bcl-2癌基因蛋白在鼻咽癌以及单克隆癌细胞裸鼠体内连续传代中的表达

用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ方法,检测了４０例低分化鼻咽癌、３０例鼻咽癌克隆细胞裸鼠移植瘤、１０例慢性鼻咽炎及８例人胚鼻咽上皮组织石蜡包埋切片中抗凋亡基因ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达;并进一步检测了鼻咽癌克隆株在裸鼠体内演进中ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达以及与淋巴结转移之间的关系。结果表明：鼻咽癌及其裸鼠移植瘤组织中ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达率分别为６２．５％和７０％,慢性鼻咽炎中ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达率为１０％,人胚鼻咽上皮组织中不表达ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白,鼻咽癌及其裸鼠移植瘤组织中ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达率明显高于慢性鼻咽炎组织中（Ｐ＜０．０１）;鼻咽癌克隆株演进中癌细胞ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达不断升高,其淋巴结转移率亦不断升高。提示：抗凋亡基因ｂｃｌ－２癌蛋白的表达可能和鼻咽癌的发生、演进及转移能力密切相关     

Epstein-Barr viral antigens used in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

The major antigen complexes of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) include the latent infectious proteins, early antigens, membrane antigens and viral capsid antigens. The various polypeptides within each antigen complex have been identified and isolated through gene-cloning technology. These polypeptides are exploited to be used as serological markers for the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This paper reviews the recent studies on the profile of antibodies in patients with NPC towards these EBV polypeptides of each antigen complex. The sensitivity and specificity of each polypeptide when used as serological markers to NPC patients' sera are summarized.     

β‐Carotene Induces Apoptosis in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines via the Cav‐1/AKT/NF‐κB Signaling Pathway

β‐carotene, a type of terpenoid, has many metabolic and physiological functions. In particular, β‐carotene has an antitumor effect. However, the efficacy of β‐carotene against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. In our study, β‐carotene inhibited the growth of ESCC cells and downregulated expression of the Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) protein. Cav‐1 protein was expressed only in ESCC cells, not in Het‐1A cells. Moreover, β‐carotene triggered apoptosis, induced cell cycle G0?G1 phase arrest, and inhibited cell migration. To explore the mechanism involved in these processes, we further examined the effect of β‐carotene on the Cav‐1‐mediated AKT/NF‐κB pathway. The results showed that the level of AKT and NF‐κB phosphorylation was dramatically inhibited, which led to an increase in the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio. Correspondingly, the activity of Caspase‐3 was also enhanced. These data suggest that β‐carotene has an antiproliferative role in ESCC cells and may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for use against ESCC cells.     

The Nitric Oxide Prodrug JS‐K Induces Ca2+‐Mediated Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common and deadly forms of human malignancies. JS‐K, O²‐(2, 4‐dinitrophenyl) 1‐ [(4‐ethoxycarbonyl) piperazin‐1‐yl] diazen‐1‐ium‐1, 2‐diolate, has the ability to induce apoptosis of tumor cell lines. In the present study, JS‐K inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner and significantly induced apoptosis. JS‐K enhanced the ratio of Bax‐to‐Bcl‐2, released of cytochrome c (Cyt c) from mitochondria and the activated caspase‐9/3. JS‐K caused an increasing cytosolic Ca²⁺ and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Carboxy‐PTIO (a NO scavenger) and BAPTA‐AM (an intracellular Ca²⁺ chelator) significantly blocked an increasing cytosolic Ca²⁺ in JS‐K‐induced HepG2 cells apoptosis, especially Carboxy‐PTIO. Meanwhile, Carboxy‐PTIO and BAPTA‐AM treatment both attenuate JS‐K‐induced apoptosis through upregulation of Bcl‐2, downregulation of Bax, reduction of Cyt c release from mitochondria to cytoplasm and inactivation of caspase‐9/3. In summary, JS‐K induced HepG2 cells apoptosis via Ca²⁺/caspase‐3‐mediated mitochondrial pathway.     

EM-3通过Stat3通路诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡和G_2/M期阻滞并降低SP细胞比例

目的:研究白花地胆草(Elephantopus mollis H.B.K)的乙醇提取物EM-3抗肿瘤作用分子机制。方法:MTT、克隆形成抑制和细胞划痕实验检测EM-3对鼻咽癌细胞增殖、迁移能力的影响;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测细胞凋亡;PI单染检测细胞周期;超速流式分选细胞仪检测鼻咽癌CNE2-S18肿瘤干细胞样SP细胞(side population cell)比例;Western blotting检测细胞凋亡、周期、侵袭迁移及肿瘤干细胞相关蛋白表达变化。结果:MTT、克隆形成抑制和细胞划痕实验结果表明,EM-3可以显著抑制鼻咽癌细胞的增殖,随着药物浓度的增大,细胞克隆数逐渐减少,体积逐渐变小,而且能够显著抑制鼻咽癌细胞的迁移;流式细胞术结果表明随着药物浓度的增加,凋亡率逐渐增加,并且G_2/M期细胞比例逐渐增加;超速流式分选细胞仪结果表明,EM-3可以显著降低CNE2-S18肿瘤干细胞样SP细胞的比例;Western blotting结果表明,随着药物浓度的增加,x IAP、Bcl-2、Cyclin D1、MMP2(药物高浓度)、MMP9、p-Met、Oct4(药物高浓度)及Sox2蛋白表达减少,而Cyclin B1、Bax蛋白表达增多,并伴随Caspase-9、Caspase-3活化及多聚ADP核糖聚合酶PARP酶切失活。结论:EM-3通过抑制Stat3通路诱导鼻咽癌细胞发生凋亡,并诱导G_2/M期阻滞。此外,EM-3经MMPs途径抑制鼻咽癌细胞迁移,同时可以有效降低CNE2-S18肿瘤干细胞样SP细胞干性。     

Mir-378a-5p抑制鼻咽癌细胞系CNE-1 细胞增殖以及肿瘤生长的初步研究*

目的： MiR-378a-5p是一种被认为在多种肿瘤发生过程中具有抑制肿瘤生长的微小RNA。然而miR-378a-5p在鼻咽癌中的 作用尚未见报道。因此,本文旨在通过临床样本的miRNA 表达谱分析以及细胞学实验从而揭示miR-378a-5p在鼻咽癌肿瘤发生过程中的作用。方法与结果：我们通过生物信息学的方法获取了鼻咽癌临床样本中miR-378a-5p的表达信息并通过与正常组织的 对比发现miR-378a-5p在鼻咽癌肿瘤组织中表达水平显著降低（P<0.01）。其次,我们发现高表达miR-378a-5p的鼻咽癌CNE-1 细 胞增殖速度显著较对照组降低（约40%~50%）。克隆形成实验证实了瞬时转染miR-378a-5p的鼻咽癌CNE-1 细胞的克隆形成数 量显著减弱。我们通过将稳定表达miR-378a-5p的CNE-1 细胞注射到裸鼠体内形成移植瘤并记录肿瘤生长曲线,结果显示 miR-378a-5p高表达组的裸鼠移植瘤体积明显较对照组小约50%,肿瘤重量显著降低(对照组0.33 g,处理组0.15 g)。结论：本研究通过对临床样本的分析以及在细胞和动物水平的实验验证揭示了miR-378a-5p具有抑制鼻咽癌肿瘤细胞增殖和肿瘤生长的作用。     

肝细胞癌根治性切除术后预后因素分析

目的:探讨影响肝细胞癌患者根治性术后预后相关因素。方法:回顾性分析2004年1月1日至2009年12月31日245例我院行根治性切除术的肝细胞癌患者,采用Kaplan-Meier法和Cox比例风险模型分析临床资料、手术过程、病理特征与预后的关系。结果:多因素分析结果显示术前AFP水平、术中出血量、TNM分期是影响无进展生存时间和总生存时间的独立风险因素。术前AFP水平越高、术中出血量越大、TNM分期越晚则患者无进展生存时间及总生存时间明显缩短。此外,患者出现肿瘤组织局部坏死、门静脉癌栓,则总生存时间明显缩短。结论:术前AFP水平、术中出血量、TNM分期是外科根治性切除术后肝细胞癌患者复发及死亡的相关因素,对于临床医师判断预后及延长术后生存时间具有重要的临床意义。     

用转染EB病毒基因片段的真核细胞检测鼻咽癌病人的抗EB病毒核抗原-1(EBNA-1)抗体

用转染EBV DNA Bam HI K片段后稳定表达EBNA-1的K_4细胞作为靶细胞,检测50份鼻咽癌病人和38份健康对照者血清中的IgG/EBNA-1抗体;阳性率分别为100％和92％。前者的平均几何滴度为89.4,后者为18.3,前者约为后者的5倍。同一批被检血清经SPA吸收去除IgG竞争性抑制后,鼻咽癌病人的IgA/EBNA-1抗体阳性率达78％(GMT 20.9),健康人的IgA/EBNA-1抗体阳性率仅5.3％,效价亦很低(GMT 5.2)。表明IgA/EBNA-1抗体对鼻咽癌是比较特异的,可考虑作为鼻咽癌血清学诊断的指标之一。     

青春型双歧杆菌对肿瘤红细胞免疫花环的促进作用

本文应用青春型双歧杆菌对艾氏腹水瘤小鼠腹腔接种,经用肿瘤红细胞花环作为检测指标,结果实验组与对照组有显著差别(经方差分析F值=5.5 P<0.01)。从这一结果可初步判断双歧杆菌可以经旁路激活补体及促进红细胞的免疫功能,进而达到抗肿瘤作用。     

人鼻咽组织中Epstein-Barr病毒基因组存在状态的分析

Burkitt淋巴瘤和未分化型鼻咽癌的细胞中存在着Epstein-Barr病毒(EBV)的基因组,在前者虽经长期体外培养,病毒基因组仍持续存在,并部分地表达。这些现象提示,至少有一些EBV基因组是整合在寄主细胞的DNA中。Kieff等用染色体原位杂交检测Burkitt淋巴瘤Namalwa细胞株和EBV转化的人脐带血B淋巴细胞IB_4株,发现病毒DNA是整合在前者的1号染色体上,在后者则整合