Leucine-rich repeat C4 protein is involved in nervous tissue development and neurite outgrowth, and induction of glioma cell differentiation

LRRC4, leucine-rich repeat C4 protein, has been identified in human （GenBank accession No. AF196976）, mouse （GenBank accession No. DQ177325）, rat （GenBank accession No. DQ119102） and bovine （GenBank accession No. DQ 164537） with identical domains. In terms of their similarity, the genes encoding LRRC4 in these four mammalian species are orthogs and therefore correspond to the same gene entity. Based on previous research, and using in situ hybridization, we found that LRRC4 had the strongest expression in hippocampal CA1 and CA2, the granule cells of the dentate gyrus region, the mediodoral thalamic nucleus, and cerebella Purkinje cell layers. Using a P19 cell model, we also found that LRRC4 participates in the differentiation of neuron and glia cells. In addition, extracellular proteins containing both an LRR cassette and immunoglobulin domains have been shown to participate in axon guidance. Our data from neurite outgrowth assays indicated that LRRC4 promoted neurite extension of hippocampal neurons, and induced differentiation of glioblastoma U251 cells into astrocyte-like cells, confirmed by morphology observation and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression.     

糙皮侧耳（平菇）疏水蛋白的分离纯化及其界面自组装特性研究

从糙皮侧耳Pleurotus ostreatus Pm039菌丝体中分离纯化到一种疏水蛋白并命名为Po.HYD1,SDS-PAGE显示其分子量约15kDa。Po.HYD1具有高度的表面活性,100μg/mL浓度下能够降低水表面张力至25.5mN/m。在1~100μg/mL浓度范围内存在6μg/mL和24μg/mL两个关键浓度,说明了不同浓度范围内自组装条件的改变。水接触角测定证明了Po.HYD1自组装膜的包被能够逆转固体表面的可湿润性。原子力显微镜分析揭示了Po.HYD1在云母表面形成厚度4.2±0.1nm"小杆层";在高定向热裂解石墨表面形成厚度3.2~3.8nm吸附层;在剧烈振荡诱导下的水溶液中形成形状相似、取向一致但体积大小不等的"耳型"颗粒。     

小麦种子中几丁质酶基因的扩增及序列分析

根据http://www.tigr.org中与小麦几丁质酶基因相关的序列TC187877,设计引物,分别从小麦品种Gamenya和苏麦3号中扩增到大小约为1 000bp的片段。经序列测定和软件分析比较,发现这些片段所编码的蛋白质氨基酸序列,都有CHITINASE-19.1和CHITINASE-19.2的基序,为第II类几丁质酶基因。扩增的核酸序列在GenBank上发表,登录号分别为AY973229和AY973230。     

The origin of herbivory on land： Initial patterns of plant tissue consumption by arthropods

The early fossil record of terrestrial arthropod herbivory consists of two pulses. The first pulse was concentrated during the latest Silurian to Early Devonian （417 to 403 Ma）, and consists of the earliest evidence for consumption of sporangia and stems （and limited fungivore borings）. Herbivorization of most of these tissues was rapid, representing 0 to 20 million-year （m.y.） lags from the earliest occurrences of these organs in the fossil record to their initial consumption （Phase 1）. For approximately the next 75 m.y., there was a second, more histologically varied origination and expansion of roots, leaves, wood and seeds, whose earliest evidence for herbivorization occurred from the Middle-Late Mississippian boundary to the Middle Pennsylvanian （327 to 309 Ma）. The appearance of this second herbivory pulse during the later Paleozoic （Phase 2） is accompanied by major lags of 98 to 54 m.y. between times of appearance of each of the four organ and tissue types and their subsequent herbivory. Both pulses provide a context for three emerging questions. First is an explanation for the contrast between the near instantaneous consumption of plant tissues during Phase 1, versus the exceptionally long lags between the earliest occurrences of plant tissues and their subsequent herbivorization during Phase 2. Second is the identity of arthropod herbivores for both phases. Third is the cause behind the overwhelming targeting of seed-fern plant hosts during Phase 2. Regardless of the answers to these questions, the trace fossil record of plant-arthropod associations provides primary ecological data that remain unaddressed by the body-fossil record alone.     

魅力四射的花粉微观世界

花粉是种子植物的雄性生殖细胞,是在植物生命周期中不可缺少的重要组成部分。虽然它们很微小,肉眼看不见,但在扫描电子显微镜下,却呈现出一个绚丽多彩、魅力四射的微观世界。它们的形态各异,表面纹     

柽柳金属硫蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

用木麻黄(Casuarina glauca)的金属硫蛋白基因(metallothionein 1)氨基酸序列对柽柳ESTs序列本地数据库进行tBlastn检索,获得了柽柳金属硫蛋白基因全长cDNA序列,去除polyA后该基因全长366 bp,其中5′非翻译区97 bp,3′非翻译区59 bp,开放读码框(ORF)长210 bp,编码70 个氨基酸组成的多肽,蛋白分子量为6.793 kD,理论等电点为4.99,含10个Cys,集中分布在肽链的N端和C端。BlastP同源性分析表明该基因与花生同源性最高,与小豆同源性最低。该基因的EST序列在GenBank登录(登录号：CV792539)。     

六股尖自然保护区种子植物多样性研究及其保护对策

六股尖自然保护区是皖南山区中亚热带植被带的重要组成部分,其种子植物多样性丰富,具有种子植物134科,529属,994种,有珍稀保护植物35种,是一个天然的物种基因库。区系成分复杂,起源古老,南北成分过渡明显,替代性分布比较突出。属的分析显示529属可归为14个分布区类型,并与世界各地有广泛联系,温带分布占56.9%,热带分布占40.0%,其R/T（热带成分比温带成分）比值为0.70,比黄山（0.57）、清凉峰（0.53）、天堂寨（0.51）略高,与齐云山（0.77）相近,显示其热带性比黄山、清凉峰、天堂寨略强,与齐云山相似。植被分布从下至上依次为农耕林（次生）(海拔700 m以下)、常绿落叶阔叶混交林（700～1 100 m）、落叶阔叶混交林（1 100～1 300 m）、山地灌丛（1 300～1 500 m）、高山草甸（1 500 m以上）。其代表性植被常绿落叶阔叶混交林,群落多样性分析表明,其Simpson指数为8.82±2.70,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为2.62±0.27,种间相遇机率PIE为0.88±0.05,群落均匀度R为0.78±0.07,显示该群落物种多样性丰富,分布均匀,结构稳定。通过PCA排序可以将六股尖等21个山地划分为华南、华北、华东三大植物区系。为保护和修复该地的常绿阔叶林、中亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林以及一些重要的珍稀濒危植物资源如华东黄杉林等,提出了一些相应的保护措施。     

热休克蛋白90β在结肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的：了解热体克蛋白90β（HSP90β）在结肠癌组织中的表达,并探讨其与肿瘤临床病理特征之间的关系。方法：运用SP免疫组织化学染色方法检测72例结肠癌组织和30例癌旁正常组织中HSP90β的表达情况,分析其与结肠癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果：HSP90β在结肠癌组织、癌旁正常组织中的表达阳性率分别为30／72（41．67％）、5／30（16．67％）,两者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,HSP90β的表达水平与肿瘤的病理学分级之间有相关性（P〈0．05）,随着结肠癌分化程度的降低,HSP90β的阳性表达率升高,HSP90β与肿瘤Duke’s分期之间无相关（P〉0．05）。结论：HSP90β在结肠癌组织中的表达阳性率明显高于癌旁正常组织,HSP90β的高表达可能参与了结肠癌的恶性转化,有望作为结肠癌基因治疗的一个新靶点。     

结直肠癌中HSP60和HSP27表达的免疫组织化学研究

目的1观察热休克蛋白60和热休克蛋白27在结直肠癌中的表达及意义。方法：收集结直肠癌80例,其中淋巴结转移40例（转移组）,无淋巴结转移40例（无转移组）;另外,在结直肠癌80例中,有结直肠腺瘤（腺瘤组）以及距肿块15cm以上的正常肠粘膜（对照组）各40例。应用免疫组织化学SP法检测组织中蛋白的表达。结果：HSP60的表达主要定位在癌细胞胞浆,在对照组、腺瘤组、非转移组、转移组中的表达阳性率分别为25％、30％、57．5％、90％,组间比较发现,对照组与转移组、腺瘤组与转移组、转移组与非转移组（x^2=10．912,P〈0．001）的HSP60阳性表达率存在统计学差异;而对照组与腺瘤和非转移组间以及腺瘤与非转移组间无统计学差异。HSP27的表达主要定位在癌细胞的胞浆,在对照组、腺瘤组、非转移组、转移组的表达阳性率分别为5％,35％,50％,90％,组间比较发现,对照组分别与无淋巴结转移组、淋巴结转移组;腺瘤组分别与转移组;非转移组与转移组间存在统计学差异,腺瘤与非转移组间无统计学差异。HSP60和HSP27表达间无统计学相关。结论：HSP27表达可能与结直肠癌发生和转移相关。而HSP60的表达可能在结直肠癌转移中具有重要意义。     

三维肺部图像中疑似肺结节结构的自动提取

本文提出了一种肺部CT图像三维数据中自动提取疑似结节区域的方法。首先结合阈值分割、种子填充等方法,在三维体数据上分割出肺实质。进而利用改进的模糊C均值聚类,提取出结节及具有结节特征的血管、支气管等感兴趣区域。该工作对感兴趣区域的特征提取有重要意义,是早期肺癌计算机辅助诊断重要的一步。