Oral hygiene of elderly people in long-term care institutions--a cross-sectional study

Objective: The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to assess the level of oral hygiene in elderly people living in long‐term care institutions and to investigate the relationship between institutional and individual characteristics, and the observed oral cleanliness. Materials and methods: Clinical outcome variables, denture plaque and dental plaque were gathered from 359 older people (14%) living in 19 nursing homes. Additional data were collected by a questionnaire filled out by all health care workers employed in the nursing homes. Results: Only 128 (36%) residents had teeth present in one or both dental arches. About half of the residents (47%) wore complete dentures. The mean dental plaque score was 2.17 (maximum possible score = 3) and the mean denture plaque score was 2.13 (maximum possible score = 4). Significantly more plaque was observed on the mucosal surface of the denture with a mean plaque score of 2.33 vs. 1.93 on the buccal surface (p < 0.001). In the multiple analyses only the degree of dependency on an individual level was found to be significantly correlated with the outcome dental plaque (odds ratio: 3.09) and only the management of the institution with denture plaque (odds ratio: 0.43). Conclusion: Oral hygiene was poor, both for dentures and remaining teeth in residents in long‐term care institutions and only the degree of dependency of the residents and the management of the institutions was associated with the presence of dental plaque and denture plaque respectively.     

临床护理路径对缓解膀胱癌患者负性情绪及预防复发的效果评价

目的:评价临床护理路径对缓解膀胱癌患者负性情绪及预防复发的效果.方法:将126例膀胱癌患者随机分入对照组与观察组,给予60例对照组患者常规护理方法,66例观察组实施临床护理路径.采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估患者干预前后心理状况,比较两组肿瘤术后并发症发生率、住院时间、住院费用及复发率.结果:观察组干预后SAS及SDS评分均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组并发症发生率及复发率均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组患者住院时间及住院费用少于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:对膀胱癌实施临床护理路径可显著缓解负性情绪,减少并发症的发生及复发率,促进患者更快康复.     

An Infrastructure to Advance the Scholarly Work of Staff Nurses

The traditional role of the acute care staff nurse is changing. The new norm establishes an expectation that staff nurses base their practice on best evidence. When evidence is lacking, nurses are charged with using the research process to generate and disseminate new knowledge. This article describes the critical forces behind the transformation of this role and the organizational mission, culture, and capacity required to support practice that is based on science. The vital role of senior nursing leaders, the nurse researcher, and the nursing research committee within the context of a collaborative governance structure is highlighted. Several well-known, evidence-based practice models are presented. Finally, there is a discussion of the infrastructure created by Yale-New Haven Hospital to advance the scholarly work of the nursing staff.     

护理组长在优质护理服务中的作用探讨

在开展优质护理服务过程中,通过改变原有护理工作模式,重新界定护理组长的工作内容、制定护理组长岗位工作职责、定期对护理组长进行培训及考核,充分发挥了护理组长在优质护理服务中的重要作用。在护理质量方面,基础护理质量、危重病人护理质量、护理电子病历质量都有所提高,有利于提高患者满意度。     

急诊分层管理对急性下肢动脉血栓患者的临床效果观察

目的:探讨急诊分层管理配合介入治疗对急性下肢动脉血栓患者的临床效果,为临床护理工作提供可借鉴的方法。方法:回顾性分析2010年9月-2013年11月在我院接受治疗的69例急性下肢动脉血栓患者的临床资料。所有患者均接受手术溶栓治疗,术后将患者随机分为两组。常规护理组患者采用基本护理模式,而分层管理组患者采用层级管理的护理模式。观察并比较两组患者术后并发症的发生率及对护理服务的满意度等。结果:分层管理组患者患肢复通率为91.28%;常规护理组患者患肢复通率为84.61%;两组患者治疗后的患肢与健肢周径差均明显小于本组溶栓前的对应值,组内比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),组间比较差异无显著性(P0.05)。分层管理组护理工作的落实率为95.68%,患者治疗的依从性为93.91%,对护理人员服务态度的满意度为94.56%,对护理技能的满意度为93.78%,对健康指导的满意度为95.46%,对护患沟通的满意度为97.76%;常规护理组护理工作的落实率为76.55%,患者治疗的依从性为67.82%,对护理人员服务态度的满意度为89.66%,对护理技能的满意度为86.32%,对健康指导的满意度为85.47%,对护患沟通的满意度为86.21%。分层管理组的护理质量、工作落实率、患者依从性及满意度显著高于常规护理组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:分层管理的护理模式对急性下肢动脉血栓患者的治疗与预后起着重要的作用,值得临床推广。     

舒适康复护理在小儿纤维塑性支气管炎的实践与研究

目的:探讨舒适康复护理在小儿纤维塑性支气管炎的临床应用与效果评价。方法:选取我院2012年3月到2013年5月小儿纤维塑性支气管炎64例,随机分成两组,每组各32例,对照组采用常规护理,实验组在对照组的基础上采用舒适康复护理,观察两组的临床效果。结果:实验组显效22例,占68.8%,有效9例,占28.1%,无效1例,占3.1%,康复有效率96.9%;对照组显效13例,占40.6%,有效12例,占37.5%,无效7例,占21.9%,康复有效率78.1%,显著差异有统计意义(P0.05)。结论:舒适康复护理可以有效地控制患儿的死亡率,值得临床推广。     

98例慢性肝衰竭患者的护理体会

目的：探讨慢性肝衰竭的护理方法。方法：通过对98例慢性肝衰竭患者在抗乙型肝炎病毒、护肝和输血和白蛋白等治疗的基础上,根据疾病的不同临床表现及并发症、心理变化采取不同的个体化护理措施,同时给予患者健康教育指导。结果：治愈33例,好转28例,病情恶化自动出院17（17．34％）例,死亡20（20．40％）例。结论：根据疾病的不同临床表现、并发症采和心理改变取不同的个体护理措施,同时加强对患者的健康教育,可有助于疾病恢复及减少并发症的发生,降低患者的死亡率。     

98 例慢性肝衰竭患者的护理体会

目的:探讨慢性肝衰竭的护理方法。方法:通过对98例慢性肝衰竭患者在抗乙型肝炎病毒、护肝和输血和白蛋白等治疗的基础上,根据疾病的不同临床表现及并发症、心理变化采取不同的个体化护理措施,同时给予患者健康教育指导。结果:治愈33例,好转28例,病情恶化自动出院17(17.34%)例,死亡20(20.40%)例。结论:根据疾病的不同临床表现、并发症采和心理改变取不同的个体护理措施,同时加强对患者的健康教育,可有助于疾病恢复及减少并发症的发生,降低患者的死亡率。     

全程综合护理干预对提高心肌梗死患者依从性及预后的研究

目的:探讨全程综合护理干预对心肌梗死患者遵医行为及预后的影响.方法:100例心肌梗死患者随机分为对照组及全程综合护理组,每组各50例.对照组实施传统的常规护理,综合护理组患者开展全程综合护理.出院随访1年,1年后复查冠状动脉造影,比较期间服药日比率和心血管事件发生率.结果:全程综合护理干预提高患者服药日比率(81.1±6.2％vs.60.9±5.9％,P＜0.05),并减少患者心肌梗死及PCI术后再狭窄等心血管事件的发生(P＜0.05).结论:全程综合护理干预可提高心肌梗死患者遵医行为,降低二次心梗和冠状动脉再狭窄等心血管事件发生率,改善了患者的预后,为心梗患者的护理提供了新思路.