丹参注射液与丹参多酚酸盐注射液对不稳定型心绞痛患者冠状动脉微循环的影响

目的:比较丹参注射液与丹参多酚酸盐注射液对不稳定型心绞痛(UA)患者冠状动脉微循环的影响。方法:将2014年5月～2017年5月105例UA患者随机分为丹参组(n=50)与丹参多酚酸盐组(n=55),前者在PCI术前静脉滴注丹参注射液20 mL,1次/d,连续3 d;后者静脉滴注丹参多酚酸盐注射液200 mg,1次/d,连续3 d。分别在PCI术前及术后即刻检测冠状动脉血流储备(CFR)、冠状动脉微循环阻力系数(IMR)及TIMI血流分级。结果:两组术后CFR、IMR及TIMI血流分级均较术前明显改善(P0.05),丹参多酚酸盐组IMR明显小于丹参组(P0.05),CFR、TIMI血流分级与丹参组比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:丹参注射液与丹参多酚酸盐注射液均能显著改善UA患者的冠状动脉微循环,丹参多酚酸盐注射液一定程度上优于丹参注射液。     

黄芪注射液联合布地奈德治疗支气管哮喘急性发作期患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨黄芪注射液联合布地奈德治疗支气管哮喘急性发作期患者的疗效及对免疫功能的影响,为临床用药提供依据。方法:选取2016年2月至2017年2月在我院接受治疗的94例支气管哮喘急性发作期患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方式将患者分为布地奈德组(n=46)与联合组(n=48)。布地奈德组患者给予布地奈德经口吸入治疗,联合组患者在此基础上联用黄芪注射液治疗,两组均治疗2周。分别于治疗前和治疗2周后测量患者第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%)和第一秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC),测定患者血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,并检测所有患者的CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+,计算CD4~+/CD8~+。比较两组患者治疗2周后的疗效。结果:治疗2周后,两组患者FEV1%、FEV1/FVC均明显上升,且联合组的FEV1%、FEV1/FVC明显高于布地奈德组(P0.05)。治疗2周后,两组患者IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17及TNF-α水平均明显下降,且联合组的IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-17及TNF-α水平明显低于布地奈德组P0.05)。治疗2周后,两组患者的CD3~+、CD4~+以及CD4~+/CD8~+均明显上升,且联合组的CD3~+、CD4~+以及CD4~+/CD8~+明显高于布地奈德组(P0.05)。联合组总有效率为95.83%,明显高于布地奈德组的82.61%(P0.05)。结论:黄芪注射液联合布地奈德对支气管哮喘急性发作期患者疗效显著,能明显改善患者肺功能和炎性指标,并能明显提高患者免疫功能,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Clinical utility of decorin in follicular fluid as a biomarker of oocyte potential

This study investigated the concentration of decorin (DCN) in mature follicular fluid and the existence in the granulosa cells. It also investigated whether DCN is useful as a biomarker for outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART). A retrospective cohort study was performed involving 130 oocytes of 88 patients treated with ART because of unexplained infertility. The concentration of DCN in the follicular fluid (F-DCN) was 39.26 ng/ml (median value); it was higher than that in serum. F-DCN of the oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was significantly lower than that of oocytes that were not fertilized (33.24 ng/ml vs 40.18 ng/ml; P = 0.043). When a cut-off level of 34.5 ng/ml was set according to the receiver-operating characteristic curve, the fertilization rate of the oocytes from the follicles in which F-DCN was lower than the cut-off level tended to be good compared to that of the oocytes with F-DCN higher than the cut-off level (P = 0.052). DCN is less likely to be produced by the granulosa cells (GCs), because it was not detected in GCs by immunostaining and Western blot analysis. F-DCN has a possibility to be a biomarker indicating the quality of oocytes collected from the corresponding follicle.     

喜炎平注射液联合更昔洛韦对病毒性肺炎患儿的疗效及肺功能指标和血清IL-6、TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨喜炎平注射液联合更昔洛韦(GCV)治疗小儿病毒性肺炎的临床效果及对患儿肺功能和血清白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平的影响。方法:选取我院2015年1月～2017年3月收治的122例病毒性肺炎患儿,按照随机数字表法均分为两组。对照组给予GCV治疗,观察组在此基础上联合喜炎平治疗。比较两组的临床疗效、治疗前后肺功能指标与血清IL-6、TNF-α水平的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗21天后,观察组总有效率达91.8%,较对照组明显升高(78.7%,P0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组治疗21 d后达峰容积比(VPTEF/VE)、每公斤潮气量(VT/kg)值均显著上升(P0.01),呼吸频率(RR)、血清IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著降低(P0.01),且观察组以上指标改善较对照组更显著(P0.01)。两组不良反应发生率相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:喜炎平注射液联合更昔洛韦治疗小儿病毒性肺炎的疗效明显优于更昔洛韦单药治疗,其能更有效改善患者肺功能,控制机体炎症反应,且安全性高。     

腹腔注射腺病毒pMultiRNAi-Ldhc对高原鼠兔骨骼肌Ldhc基因的沉默效果

腹腔注射是一种简单且方便给药的方式,为了验证腹腔注射腺病毒pMultiRNAi-Ldhc对高原鼠兔(Ochotonacurzoniac)骨骼肌Ldhc基因沉默的可行性,将27只高原鼠兔分为干扰组、空壳组和空白对照组,每组各9只个体,干扰组和空壳组分别注射0.65ml腺病毒pMultiRNAi-Ldhc和腺病毒pMultiRNAi-NS,空白对照组注射等量生理盐水,注射后7d检测骨骼肌中Ldhc基因mRNA和蛋白的表达水平,测定了乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和乳酸(LD)及三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的含量。结果表明,与空白对照组相比,干扰组在mRNA和蛋白水平上,Ldhc基因表达分别降低了41.73%和15.76%;乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性、乳酸(LD)和ATP含量分别降低了23.98%、51.08%和19.29%。结果说明,腹腔注射腺病毒pMultiRNAi-Ldhc能有效沉默骨骼肌中Ldhc基因表达。     

Simultaneous Detection of Creatine and Creatinine using a Sequential Injection Analysis/Biosensor System

Abstract

Carbon paste based biosensors for the determination of creatine and creatinine have been integrated into a sequential injection system. Applying the multi‐enzyme sequence of creatininase (CA), and/or creatinase (CI) and sarcosine oxidase (SO), hydrogen peroxide has been detected amperometrically. The linear concentration ranges are of pmol/L to nmol/L magnitude, with very low limits of detection. The proposed SIA system can be utilized reliably for the on‐line simultaneous detection of creatine and creatinine in pharmaceutical products, as well as in serum samples, with a rate of 34 samples per hour and RSD values better than 0.16% (n=10).     

Analysis of birth defects among children 3 years after conception through assisted reproductive technology in China

BACKGROUND : Previous studies inconsistently suggest that assisted reproduction technology (ART) may increase the risk of birth defects in children. METHOD(S) : Live birth infants, conceived by in vitro fertilization fresh embryo transfer (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection fresh embryo transfer (ICSI), or frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET) in Reproductive Center of Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China) between 1997 and 2008, were followed up at birth and after 3 years. Preterm pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, sex ratio (male/female), congenital malformation were compared. RESULT(S) : A total of 4,236 children were born after ART (IVF 2,543, ICSI 908, FET 785). Compared with IVF, the rate of preterm pregnancy and sex ratio in ICSI were lower (p < 0.05); the rate of multiple pregnancy in ICSI and FET were all lower than IVF (p < 0.05). Congenital defects were comparable in all groups at birth. In total, 2,908 children participated in the second follow‐up from 34 months to 60 months with an average of 40 months, and the cases of birth defects had doubled (3 years: 5.16%, birth: 2.22%). The birth defect rate in boys conceived through ICSI was significantly higher than the IVF group after 3‐year follow‐up (ICSI boys: 8.62%, IVF boys: 5.21% [p < 0.05]), even though there was no significant difference at birth. CONCLUSION(S) : Compared with IVF, FET may not increase risk of birth defects. Children conceived through ICSI, especially males, had higher rates of congenital malformations that were inapparent at birth. So longitudinal monitoring may provide insights into the risks of ART. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:744–749, 2013. 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A novel green analytical procedure for monitoring of azoxystrobin in water samples by a flow injection chemiluminescence method with off‐line ultrasonic treatment

A simple and green flow injection chemiluminescence (FI‐CL) method for determination of the fungicide azoxystrobin was described for the first time. CL signal was generated when azoxystrobin was injected into a mixed stream of luminol and KMnO₄. The CL signal of azoxystrobin could be greatly improved when an off‐line ultrasonic treatment was adopted. Meanwhile, the signal intensity increases with the analyte concentration proportionally. Several variables, such as the ultrasonic parameters, flow rate of reagents, concentrations of sodium hydroxide solution and CL reagents (potassium permanganate, luminol) were investigated, and the optimal CL conditions were obtained. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of 1–100 ng/mL for azoxystrobin was obtained and the detection limit (3σ) was determined as 0.13 ng/mL. The relative standard deviation was 1.5% for 10 consecutive measurements of 20 ng/mL azoxystrobin. The method has been applied to the determination of azoxystrobin residues in water samples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of ferulic acid by flow injection chemiluminescence analysis based on enhancement of the N‐bromobutanimide–eosin–CrCl3 system in alkaline solution

A simple and sensitive flow injection chemiluminescence method has been developed for the determination of ferulic acid (FA) based on the significant enhancement effect of FA on the CL signal of the N‐bromobutanimide (NBS)–eosin–CrCl₃ system in alkaline solution. Under optimum conditions, the enhanced CL intensity is linearly related to the concentration of FA in its pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma samples. The corresponding linear regression equations were established over the 4.0 × 10^–10–1.0 × 10^–7 g/mL for FA tablets and 2.0 × 10^–10–1.0 × 10^–7 g/mL for plasma samples. The limit of detection for FA tablets and limit of quantification for plasma samples were 2.8 × 10^–10 g/mL (3 σ) and 3.04 × 10^–10 g/mL (10 σ), respectively. A complete analysis could be performed within 40 s, including washing and sampling, giving a throughput of ≈90/h. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of FA in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma samples with satisfactory results. The recoveries of pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma samples at three different concentrations were 97.8–102.6% and 96.7–104.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the possible mechanism of CL reactions was also discussed briefly. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

THE CROSSFLOW INJECTION TECHNIQUE: AN IMPROVEMENT OF THE ETHANOL INJECTION METHOD

ABSTRACT

A novel scalable liposome preparation technique for pharmaceutical application is presented. Previous experiments have shown that the concept of continuous crossflow injection is a promising approach. For the characterization of the process, we focus on the influencing parameters like the lipid concentration, the injection hole diameter, the injection pressure, the buffer flow rate, and system performance. These experiments demonstrate that the injection hole diameter and the system performance do not influence the vesicle forming process and that a minimum of buffer flow rate is required to affect batch homogeneity. In contrast, strongly influencing parameters are lipid concentration in combination with increasing injection pressures. After exceeding the upper pressure limit of the linear range, where injection velocities remain constant, the vesicle batches are narrowly distributed, also when injecting higher lipid concentrations. Reproducibility and scalability data show similar results with respect to vesicle size and size distribution and demonstrate the stability and robustness of the novel continuous liposome preparation technique.