ,其余的 5株单抗均能与SARS CoV商品化ELISA检测试剂盒发生特异性反应。将D3D1与灭活后经超声波裂解的SARS CoV进行Westernblot分析 ,发现它能特异性识别 180kD的蛋白带。分别融合表达了 6个S蛋白的寡肽 (S1- S6 ) ,并对筛选出的单克隆…     

SARS病毒的形态结构及其在体外培养细胞中的感染装配

Morphological characterization of purified SARS-associated virus(SARS-CoV) from Hubei patient was carried out by negative stain and ultrathin section electronmicroscopy. The spike of isolated SARS-CoV virus is shorter and smaller than Human coronavirus. A large quantity of SARS-CoV particles could be observed in the infected Vero cells. The process of infection, assembly and morphogenesis was observed.     

SARS-CoV的分子生物学研究

SARS-CoV是引起严重急性呼吸道综合症(SARS)的病原体．更多地了解SARS-CoV的基因组、蛋白结构以及它与其它冠状病毒的关系,将有助于SARS疾病的防治．     

SARS冠状病毒核衣壳(N)蛋白不同区域的原核表达

利用大肠杆菌表达系统对SARS冠状病毒的核衣壳(N)蛋白全长及N末端或／和C末端缺失突变体进行了表达,共表达了39个重组蛋白,表达量在15％～30％之间。分别利用电洗脱或金属鳌合介质纯化重组蛋白,用蛋白印迹实验检测纯化蛋白对SARS病人恢复期血清的反应性,结果发现全长N蛋白活性最好,其余的末端缺失蛋白均无法达到同—：活性水平。由此说明N蛋白的完整性对于其优势表位的充分暴露是必要的。     

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein 6 mediates ubiquitin-dependent proteosomal degradation of N-Myc(and STAT) interactor

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-Co V) encodes eight accessory proteins, the functions of which are not yet fully understood. SARS-Co V protein 6(P6) is one of the previously studied accessory proteins that have been documented to enhance viral replication and suppress host interferon(IFN) signaling pathways. Through yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified eight potential cellular P6-interacting proteins from a human spleen c DNA library. For further investigation, we targeted the IFN signaling pathway-mediating protein, N-Myc(and STAT) interactor(Nmi). Its interaction with P6 was confirmed within cells. The results showed that P6 can promote the ubiquitin-dependent proteosomal degradation of Nmi. This study revealed a new mechanism of SARS-Co V P6 in limiting the IFN signaling to promote SARS-Co V survival in host cells.     

Interactions between M protein and other structural proteins of severe,acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) structural proteins (S, E, M, and NC) localize in different subcellular positions when expressed individually. However, SARS-CoV M protein is co-localized almost entirely with S, E, or NC protein when co-expressed in the cells. On the other hand, only partial co-localization was observed when S and E, S and NC, or E and NC were co-expressed in the cells. Interactions between SARS-CoV M and other structural proteins but not interactions between S and E, S and NC, or E and NC were further demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation assay. These results indicate that SARS-CoV M protein, similar to the M proteins of other coronaviruses, plays a pivotal role in virus assembly. The cytoplasmic C-terminus domain of SARS-CoV M protein was responsible for binding to NC protein. Multiple regions of M protein interacted with E and S proteins. A model for the interactions between SARS-CoV M protein and other structural proteins is proposed. This study helps us better understand protein-protein interactions during viral assembly of SARS-CoV. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

A real-time PCR for SARS-coronavirus incorporating target gene pre-amplification

An enhanced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect the coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) was developed in which a target gene pre-amplification step preceded TaqMan real-time fluorescent PCR. Clinical samples were collected from 120 patients diagnosed as suspected or probable SARS cases and analyzed by conventional PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis, conventional TaqMan real-time PCR, and our enhanced TaqMan real-time PCR assays. An amplicon of the size expected from SARS-CoV was obtained from 28/120 samples using the enhanced real-time PCR method. Conventional PCR and real-time PCR alone identified fewer SARS-CoV positive cases. Results were confirmed by viral culture in 3/28 cases. The limit of detection of the enhanced real-time PCR method was 10(2)-fold higher than the standard real-time PCR assay and 10(7)-fold higher than conventional PCR methods. The increased sensitivity of the assay may help control the spread of the disease during future SARS outbreaks.     

Preliminary study on the detection of the SARS-CoV specific target cDNA fragments by multiplex PCR

The multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was applied to detect the SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) specific target cDNA fragments in the present study. The target cDNA fragments of SARS-CoV were synthesized artificially according to the genome sequence of SARS-CoV in GenBank submitted by The Chinese University of Hong Kong, and were used as simulated positive samples. Five primers recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) were used to amplify the fragments by single PCR and multiplex PCR. Three target cDNA fragments (121, 182 and 302 bp), as well as the three different combinations of any two of these fragments, were amplified by single PCR. The combination of these three fragments was amplified by multiplex PCR. The re~sults indicated that the multiplex PCR technique could be applied to detect the SARS-CoV specific target cDNA fragments successfully.