一种新型国产内镜射频消融治疗仪对胃食管反流病的疗效

目的:探讨一种新型国产内镜射频消融治疗仪对胃食管反流病(GERD)的疗效。方法:选取2016年6月-2017年6月来我院就诊的难治性GERD患者50例,随机分为内镜射频治疗组(美顿Medi誖射频治疗仪,n=25)与药物治疗组(n=25)。比较两组患者干预前后的酸反流严重程度、胃食管反流病自测量表(GerdQ)评分、质子泵抑制剂(PPI)的药物使用率、简明健康调查量表(SF-36)评分。结果:(1)内镜射频治疗组患者干预后即刻的胃镜提示射频消融治疗区域的消化道黏膜出现收缩、增厚,干预后6、12个月分别有15例(60.0%)、20例(80.0%)的食管下段黏膜的充血带较前减少。(2)两组干预后3、12个月的GerdQ总分均显著低于干预前(P0.05),内镜射频治疗组干预后3、12个月的GerdQ总分均显著低于同期药物治疗组(P0.05)。(3)全部患者干预前均需要药物来缓解症状,内镜射频治疗组干预3、12个月时的PPI药物使用率均显著低于药物治疗组(P0.05)。(4)内镜射频治疗组干预后SF-36的生理职能、生命活力、精神状态、总体健康等维度评分均显著高于同期药物治疗组(P0.05)。结论:美顿Medi?射频治疗仪对GERD患者是一种安全、有效的治疗选择,能显著改善反流症状,减少PPI药物使用,提高患者的生活质量。     

Key factors associated with social distress after prostate cancer: Results from the United Kingdom Life after Prostate Cancer diagnosis study

BackgroundMore men are living following a prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. They may need support to maximize the quality of their survival. Physical and psychological impacts of PCa are widely documented. Less is known about social impacts. We aimed to identify key factors associated with social distress following PCa.MethodsThe Life After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis study is a UK national cross-sectional survey of men 18–42 months post diagnosis of PCa. Men (n = 58 930) were invited to participate by their diagnosing cancer centre including 82% of English NHS Trusts (n = 111) and 100% of all Health Boards in Northern Ireland (n = 5), Scotland (n = 14) and Wales (n = 6). Social distress was measured using the Social Difficulties Inventory (SDI-21), 16 item Social Distress scale with men assigned to ‘socially distressed’/‘not socially distressed’ groups, according to published guidelines. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were collected from self-report and cancer registries.ResultsResponse rate 60.8% (n = 35 823) of whom 97% (n = 29 351) completed the Social Distress scale (mean age = 71.2; SD = 7.88). The proportion of ‘socially distressed’ men was 9.4%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed unemployment versus employment (odds ratio (OR): 11.58 [95% CI 9.16–14.63]) and ≥3 co-morbidities versus none (OR: 5.37 [95% CI 4.61–6.27]) as key associations. Others were Androgen Deprivation Therapy, External Beam Radiotherapy in combination with another treatment, age, prior mental health problems and living in a socio-economically deprived area.ConclusionMost men following PCa are socially resilient. A simple checklist could help clinicians identify men at risk of social distress.     

p-CPA enhances growth and quality of muskelon fruits

The effects of para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid(p-CPA) application in improving the reduction in growthrate and sugar accumulation, and on the peel color and firmness ofparthenocarpic fruit, and its residual content in the treated fruit wereexamined. p-CPA application to parthenocarpic fruit duringthe rapid growth stage [5 or 10 days after anthesis (DAA)] enhanced the fruitweight, but was ineffective when applied at 40 DAA. p-CPA– promoting of fruit growth increased as the applied concentration rose,so the weight of fruit treated by p-CPA at 500 mgL^–1 (the highest level) was the greatest in all plots;however the peel was considerably softer and abnormal swelling occurred in thenet. p-CPA applied to parthenocarpic fruit from 5 to 25DAAincreased sucrose content, the most effective application time being justbeforethe onset of sucrose accumulation (25 DAA). Fructose and glucose contents wereconsiderably lower than that of sucrose, and were not affected byp-CPA. p-CPA promoted sucroseaccumulation when applied to pollinated fruit, which showed the highest levelofenhancement in all plots. During the maturation period, the peel ofparthenocarpic fruit was a darker green color and the netting did not fullydevelop compared to pollinated fruit. p-CPA applicationsat10 or 25 DAA improved the peel color and netting of parthenocarpic fruits;therefore, the L value was similar to that of seeded fruit and the hue angledeclined. Applications of p-CPA during the early growthstage reduced the firmness of the mesocarp concomitant with increases in theapplied concentrations. p-CPA was present in the fruit atharvest, when applied from 10 to 25 DAA, even at 20 mgL^–1. The residue level increased as the appliedconcentration rose, but p-CPA was not detected in thenon-treated plot.     

A predictive high‐throughput scale‐down model of monoclonal antibody production in CHO cells

Multi‐factorial experimentation is essential in understanding the link between mammalian cell culture conditions and the glycoprotein product of any biomanufacturing process. This understanding is increasingly demanded as bioprocess development is influenced by the Quality by Design paradigm. We have developed a system that allows hundreds of micro‐bioreactors to be run in parallel under controlled conditions, enabling factorial experiments of much larger scope than is possible with traditional systems. A high‐throughput analytics workflow was also developed using commercially available instruments to obtain product quality information for each cell culture condition. The micro‐bioreactor system was tested by executing a factorial experiment varying four process parameters: pH, dissolved oxygen, feed supplement rate, and reduced glutathione level. A total of 180 micro‐bioreactors were run for 2 weeks during this DOE experiment to assess this scaled down micro‐bioreactor system as a high‐throughput tool for process development. Online measurements of pH, dissolved oxygen, and optical density were complemented by offline measurements of glucose, viability, titer, and product quality. Model accuracy was assessed by regressing the micro‐bioreactor results with those obtained in conventional 3 L bioreactors. Excellent agreement was observed between the micro‐bioreactor and the bench‐top bioreactor. The micro‐bioreactor results were further analyzed to link parameter manipulations to process outcomes via leverage plots, and to examine the interactions between process parameters. The results show that feed supplement rate has a significant effect (P < 0.05) on all performance metrics with higher feed rates resulting in greater cell mass and product titer. Culture pH impacted terminal integrated viable cell concentration, titer and intact immunoglobulin G titer, with better results obtained at the lower pH set point. The results demonstrate that a micro‐scale system can be an excellent model of larger scale systems, while providing data sets broader and deeper than are available by traditional methods. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 1107–1120. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

食品质量与安全专业学生病原微生物检测技能培养的探讨

本文探讨了食品质量与安全专业在普通微生物学实验的基础上, 加强病原微生物检测实验课程设置的原则、思路和内容; 并进一步探讨了该专业病原微生物检测技能的培养方法, 包括预习、现代化教学手段的采用、教学内容与科研的结合、研究生辅助教学、实验报告的撰写、实验技能的考核; 通过教学实践证明该教学方法可行, 教学效果良好。     

Accurate quantitation of standard peptides used for quantitative proteomics

MS‐based proteomics has become an indispensable tool in system biology generating a need for accurate and precise quantitation of peptide standards. The presented method utilizes ultra performance LC‐MS/MS (UPLC‐MS/MS) to accurately quantify peptide standards at concentrations of 0.1–10 μM. The ability for accurate quantitation of micro‐molar concentrations has the advantages that quantitation can be performed routinely with high precision and the high sensitivity of the method minimizes the amounts required.     

抗ErbB2嵌合抗体chA21大规模纯化工艺的建立及质量研究

自行研制的抗ErbB2嵌合抗体chA21具有抑制高表达ErbB2的乳腺癌细胞生长的作用。在前期小规模培养和纯化工作的基础上,以填充床生物反应器大规模培养CHO工程细胞株表达的上清为原料,采用亲和层析、凝胶过滤除盐、阳离子交换层析、分子筛等步骤,分离纯化嵌合抗体chA21,建立了大规模纯化工艺,并按照中国药典（2005年版第三部）对最终产品进行全面鉴定和质量控制。该工艺能有效解决抗体纯化过程形成的多聚体问题,去除内毒素和DNA残留;可以确保每批纯化20~40L培养上清,每批收获嵌合抗体可达5g以上,蛋白总回收率大于50％,纯度可达98％。研究结果表明,该抗体纯化工艺得率高,质量控制方法稳定可靠,适用于大规模生产。     

广西桑蚕茧丝质量与性能指标的测定分析

本研究对广西桑蚕茧的茧丝质量与性能指标进行了测定分析.结果表明,广西桑蚕茧外形略小,茧层丝胶含量、茧层易溶丝胶含量、丝胶溶解性以及茧丝纤度等主要指标均与江浙夏秋用桑蚕茧有明显差异.桑蚕茧的茧层丝胶含量、易溶丝胶含量随庄口、季节不同而有显著差异;春季桂南地区的蚕茧茧层丝胶含量高于桂西北地区,秋季刚好相反.茧层易溶丝胶含量在11.6%～14.4%之间,约占丝胶总含量的41%～45%,茧层易溶丝胶含量和解舒率呈显著的正相关关系,即茧层易溶丝胶含量越多,蚕茧解舒越好.庄口和季节是影响桑蚕茧层易溶丝胶含量高低与蚕茧解舒优劣的重要因素.广西桑蚕茧层丝胶对煮茧温度更敏感,茧丝纤度粗细变化开差大.因此,我们认为目前困扰广西桑蚕茧加工技术突破的原因之一是缫丝工艺技术,采用传统缫丝工艺技术难以正常发挥广西桑蚕茧的茧丝优势与特性.     

Model‐Based Quality Assessment and Base‐Calling for Second‐Generation Sequencing Data

Summary Second‐generation sequencing (sec‐gen) technology can sequence millions of short fragments of DNA in parallel, making it capable of assembling complex genomes for a small fraction of the price and time of previous technologies. In fact, a recently formed international consortium, the 1000 Genomes Project, plans to fully sequence the genomes of approximately 1200 people. The prospect of comparative analysis at the sequence level of a large number of samples across multiple populations may be achieved within the next five years. These data present unprecedented challenges in statistical analysis. For instance, analysis operates on millions of short nucleotide sequences, or reads—strings of A,C,G, or T's, between 30 and 100 characters long—which are the result of complex processing of noisy continuous fluorescence intensity measurements known as base‐calling. The complexity of the base‐calling discretization process results in reads of widely varying quality within and across sequence samples. This variation in processing quality results in infrequent but systematic errors that we have found to mislead downstream analysis of the discretized sequence read data. For instance, a central goal of the 1000 Genomes Project is to quantify across‐sample variation at the single nucleotide level. At this resolution, small error rates in sequencing prove significant, especially for rare variants. Sec‐gen sequencing is a relatively new technology for which potential biases and sources of obscuring variation are not yet fully understood. Therefore, modeling and quantifying the uncertainty inherent in the generation of sequence reads is of utmost importance. In this article, we present a simple model to capture uncertainty arising in the base‐calling procedure of the Illumina/Solexa GA platform. Model parameters have a straightforward interpretation in terms of the chemistry of base‐calling allowing for informative and easily interpretable metrics that capture the variability in sequencing quality. Our model provides these informative estimates readily usable in quality assessment tools while significantly improving base‐calling performance.     

Applicability of bacterial endotoxins test to various blood products by the use of endotoxin-specific lysates

Endotoxin contamination is a serious threat to the safety of parenteral drugs, and the rabbit pyrogen test has played a crucial role in controlling this contamination. Although the highly sensitive endotoxin test has replaced the pyrogen test for various pharmaceuticals, the pyrogen test is still implemented as the control test for most blood products in Japan. We examined the applicability of the endotoxin test to blood products for reliable detection and quantification of endotoxin. Nineteen types of blood products were tested for interfering factors based on spike/recovery of endotoxin by using 2 types of endotoxin-specific lysate reagents for photometric techniques. Interfering effects on the endotoxin test by the products could be eliminated by diluting from 1/2 to 1/16, with the exception of antithrombin III. However, conventional lysate reagents that also react with non-pyrogenic substances, such as (1–3)-β-d-glucan, produced results that were not relevant to endotoxin content or pyrogenicity. Our results showed that the endotoxin test would be applicable to most blood products if used with appropriate endotoxin-specific lysate reagents.