腺苷在低氧适应家兔脑血流调节中的作用

本研究观察了腺苷在低氧适应家兔脑血流(CBF)调节中的作用。结果表明:缺氧时适应组CBF改变不明显,对照组CBF明显增加;缺氧时适应组脑腺苷的含量明显低于对照组,而脑腺苷酸的含量明显高于对照组;适应组脑微血管对腺苷的反应与对照组相近。提示缺氧时低氧适应家兔CBF改变不明显,同低氧适应后脑腺苷含量较低、腺苷酸含量较高有关。     

Exosomes for angiogenesis induction in ischemic disorders

Ischaemic disorders are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the current therapeutic approaches have improved life expectancy and quality of life, they are unable to “cure” ischemic diseases and instate regeneration of damaged tissues. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with an average size of 100–150 nm, secreted by many cell types and considered a potent factor of cells for paracrine effects. Since exosomes contain multiple bioactive components such as growth factors, molecular intermediates of different intracellular pathways, microRNAs and nucleic acids, they are considered as cell-free therapeutics. Besides, exosomes do not rise cell therapy concerns such as teratoma formation, alloreactivity and thrombotic events. In addition, exosomes are stored and utilized more convenient. Interestingly, exosomes could be an ideal complementary therapeutic tool for ischemic disorders. In this review, we discussed therapeutic functions of exosomes in ischemic disorders including angiogenesis induction through various mechanisms with specific attention to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. Furthermore, different delivery routes of exosomes and different modification strategies including cell preconditioning, gene modification and bioconjugation, were highlighted. Finally, pre-clinical and clinical investigations in which exosomes were used were discussed.     

高频重复经颅磁刺激联合Brunnstrom分期训练对脑卒中恢复期患者康复效果的影响

摘要 目的：探讨高频重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）联合Brunnstrom分期训练对脑卒中恢复期患者康复效果的影响。方法：根据随机数字表法将新疆医科大学第一附属医院2020年1月~2022年2月期间收治的脑卒中恢复期患者80例分为对照组（40例,Brunnstrom分期训练）和研究组（40例,高频rTMS联合Brunnstrom分期训练）。对比两组疗效、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分、功能独立性量表（FIM）评分、生活质量评分、血清神经因子指标[髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、神经生长因子-1（NGF-1）]。结果：研究组的临床总有效率（92.50%）明显高于对照组（70.00%）（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,研究组MBP、NSE低于对照组,NGF-1高于对照组（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,治疗4周后,研究组NIHSS评分降低,FIM评分升高（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,研究组心理/躯体/物质/社会功能评分较对照组高（P<0.05）。结论：高频rTMS联合Brunnstrom分期训练有助于提高脑卒中恢复期患者的康复效果,同时还可调节血清神经指标,提高生活质量。     

血清GDF-15、hs-cTnT对冠状动脉旁路移植术后新发房颤及近期主要心血管事件的预测效能研究

摘要 目的：分析血清生长分化因子15（GDF-15）、高敏心肌肌钙蛋白T（hs-cTnT）对冠状动脉旁路移植术后新发心房颤动（房颤）及近期主要心血管事件的预测效能。方法：选择自2020年1月至2022年1月在我院行冠状动脉旁路移植术的140例冠心病患者作为研究对象,根据术后是否新发房颤,分为房颤组（46例）和非房颤组（94例）。检测两组术前血清GDF-15、hs-cTnT水平,使用多因素Logistic回归分析血清GDF-15、hs-cTnT与术后新发房颤的关系;随访6个月,观察主要心血管事件发生情况,通过受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）评价血清GDF-15、hs-cTnT对术后新发房颤及近期主要心血管事件的预测效能。结果：两组患者年龄、性别、体重指数等一般资料比较无差异（P＞0.05）;房颤组SYNTAX积分高于非房颤组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);房颤组血清GDF-15、hs-cTnT水平均高于非房颤组（P＜0.05）;经多因素Logistic回归分析,SYNTAX积分、血清GDF-15、hs-cTnT均是冠状动脉旁路移植术后新发房颤的独立预测因素（P＜0.05）;经ROC曲线分析,血清GDF-15联合hs-cTnT预测冠状动脉旁路移植术后新发房颤的AUC为0.933,大于SYNTAX积分的0.790,预测近期主要心血管事件的AUC为0.925,大于SYNTAX积分的0.750（P＜0.05）。结论：血清GDF-15联合hs-cTnT对冠状动脉旁路移植术后新发房颤及近期主要心血管事件均具有良好的预测效能,值得临床予以重视。     

Photocontrol of the hypocotyl hook opening of Sinapis alba seedlings. Involvement of phytochrome and a high irradiance response

Baumgartner, N. and Fondeville, J. C. 1989. Photocontrol of the hypocotyl hook opening of Sinapis alba seedlings. Involvement of phytochrome and a high irradiance response.
A statistical evaluation of the hypocotyl hook opening (hook opening index) was used for measurement of the hook angle in lots of etiolated Sinapis alba L. cv. Albatros seedlings. Studies of the kinetics for hook opening were carried out in continuous fluorescent white, blue and red light (6, 15 and 40 μmol m^-2s^-1) with 2-day-old dark-grown seedlings. At the beginning of the irradiation period the photoresponse in red light was the opposite to that in blue (low photon fluences). Blue rapidly induced the hook opening (in less than 20 min), while red produced hook tightening (photon fluences up to 70 mmol m^-2), which precedes the normal progressive hook opening. For low fluences, the data were consistent with the involvement of phytochrome and a specific blue light photoreceptor. A phytochrome effect was observed in the hook opening, dependent upon a high irradiance response (HIR). This HIR (like that for the inhibition of the hypocotyl elongation) was characterized by a wavelength response curve with maxima in the blue and far-red regions of the spectrum.     

一种模拟高原低氧复合冷冻的简易动物实验舱

以氮稀释法使舱内氧含量维持实验模拟高度,以普通冰箱制冷系统维持舱内恒温,以多功能低温浴槽作为致冻装置。该舱可于２０ｍｉｎ内升至模拟６０００ｍ高度,每次可供１６只大鼠作高原冻伤实验。实验期间高度恒定于６０００±２００ｍ,舱温２１±１℃。相对湿度５５％±１５％,冷冻液－２５．０±０．５℃。该舱结构简单、使用方便,可在实验室中模拟高原条件进行冷冻实验研究。由于不使用人体减压舱,不仅避免了减压缺氧对实验人员的不利影响,也减少了实验消耗。     

血循环障碍在高原冻伤中的形态计量观测

本文对高原冻伤中血液循环障碍作形态计量,旨在探讨血循环障碍在冻伤过程中的变化及高原冻伤发病机理中所起的作用。实验选用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性大鼠４０只,随机分为平原冻伤组、急性低氧冻伤组和低氧习服冻伤组。习服组动物于低压舱内模拟海拔６０００ｍ缺氧每日４ｈ,连续两周。其余动物常规饲养。习服期满次日习服组与低氧组一同进入舱内模拟海拔６０００ｍ低氧４ｈ,再行冷冻。冻后继续低氧４ｈ。冻后４８ｈ取材。对各组动物冻后４８ｈ冻肢皮下血管的病变作图象分析。结果发现,平原组血管淤滞、血栓绝对数及其百分比均为最低,习服组最高,低氧组居中。但低氧组与平原组的血栓／淤滞百分比无明显差别。骨骼肌坏死的面积百分比习服组显著高于低氧组与平原组,而后两组间无差别。血栓／淤滞百分比与骨骼肌坏死面积百分比之间的有高度相关关系。冻融是直接引起血管内皮损伤的原发因素,局部血液循环障碍是造成严重的继发损伤的主要原因。     

慢性缺氧大鼠心肌肌浆网功能及其钙泵基因表达的动态变化

将实验大鼠放置模拟５０００ｍ海拔高度低压舱内１、２和４周。结果表明：与对照组比较,１,２和４周组动物的心肌重量分别增加１５％,１８％和５７％;心肌ＳＲＣａ２＋摄取分别降低３３％,３８％和５３％;心肌ＳＲＣａ２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性分别降低５４％,６０％和７４％;钙泵ｍＲＮＡ含量（基因表达分别降低１４％,４６％和６８％。这些结果提示,缺氧导致的ＳＲ钙泵功能降低可能是心肌功能受损的重要生化基础之一,而钙泵数目减少可能是钙泵功能降低的分子生物学机制。