Determination of protein absorption coefficients using a refractive index chromatographic monitor

Using lysozyme as a primary standard, a refractive index monitor designed for column chromatography was used to determined protein concentration and hence absorption coefficients. the method is non-destructive, requires only small amounts of protein 0.2 mg, and could be adapted for smaller samples.     

荧光重组酶介导等温扩增检测食品中单增李斯特菌

[背景] 单增李斯特菌为肉类及乳制品中常见的食源性致病菌,传统的培养法检测无法满足口岸大批量食品的快速检测要求,建立简便、灵敏、快速及现场可操作的技术至关重要。[目的] 建立快速简便的荧光重组酶介导等温扩增（Recombinase-Aided Amplification,RAA）法检测单增李斯特菌,以适应口岸快速通关及监管的实际需求。[方法] 根据单增李斯特菌hlyA基因保守区设计特异性引物、探针,通过引物两两组合结合探针筛选出扩增效率及灵敏度最佳的引物组合,优化反应温度及引物探针浓度,确定最佳反应条件。将建立的荧光RAA法应用于食品基质及实际样品检测中,同时与国标GB 4789.30-2016进行比对验证。[结果] 单增李斯特菌荧光RAA最佳反应温度为42 ℃,最佳引物、探针终浓度均为400 nmol/L。建立的荧光RAA法特异性强,纯菌灵敏度达到3×10² CFU/mL。加标食品基质牛肉、大西洋鲑鱼及再制干酪LB2增菌只需4 h,即可检测原始浓度分别达到0.3、3、30 CFU/mL的单增李斯特菌。荧光RAA法只需5 min即可观察结果,20-30 min完成扩增,速度及灵敏度明显高于国标法。[结论] 建立的荧光RAA法可用于口岸和其他场所进行单增李斯特菌的快速检测与监控。     

Fast R-CNN深度学习和无人机遥感相结合在松材线虫病监测中的初步应用研究

松材线虫病因其破坏性强、传播速度快和防治难度大等特点,严重威胁着我国的松林资源.及时发现、定位和清理病死松树是控制松材线虫病蔓延的有效手段.本研究利用小型无人机获得松材线虫病疫点的可见光和多光谱的航摄影像.根据松树针叶颜色变化,将松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus侵染的松树分为病树和枯死树两种类型.将无人机遥感正摄影像图切割成瓦片图,根据不同植被指数的特征差异,筛选出含病树和枯死树的瓦片图.训练Fast R-CNN深度学习框架形成最终模型,通过模型运算获得病枯死松树的分布地图及坐标点位置.研究结果显示Fast R-CNN深度学习和无人机遥感相结合能有效识别出病树和枯死树,正确率分别达到90％和82％,漏检率分别为23％和34％,可为大面积监测松材线虫病的发生现状和流行动态、评估防控效果和灾害损失提供技术支撑.     

血糖检测仪在社区医疗中的应用分析

目的探讨社区医疗中血糖检测仪的应用。方法分析2010年1月～2010年10月在社区使用血糖仪的2型糖尿病患者30例,定期检测糖尿病患者的血糖控制情况,并进行健康教育。结果与同期未进行定期测量血糖的30例糖尿病患者比较,血糖控制情况差异有统计学意义。结论社区血糖检测仪应用方便,对实时检测糖尿病患者的血糖有较好的诊断价值,值得在社区广泛使用。     

Sex-Based Differences in Cardiac Arrhythmias, ICD Utilisation and Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy

Many important differences in the presentation and clinical course of cardiac arrhythmias are present between men and women that should be accounted for in clinical practice. In this paper, we review published data on gender differences in cardiac excitable properties, supraventricular tachycardias, ventricular tachycardias, sudden cardiac death, and the utilisation of implantable defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation therapy. Women have a higher heart rate at rest, and a longer QT interval than men. They further have a narrower QRS complex and lower QRS voltages on the 12-lead ECG with more often non-specific repolarisation abnormalities at rest. Supraventricular tachycardias, such as AV nodal reentrant tachycardia, are twice as frequent in women compared with men. Atrial fibrillation, however, has a 1.5-fold higher prevalence in men. The triggers for idiopathic right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia (VT) initiation are gender specific, i.e. hormonal changes play an important role in the occurrence of these VTs in women. There are clear-cut gender differences in acquired and congenital LQTS. Brugada syndrome affects men more commonly and severely than women. Sudden cardiac death is less prevalent in women at all ages and occurs 10 years later in women than in men. This may be related to the later onset of clinically manifest coronary heart disease in women. Among patients who receive ICDs and CRT devices, women appear to be under-represented, while they may benefit even more from these novel therapies.     

Newest approaches to quantitative assessment of bioactive organotins

Abstract

New approaches for assessing the toxicity of organotin chemical species have been developed. These approaches are based upon the selective responses of sensitive biodetectors whose chemical and molecular interactions with a wide variety of toxicants have been previously determined and reported. Bioassays capable of quantitating and chemically speciating toxicants for impacts on diverse bacterial sensors are discussed herein. The principal new development is a laser/bacterial bioassay which is capable of differentiating between various toxic chemicals and specifically distinguishing between the different organotin species based on their mechanism of toxic action. The system uses a battery of isogenic Bacillus subtilis strains genetically engineered to respond differentially to specific toxicants. The response is monitored by differential light scattering of a laser which is integrated with a computerized system that collects and analyzes the data. The system routinely generates fully analyzed data within 66 min for most samples. It is capable of making 1,200 measurements on each sample within 2 to 4 seconds, and shows promise as a rapid and inexpensive system to monitor organotins and various other toxicants on site.     

Potential for Site-specific Management of Meloidogyne incognita in Cotton Using Soil Textural Zones

The effect of various edaphic factors on Meloidogyne incognita population densities and cotton yield were evaluated from 2001 to 2003 in a commercial cotton field in southeastern Arkansas. The 6.07-ha field was subdivided into 512 plots (30.5 m × 3.9 m), and each plot was sampled for M. incognita prior to fumigation (Ppre), at planting (Pi), at peak bloom (Pm) and at harvest (Pf) each year. Soil texture (percent sand fraction) and the pre-plant soil fertility levels each year were determined from each plot. To ensure that a range of nematode population densities was available for study, 1,3-dichloropropene was applied in strips (3.9-m wide) at rates of 14.1, 29.2 and 42.2 liter/ha (128 plots each) each year 2 wk prior to planting. Data were evaluated using both stepwise and multiple regression analyses to determine relationships among edaphic factors, nematode population densities and yield. Although Pi and the percent sand fraction of the soil were the most important factors in explaining the variation in cotton yield, regression models only accounted for <26% of the variation in yield. When the same data were evaluated on a more homogeneous large-scale platform based on similar geographic locations, soil types and nematicide treatments, regression models that included both Pi and sand content explained 65%, 86% and 83% of the variability in yield for 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. Prediction profiles of the combined effects also demonstrated that damage potential for M. incognita on cotton in this study varied by soil texture.     

A novel rice C2H2-type zinc finger protein lacking DLN-box/EAR-motif plays a role in salt tolerance

A cDNA for the gene ZFP182, encoding a C2H2-type zinc finger protein, was cloned from rice by RT-PCR. ZFP182 codes an 18.2 kDa protein with two C2H2-type zinc finger motifs, one nuclear localization signal and one Leu-rich domain. The DLN-box/EAR-motif, which exists in most of plant C2H2-type zinc finger proteins, does not exist in ZFP182. The expression analysis showed that ZFP182 gene was constitutively expressed in leaves, culms, roots and spikes at the adult rice plants, and markedly induced in the seedlings by cold (4 °C), 150 mM NaCl and 0.1 mM ABA treatments. The approximate 1.4 kb promoter region of ZFP182 gene was fused into GUS reporter gene and transformed into tobacco. The histochemical analysis revealed that GUS expression could not be detected in transformed tobacco seedlings under normal conditions, but strongly observed in tobacco leaf discs and the vascular tissue of roots treated with NaCl or KCl. Expression of ZFP182 in transgenic tobacco and overexpression in rice increased plant tolerance to salt stress. These results demonstrated that ZFP182 might be involved in plant responses to salt stress.