籼稻糙米厚度的发育遗传研究

应用包括３套遗传体系基因效应的数量性状发育遗传模型,分析了１２个籼稻亲本在４个不同稻米发育时期的糙米厚性状。结果表明,三倍体胚乳、二倍体母体植株基因的加性和显性效应以及细胞质效应均可以明显影响各个稻米发育时期的糙米厚度,其中灌浆始期以二倍体母体植株效应为主,灌浆中后期以三倍体胚乳效应为主,成熟期则以细胞质效应为主。在４个不同发育时期中,控制糙米厚的基因加性效应和显性效应交替为主。胚乳显性方差和母体     

影响籼稻基因枪法遗传转化效果的几个因素的研究（简报）

Four factors influence on transformation of indica rice, which were high osmotic treatment; different explant as the target tissue; pressure of rupture disk and quantity of plasmid DNA, were investigated in this experiment. High osmotic treatment of target tissue prior to and after bombardment increased 3.2-fold for Gus transient expression than control. The best treatment of high osmotic was that the target tissues were kept in the target-bed medium which contained 0.4-0.6 mol/L sorbitol and manitol each for 4 h prior to bombardment and for 16 h after bombardment. Four explants: scutellum from mature seed, young panicle, embryogenic callus and suspension cells of indica rice were tested as target explant by particle bombardment. The results of Gus transient showed that the highest expression was scutellum and for other three explants, the order from high to low was young panicle, embryogenic callus and suspension cell. Transgenic plants were obtained from all of the explants except young panicle. For the pressure of rupture disk on transformation, 1100 psi or 1300 psi of the pressure of rupture disk were best one for the transformation and higher than 1300 psi could damage the target tissue which become black and died in the following culture duration. For the quantity of plasmid DNA, the results showed that 0.83 microgram of plasmid DNA per bombardment was preferred for the transformation of indica rice.     

籼稻和粳稻中蜡质基因座位上微卫星标记的多态性及其与直链淀粉含 …

稻米直链淀粉是在由蜡质基因Ｗｘ编码的颗粒结合淀粉合成酶（ＧＢＳＳ）的催化下合成的,最近,在Ｗｘ基因的区段内发现了一段多态性微卫星序列（ＣＴ）ｎ,对７４个非糯籼稻和粳稻材料的（ＣＴ）ｎ多态性进行了分析,并探讨了其与直链淀粉含量之间的关系,在７４个品种（系）中共发现７种（ＣＴ）ｎ片段（Ｗｘ等位基因）邓（ＣＴ）８,（ＣＴ）１０,（ＣＴ）１１,（ＣＴ）１６,（ＣＴ）１７,（ＣＴ）１８,（ＣＴ）１９,在籼粳     

高产优质早籼稻品种粤香占的生长发育特性

1998年早季在广东省农业科学院水稻研究所内,观察研究了粤香占的部分形态生理特性,结果认为这个常规稻新品种属高收获指数型,收获指数达0.6以上,而且是早季稻早熟种,其从播种到始穗历期为84 d。这个品种的生育前期生长优势较强,具有叶鞘/叶片长度比值小、LAI和干物质增长快、有效分蘖数量多的特点。     

釉稻胚培养力与农艺性状的相关分析

木文研究了32个釉稻品种〔品系）的成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率与植株农艺性状的相关 系数,并进行逐步回归分析。结果表明,在釉稻成熟种胚离体培养中,绿苗分化率除与愈伤组织诱导率 有极显著正相关（r二0.758**）外,与生育期、粒长、千粒重、穗长等农艺性状也有显著或极显著相关, 但逐步回归分析表明,绿苗分化率仅与粒长有关,决定系数仅。.21夕。     

应用多重PCR技术检测性器官异常患者的性别决定基因

采用针对人SRY基因及X与Y染色体同源序列的两对引物进行多重聚合酶链反应技术检测204例新生儿脐血DNA,男性均显示590bp、 355bp及280bp 3条扩增带,女性只有590bp1条扩增带,性别鉴定准确率为100%。又检测47例性器官异常患,13例社会性别为女性者只出现590bp扩增带,与核型性别结果一致。 34例社会性别为男性者中,有2例SRY基因检测结果阴性,只出现590bp带,核型为46,XX,证明这两例患者社会性别不相符,经病理证实后应诊断为女性假两性畸形。 Abstract:This investigation adapted multiplex PCR technique with two pairs of primer to determine sex according to the human SRY gene and X,Y chromosome analogical sequence.We detected bellybutton blood DNA from 204 newborns.Male revealed three bands:590bp,355bp and 280bp,and females only had one band which was 590bp,the accuracy of sex determination was 100%.47 sexual abnormal patients were tested.The results showed that 13 cases,whose social sex were female,had one 590bp band which consistent with their chromosome type sex.In the rest 34 cases,whose social sex were male,2cases showed,on the contrary,only one 590bp band and their chromosome type were 46,XX.This proved that the two patients did not consistent with their social sex,and pathological analysis showed that they were female pseud-hermaphroditism.     

氮素水平对籼、粳稻主要数量性状遗传力的影响

本文在0、35、75、105公斤/公顷4个纯氮水平下,考察了籼、粳稻各10个品种株高、结实率等12个主要数量性状遗传力的变化规律。结果表明,性状不同,其遗传力受氮素的影响程度也不同,两亚种皆然,但籼稻的遗传力均比粳稻的高,籼稻群体比粳稻群体更具遗传多样性。因此,育种实践中,应将目标性状设在最宜于其遗传信息充分表达的氮素水平下进行选择。     

影响籼稻DNA限制性片段长度多态性检测的因素分析

对窄叶青（籼稻）和京系１７（粳稻）的ＲＦＬＰ进行了系统分析。结果表明，某种酶多态性检测能力与同时检测到此多态性的其余酶的数目之间存在极显著的正相关（ｒ＝０．９６２＊＊）。由此推论，籼粳稻大部分ＲＦＬＰ可能来自大范围ＤＮＡ的结构变化而不是碱基取代。ｃＤＮＡ克隆虽然具有高度的保守性，但却具有比基因组克隆更高的多态性检测能力。在实验使用的探针范围内，探针长度和检测到多态性无相关性。由探针检测到的多态性位