Simple sequence repeat genetic linkage maps of A-genome diploid cotton (Gossypium arboreum)

This study introduces the construction of the first intraspacific genetic linkage map of the A-genome diploid cotton with newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers using 189 F2 plants derived from the cross of two Asiatic parents were detected using 6 092 pairs of SSR primers. Two-hundred and sixty-eight pairs of SSR pdmers with better polymorphisms were picked out to analyze the F2 population. In total, 320 polymorphic bands were generated and used to construct a linkage map with JoinMap3.0. Two-hundred and sixty-seven loci, Including three phenotypic traits were mapped at a logarithms of odds ratio (LOD) ≥ 3.0 on 13 linkage groups. The total length of the map was 2 508.71 cM, and the average distance between adjacent markers was 9.40 cM. Chromosome assignments were according to the association of linkages with our backbone tetraploid specific map using the 89 similar SSR loci. Comparisons among the 13 suites of orthologous linkage groups revealed that the A-genome chromosomes are largely collinear with the At and Dt sub-genome chromosomes. Chromosomes associated with inversions suggested that allopolyploidization was accompanied by homologous chromosomal rearrangement. The inter-chromosomal duplicated loci supply molecular evidence that the A-genome diploid Asiatic cotton is paleopolyploid.     

A general approach for sample size and power calculations based on the Haseman-Elston method

Risch and Zhang (1995; Science 268: 1584-9) reported a simple sample size and power calculation approach for the Haseman-Elston method and based their computations on the null hypothesis of no genetic effect. We argue that the more reasonable null hypothesis is that of no recombination. For this null hypothesis, we provide a general approach for sample size and power calculations within the Haseman-Elston framework. We demonstrate the validity of our approach in a Monte-Carlo simulation study and illustrate the differences using data from published segregation analyses on body weight and heritability estimates on carotid artery artherosclerotic lesions.     

常染色体显性遗传小眼球病与12个微卫星多态标志的初步连锁分析

本文报道了一个常染色体显性遗传小眼球的大家系,初步排除了此家系致病基因在目前已知位点(CHX10、MITF、RX、MCOP、NNO1、NNO2)的可能,并探讨了与11号染色体上的微卫星DNA标志的连锁关系。采用聚合酶链(PCR)扩增微卫星DNA片段,扩增产物进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,用银染显示结果;用MLINK连锁分析软件计算LOD值。结果显示,本家系小眼球致病基因与6个已知位点及11号染色体上的微卫星DNA标志之间不存在连锁,提示此家系的致病位点目前尚未被定位。     

中国对虾抗WSSV及其它经济性状的QTL定位初步研究

以中国对虾抗WSSV选育群体第四代雌虾和野生中国对虾雄虾为亲本,采用人工精荚移植方式产生F1代家系,家系内个体姊妹交获得R家系材料,42尾R家系个体采用口饲法进行WSSV（White Spot Syndrome Virus）攻毒实验,获得个体抗WSSV及其它相关数据。构建了中国对虾的AFLP（Amphfied Fragment Length Polymorphism）分子标记遗传连锁图谱。利用MAPMAKER／QTL1．1软件进行了中国对虾体长、全长、体重及抗WSSV性状的QTL（Quantitative TraitsLoci）定位分析,首次实现了中国对虾重要经济性状的QTL定位。在LOD值大于2．0的条件下,共检测到和体长相关的QTL位点1个,与全长相关的QTL位点2个,与体重相关的QTL位点2个,与抗WSSV性状相关的位点2个,分别位于3个连锁群上,位点变异解释率从26．6％-66．9％不等。在其中的1个连锁群上检测到了体重、全长和抗WSSV性状相关的三个QTL位点,1个连锁群上检测到了体重和抗WSSV性状相关的两个QTL位点,1个连锁群上检测到了全长和体长相关的两个QTL位点。表明在中国对虾在此生长阶段,抗WSSV性状和个体大小存在一定程度的正相关关系[动物学报54（6）：1075-1081,2008]。     

Linkage map of Japanese black pine based on AFLP and RAPD markers including markers linked to resistance against the pine needle gall midge

Macrogametophytes derived from the seeds of a tree resistant to pine needle gall midge (PGM) were analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). A total of 244 segregating loci were detected among 71 macrogametophytes. Combining the AFLP results with previously reported segregation data for 127 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, 157 AFLP and 50 RAPD markers with confirmed map positions were assigned to 20 linkage groups and three pairs covering 2085.5 cM with an average distance of 10.1 cM. The total map distance covers about 77.1–78.4% of the total genome, estimated to be approximately 2665–2719 cM in length. Thus, using AFLP markers, the previous RAPD map of this tree was improved in terms of the average distance between markers, the total map distance, and coverage of the genome. Three RAPD markers linked to a gene associated with resistance to PGM were also located on this map. Rceived: 14 April 2000 / Accepted: 21 August 2000     

Hairy pinnae in Kerala

The study of hairs on the different parts of the pinna of adult males among the endogamous groups of Kerala province, India, revealed age trends, differences among the groups, and high correlations between the frequency of hairs in certain regions of the ear. The greatest incidence of hypertrichosis was found in the lower helix, followed by the tragus, middle helix, lobe, and top of helix. A gradual increase in the frequency of the trait with age occurred in the antitragus and tragus, and a decrease with age in the lower and middle helix. As hair at the top of the helix remains constant in frequency with age and is present in all populations studied, it is a useful anthropological marker.     

A map of rye chromosome 2R using isozyme and morphological markers

Summary The segregation of isozymic loci for leaf peroxidases (L2Per) has been investigated in backcrosses and F₂ offspring of rye lines having purple seeds (Ps) and monstrosum ears (mo). The Ps, L2Per-3b, mo, and L2Per-2 loci were linked. The Ps and mo loci have been previously located on the 2R chromosome, and the L2Per-3b and L2Per-2 loci have been located on the 2RS chromosome arm. The results favor the gene order Ps ... L2Per-3b ... mo ... L2Per-2 or Ps ... mo... L2Per-3b ... L2Per-2. The position of the loci relative to the centromere is still not known, but the obtained results suggest that the mo locus could be located on the 2RS chromosome arm. On the basis of previously reported linkage groups, the most probable arrangement of the loci located on chromosome 2R is: dw2 ... Ps ... (L2Per-3a ... L2Per-3b ... mo) ... L2Per-2. It has not been possible to know the position of L2Per-4 loci (also located on 2RS chromosome arm) relative to L2Per-3a and L2Per-3b loci.