血循环障碍在高原冻伤中的形态计量观测

本文对高原冻伤中血液循环障碍作形态计量，旨在探讨血循环障碍在冻伤过程中的变化及高原冻伤发病机理中所起的作用。实验选用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性大鼠４０只，随机分为平原冻伤组、急性低氧冻伤组和低氧习服冻伤组。习服组动物于低压舱内模拟海拔６０００ｍ缺氧每日４ｈ，连续两周。其余动物常规饲养。习服期满次日习服组与低氧组一同进入舱内模拟海拔６０００ｍ低氧４ｈ，再行冷冻。冻后继续低氧４ｈ。冻后４８ｈ取材。对各组动物冻后４８ｈ冻肢皮下血管的病变作图象分析。结果发现，平原组血管淤滞、血栓绝对数及其百分比均为最低，习服组最高，低氧组居中。但低氧组与平原组的血栓／淤滞百分比无明显差别。骨骼肌坏死的面积百分比习服组显著高于低氧组与平原组，而后两组间无差别。血栓／淤滞百分比与骨骼肌坏死面积百分比之间的有高度相关关系。冻融是直接引起血管内皮损伤的原发因素，局部血液循环障碍是造成严重的继发损伤的主要原因。

IMAGE ANALYSIS OF DISTURBANCE OF BLOOD CIRCULATION IN FROSTBITE AT HIGH ALTITUDE

This study is to observe the vascular changes of frostbite at altitude in order to discover the effects of vascular reaction to frostbite.40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sea level, hypoxia and acclimation. The acclimated rats had been put into hypobaric cabin at 6000m altitude, four hours a day for two weeks. Animals of hypoxia and acclimation groups were frostbitten in hypobaric cabin after hypoxia for 4h, then for another 4h. Samples were collected at 48th h after freezing. The image analysis system were applied for investigating the vascular changes. Experimental results showed that the amount of stasis and thrombus in sea level group were the least, and the most in acclimation group. The percentage of thrombus/stasis between sea level and hypoxia group was not different in statistics. There was high correlation between the percentage of thrombus/stasis and percentage of necrotic muscle. Obviously, freezing thawing caused vascular endothelial lesion directly, and disturbance of blood circulation may be the main cause of severe secondary injuries.