灵芝超微粉与普通粉薄层色谱及多糖含量对比研究

目的：比较灵芝超微粉与普通粉的薄层色谱及多糖含量差异。方法：利用薄层色谱法对灵芝药材超微粉与普通粉进行定性鉴别;用紫外-可见分光光度法测定多糖含量。结果：灵芝超微粉TLC色谱斑点较普通粉的色谱斑点深,超微粉多糖含量为2.9782%,普通粉多糖含量为0.7092%,超微粉较普通粉提高到4倍以上。结论：首次对灵芝超微粉与普通粉的薄层色谱及多糖含量进行对比研究,为有效控制灵芝超微粉的质量及深度研究提供依据。     

灵芝液体发酵条件的优化研究

通过单因素和正交试验,优化灵芝5760深层培养的营养需求与环境条件对灵芝菌丝体生物量及次生代谢产物发酵液多糖的作用。结果表明,适宜灵芝液体菌种培养和液体发酵的培养基配方为麦麸粉5%,黄豆饼粉3%,KH2PO40.10%,MgSO40.09%;适宜的环境条件为初始pH5.5,装液量32%,生物量最大时为第8～9d;适宜接种的种龄为6d,接种量为10%;发酵周期6d,搅拌转速150r/min,消沫剂添加量可为0.20%。从硒对灵芝5760菌丝体生长及深层发酵生物量的影响,灵芝5760富硒培养适宜浓度为100μg/mL;从加硒时间对生物量的作用,在菌龄适宜时期加入即第1d。     

Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells

In this work, the effects of a pair of positional isomer of ganoderic acids (GAs), namely ganoderic acid Mf (GA-Mf) and ganoderic acid S (GA-S) purified from the fermented mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum, on induction of cell apoptosis and the apoptotic pathway in HeLa cells were investigated. The results demonstrate that both isomers decreased cell population growth on various human carcinoma cell lines by MTT assay, while GA-Mf had better selectivity between normal and cancer cells. The flow cytometry analysis indicated that treatment of HeLa cells with GA-S caused cell cycle arrest in the S phase, while GA-Mf caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Compared with GA-S, GA-Mf had more potent increase in the number of early and late apoptotic cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with each isomer decreased the mitochondria membrane potential and caused the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. In addition, stimulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity was observed. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was also increased in GA-treated HeLa cells. The results demonstrated that both isomers GA-Mf and GA-S induced apoptosis of human HeLa cells through a mitochondria mediated pathway, but they had the different cell cycle arrest specificity. The findings will be helpful to the development of useful cancer chemopreventive compounds from G. lucidum.     

紫外分光光度法测定破壁灵芝孢子粉提取物总三萜含量

确定一种破壁灵芝孢子粉提取物总三萜紫外分光光度测定方法。采用紫外分光光度法,以熊果酸为对照品测定样品。溶液在波长548 nm处具有最大吸光度,熊果酸含量在14~54μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,r为0.999 4,平均回收率为92.94%。提示使用上述方法绘制标准曲线可计算出样品中三萜类化合物的含量。测定方法操作简便、检验快速、稳定性高、重复性好,可以用于灵芝孢子粉产品的质量控制。     

Growth and biomass production with enhanced β‐glucan and dietary fibre contents of Ganoderma australe ATHUM 4345 in a batch‐stirred tank bioreactor

In this study we maximized biomass production by the basidiomycete Ganoderma australe ATHUM 4345, a species of pharmaceutical interest as it is a valuable source of nutraceuticals, including dietary fibers and glucans. We used the Biolog FF MicroPlate to screen 95 different carbon sources for growth monitoring. The pattern of substrate catabolism forms a substrate assimilation fingerprint, which is useful in selecting components for media optimization of maximum biomass production. Response surface methodology, based on the central composite design was applied to explore the optimum concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources of culture medium in shake flask cultures. When the improved culture medium was tested in a 20‐L stirred tank bioreactor, using 13.7 g/L glucose and 30.0 g/L yeast extract, high biomass yields (10.1±0.4 g/L) and productivity of 0.09 g L^?1 h^?1 were obtained. The yield coefficients for total glucan and dietary fibers on biomass formed were 94.82±6 and 341.15±12.3 mg/g mycelium dry weight, respectively.     

响应面法优化灵芪菌质多糖固态发酵条件

采用单因素试验和响应面分析法优化灵芪菌质多糖固态发酵条件.优化后发酵条件为:采用药性固体发酵培养基,初始pH6.5,接种量10.16ml/100g,发酵温度30.65℃,相对湿度59.54％,发酵周期28d.利用此优化条件进行灵芪菌质多糖发酵,灵芪菌质多糖含量可达9.12±0.09mg/g,较优化前8.06±0.07 ...     

An insight into spore dispersal of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ganoderma boninense</Emphasis> on oil palm

The disease of oil palm caused by Ganoderma boninense, although universally referred to as Ganoderma basal stem rot, occurs in three very distinct phases, with basal stem rot only part of the disease cycle. G. boninense also causes a seedling disease and an upper stem rot. An understanding of spore dispersal provides an insight into where spores of G. boninense have a role in the infection process. This role will be discussed in relation to each of these three infection phases. This understanding is a critical component of developing a successful disease control strategy.     

灵芝MP-01菌株液体发酵培养基的筛选

对灵芝MP-01菌株在三种培养基上的生长性状进行了研究,并对其液体发酵过程中的pH值变化、发酵全液的多糖含量变化、菌丝生物量及发酵培养性状等进行了观测。结果表明,玉米面培养基是灵芝MP-01菌株液体发酵的适宜培养基,其适宜的终止发酵时间在培养的第6 d,此时发酵液多糖含量达到10.32 mg/mL。     

HPLC测定灵芝子实体水提物及相关产品中三萜的含量

灵芝药品大多以灵芝子实体水提物为原料,为快速准确测定灵芝子实体水提物及相关产品中三萜的含量,建立了具有较好分离效果的HPLC分析测定方法.通过优化色谱柱和洗脱条件,优选出Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-乙酸水溶液(0.01％)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为...     

Secondary metabolites from Ganoderma lucidum and Spongiporus leucomallellus

The hydrodistillates and solvent extracts of the fruit bodies of Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) P. Karst. and Spongiporus leucomallellus (Murril) A. David were investigated. The constituents in both oils comprised hydrocarbons, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acids. Major volatiles of G. lucidum were trans-anethol, R-(-)-linalool, S-(+)-carvone and alpha-bisabolol, while the essential oil of S. leucomallellus contained relatively large amounts of R-(-)-1-octene-3-ol, R-(-)-linalool, 1-hepten-3-one and (Z)-nerolidol. From the n-hexane extract of G. lucidum, the steroid ester ergosta-7,22-diene-3beta-yl pentadecanoate could be identified. From S. leucomallellus two constituents showing structures of 3,4-seco-lanostane type triterpene acids were identified as (+)-23-oxo-3,4-seco-lanosta-4(28),7(8),9(11),24(31)-tetraene-3,26-dicarboxylic acid and (+)-20-hydroxy-23-oxo-3,4-seco-lanosta-4(28),7(8),9(11),24(31)-tetraene3,26-dicarboxylic acid, respectively. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of selected compounds were investigated using standard tests.