An acetylated galactomannoglucan from the stems of Dendrobium nobile Lindl

A water-soluble polysaccharide DNP-W2 composed of glucose, mannose, and galactose in the molar ratio of 6.1:2.9:2.0 had been isolated from the stems of Dendrobium nobile. Its molecular weight was 1.8 × 10⁴ Da determined by HPGPC. Structural features of DNP-W2 were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analysis, including FTIR, GC, GC-MS, periodate oxidation-Smith degradation, methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, and NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that DNP-W2 is a 2-O-acetylgalactomannoglucan and has a backbone consisting of (1→4)-linked β-d-Glcp, (1→6)-linked β-d-Glcp, and (1→4)-linked β-d-Manp, with branches at O-6 of (1→4)-linked β-d-Glcp and β-d-Manp. The branches are composed of α-d-Galp. The acetyl groups are substituted at O-2 of (1→4)-linked Manp. Preliminary tests in vitro reveals that DNP-W2 can stimulate ConA- and LPS-induced T and B lymphocyte proliferation.     

Floral morphology and reproductive biology of Dendrobium jiajiangense (Orchidaceae) in Mt. Fotang,southwestern China

The relationships between floral morphology and the particular pollinator, flower shelter function and reproductive success as well as details of the breeding system of Dendrobium jiajiangense were investigated at Fotang Mountains in Jiajiang County, Sichuan Province, China. D. jiajiangense is pollinator-specific, being pollinated by Andrena parvula. There exists considerable mechanical fit between the floral morphology of D. jiajiangense and A. parvula. Importantly, A. parvula uses D. jiajiangense flowers as shelter both during rainy weather and at night during sunny weather. This significantly increase the pollination success of D. jiajiangens. D. jiajiangense is self-compatible but pollinator-dependent for fruit set. Fruit set of D. jiajiangens was 100% after hand-self-pollination, but seed viability was normally greatly reduced.     

大苞鞘石斛化学成分研究

通过硅胶柱层析、纯化,从大苞鞘石斛中分离得到5个化合物,利用理化性质和波谱分析分别鉴定为钩状石斛素(1)、愉悦石斛素(2)、4',5,7-三羟基-3′,5′-二甲氧基黄烷酮(3)、β-胡萝卜苷(4)和β-谷甾醇(5).所有化合物均为首次从大苞鞘石斛中分离得到.     

中国兰科植物四新记录种

报道了中国兰科植物四新记录种,即尾瓣石豆兰(Bulbophyllum careyanum(Hook.)Spreng.),拟泰国卷瓣兰(B.nipondhii Seidenf.),双槽石斛(Dendrobium bicameratum Lindl.)和绿梢玉凤花(Habenaria am-plexicaulis Rolfe ex Downie),并提供描述和图片。     

铁皮石斛微卫星SSR设计与应用

通过Websat对来源于NCBI公共数据库的2 447条石斛属(Dendrobium)核苷酸序列进行简单重复序列SSR的搜索,剔除冗余序列后,找到124个SSR位点。利用primer3.0软件设计引物75对,并通过改良的方法提取铁皮石斛DNA作为模板,对铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinaleKimuraetMigo)的SSR引物进行筛选,选出21对有较清晰且稳定的目标扩增产物的引物,对8个种源的铁皮石斛进行多态性分析和聚类分析,得到8个种源的铁皮石斛进行遗传多样性和亲缘关系。     

应用PCR-DGGE法评价石斛多糖对肠道微生态失调的调节作用

目的 从微生态学角度研究石斛多糖治疗肠道微生态失调小鼠的作用及初步机制.方法 盐酸林可霉素灌胃制备肠道菌群失调小鼠模型,应用石斛多糖进行治疗,同时设正常对照组、丽珠肠乐组、阴性对照组,给药7d后处死小鼠,应用PCR-DGGE法检测肠道菌群丰富度、血清IL-2.结果 应用盐酸林可霉素灌胃3d后,小鼠肠道菌群丰富度、血清IL-2降低,持续治疗7d后,石斛多糖治疗小鼠肠道菌群丰富度、血清IL-2增高.结论 石斛多糖具有扶植肠道正常菌群生长,调整菌群失调,提高机体免疫力的作用.     

四川石斛属一新种

描述了四川夹江（兰科）石斛属植物一新种,即夹江石斛。     

氮源和真菌诱导子对铁皮石斛原球茎悬浮培养的影响

利用正交实验设计研究不同种类和浓度的氮源对铁皮石斛原球茎生长的影响,利用完全随机实验设计研究不同真菌诱导子对铁皮石斛原球茎生长和多糖积累的影响.结果表明硝态氮促进铁皮石斛原球茎鲜重和干重的增加( P ＜0.05);铵态氮促进铁皮石斛原球茎鲜重增加( P ＜0.05).无论鲜重还是干重,硝态氮和铵态氮的影响均不存在互作,最佳组合为:67-V培养液 100 mg/L (NH4)2SO4 800 mg/L KNO3 30 g/L蔗糖 200 g/L马铃薯提取汁.F检验的结果表明,14种真菌诱导子对铁皮石斛原球茎生物量的增加(鲜重与干重)均无显著性影响( P ＞0.05).但与对照铁皮石斛原球茎的多糖含量相比,真菌诱导子g6、g14、g5、g4处理可使其多糖含量分别提高14%、9%、6%、4%.本研究获得了有利于铁皮石斛原球茎生长的硝态氮和铵态氮的最佳搭配方案以及有利于铁皮石斛原球茎积累多糖的四种真菌诱导子,表明通过液体悬浮培养生产铁皮石斛原球茎及其多糖成分具有较好的开发应用前景.     

中国石斛属一新种

Dendrobium fanjingshanense Z. H. Tsi ex X. H. Jin et Y. W. Zhang, sp. nov. Fig. 1 Habitu D. wilsonii Rolfe simile, a quo tepalis revolutis fulvis, lobo labelli intermedii infra medium macula una flabellata purpurea ornato. Epiphyticum; caulis teres, 20～40 cm altus, 2～3 mm crassus, caespitosus, superne 5～6-foliatus, internodiis 1～1.5 cm longis. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, subcoriacea, 2～5 cm longa, 5～15 mm lata, apice obtusa et plus minusve hamata, basi vaginis tubulatis membranaceis obtecta. Inflorescentiae e lateribus partium superarum caulium annotinorum defoliatorum nascentes, versus apicem caulis laterales, 1～2-florae; pedunculi 2～3 mm longi, ca. 1 mm crassi, basi vaginis 3～4 membranaceis 3～4 mm longis instructi; bracteae ovato-triangulatae, 3～5 mm longae, apice acutae, macula atro-fusca ornatae. Flores patentes; pedicelli cum ovario ca. 2～3 cm longi; tepala revoluta, fulva, apice obtusa; sepalum intermedium oblongum 2 cm longum, medio 6～7 mm latum, apice fere obtusum; sepala lateralia paulo oblique ovato-lanceolata, sepalo intermedio aequilonga sed medio paulo angustiora, apice obtusa, basi cum pede columnae mentum obconoideum ca. 8 mm longum 6 mm latum apice obtusum formantia; petala subelliptica, ca. 2 cm longa, medio 6 mm lata, apice subobtusa; labellum fulvum, basi purpureum et dense velutinum, obscure trilobatum, lobis lateralibus semiorbiculatis erectis, basi (inter lobos laterales) callo uno purpureo praeditis, lobo intermedio ovato, ca. 1 cm longo, 7 mm lato, apice subacuto et recurvo, supra medio carinato, glabro; columna alba, ca. 3 mm longa, basi in pedem ca. 9 mm longum producta, pede medio purpurato, glabro; operculum antherae album, ambitu rhombicum, glabrum; pollinia 4.     

Comparison of metabolomics of Dendrobium officinale in different habitats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

Dendrobium officinale has been considered over past centuries to be extremely valuable for use as an herbal medicine in South Asian countries. In this work, the chemical profiles of D. officinale from different habitats were systematically characterized using ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and multivariate analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS-DA) of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS data displayed an obvious separation. Several flavonoids and terpenoids derivatives contribute to the quantitative chemotypic variation within and between the samples as observed. These findings lead to a better understanding of the phytochemical variation of D. officinale which can aid in quality control of raw material.