Digoxin exerts anticancer activity on human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by blocking PI3K/Akt pathway

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality because of its metastatic potential and high malignancy. The discovery of new applications for old drugs is a shortcut for cancer therapy. We recently investigated the antitumor effect of digoxin, a well-established drug for treating heart failure, against nonsmall cell lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells. Digoxin inhibited the proliferation and colony-forming ability of the two cell lines and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase in A549 cells and the G2/M phase in H1299 cells. Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis was induced in A549 cells but not in H1299 cells after treatment with digoxin. Moreover, digoxin inhibited the migration, invasion, adhesion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of A549 and H1299 cells. Autophagy was induced in both cell lines after treatment with digoxin, with an increase in autophagosome foci. In addition, digoxin inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K, signaling molecules of the PI3K/Akt pathway that are known to be involved in tumor cell survival, proliferation, metastasis and autophagy. Our findings suggest that digoxin has the potential to be used for therapy for human nonsmall cell lung cancer, but further evidence is required.     

BP人工神经网络模拟杨树林冠蒸腾

利用2008和2010年的气温、饱和差、总辐射和叶面积指数作为模型输入,液流法观测的蒸腾速率作为模型输出,建立了用于杨树林冠蒸腾模拟的BP人工神经网络模型,利用2009年的观测数据对模型的模拟能力进行了检验,并应用连接权值计算得到的输入变量对输出变量的相对贡献进行了敏感性分析。结果表明:建立的BP人工神经网络蒸腾模型可以很好的模拟林冠蒸腾大小和季节变化,模拟的绝对误差和绝对相对误差的平均值分别为0.11 mm/d和9.5%,纳什效率系数为0.83;输入变量对蒸腾的相对贡献以及蒸腾与输入变量之间的相关性大小顺序相同,均为总辐射叶面积指数饱和差气温。     

基于MAXENT模型的秦岭山系黑熊潜在生境评价

明确物种生境空间分布格局及其与环境因子的关系,对制定合理有效的保护对策十分重要.本文以黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)为研究对象,以其重要柄息地秦岭山系为研究区域,选取68个黑熊分布点数据和34个环境因子,应用MAXENT模型分析其生境空间分布及主要影响因子,以最大化Kappa值的生境适宜性指数为阈值划分适宜生境,结合已建自然保护区进行保护空缺分析,并通过构建阻力面和最小成本路径分析,开展黑熊生境廊道规划.结果表明:人类干扰和土地利用类型是影响黑熊生境选择的主要生态因子,居民点密度、到荒草地距离、到耕地距离3个因子对黑熊生境选择有重要影响,其综合贡献值分别为21.4%、17.5%和15.9%,到阔叶林距离、到水体距离等因子次之.黑熊的适宜生境主要集中分布在秦岭山系主脊的中西部地区,占整个秦岭山系面积的19.23%.空缺分析表明:已建自然保护区群覆盖了23.49%的适宜生境,但尚有8,480 km2处于保护区之外.为更有效保护秦岭黑熊及其生境,建议建设12条生境廊道,同时结合其他物种进行系统保护规划.     

一株源于醇化烟叶表面高效降解TSNA 菌株AS97 的分离筛选、鉴定及应用

摘要:【目的】烟草特有亚硝胺(Tobacco-specific nitrosamines,简称TSNA)是烟叶中的主要致癌物质。本研究从筛选建立的特有菌库中发现了1 株可有效降解TSNA 的菌株AS97,并对其进行了鉴定及初步应用研究。【方法】采用富集驯化及选择培养基筛选得到硝酸盐与亚硝酸盐转化能力最强的菌株AS97;根据菌株的形态特征、生理生化特性及16S rRNA 基因序列分析对其进行鉴定;并将AS97 自制发酵液喷施于烟丝表面,确定适宜接种量和发酵条件,采用LC-MS /MS(液相色谱串联质谱)方法检测TSNA 中四种主要成分的含量。【结果】菌株AS97 源于云南玉溪烤烟样品表面,经分析确定其为荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens,GenBank 登录号:JF449445)。将AS97 自制发酵液以5% 的接种量喷施于烟丝,30℃(相对湿度是60%)条件下发酵10 d 检测烟叶中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、TSNA、4-(N-甲基-亚硝基) -1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK)、N-亚硝基去甲基烟碱(NNN)、N-亚硝基新烟草碱(NAT) 及N-亚硝基假木贼碱(NAB) 的转化率分别达到68. 77%、45. 57%、45. 47%、59. 08%、38. 79%、21. 41% 及11. 76%。相关性分析结果表明烤烟中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐与TSNA 的含量均呈极显著相关(P＞0.01),进一步证实硝酸盐与亚硝酸盐是TSNA 的主要前体物质。【结论】醇化烟叶表面的荧光假单胞菌AS97 能够显著降低TSNA 的含量。本文首次报道了源于醇化烤烟表面对TSNA 有良好转化能力的Pseudomonas fluorescens。可将其开发成新型微生物制剂,应用于低害卷烟制品的生 产实践中。     

2018-2019年云南省部分地区鼠类携带汉坦病毒基因型别分析

为了解云南省汉坦病毒的分子流行病学特征,本研究在云南省祥云县、泸西县、禄丰县和楚雄市4个地区布点,采集鼠类动物标本,运用实时荧光RT-PCR检测鼠肺标本中的汉坦病毒中的汉滩病毒和首尔病毒核酸,通过PCR扩增S节段的全基因序列,并进行核苷酸同源性分析和遗传进化分析。结果共捕获鼠类动物70份,包含10个鼠种,其中褐家鼠30只,占42.9%,其次是鼩鼱12只,占17.1%;核酸检测阳性标本19份,均为首尔病毒,检出率为27.1%,源自祥云县的标本检出率在四个地区中最高(32.0%)。从鼠肺标本中扩增得到8条汉坦病毒S节段全基因序列,相似性为87.0%~99.7%,遗传进化分析显示基因序列聚集形成2个分支,一个分支属于S1亚型,另一个分支在遗传进化分析和blast比对分析中与其他亚型同源性均小于90%,属首尔病毒中独立的新的遗传进化分支,提示了云南省鼠类动物间多基因亚型首尔汉坦病毒流行,应进一步关注由宿主动物溢出感染人的潜力。     

SNX11 Identified as an Essential Host Factor for SFTS Virus Infection by CRISPR Knockout Screening

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne bunyavirus that causes lethal infectious disease and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS) in humans. The molecular mechanisms and host cellular factors required for SFTSV infection remain uncharacterized. Using a genome-wide CRISPR-based screening strategy, we identified a host cellular protein, sorting nexin 11(SNX11) which is involved in the intracellular endosomal trafficking pathway, as an essential cell factor for SFTSV infection. An SNX11-KO HeLa cell line was established, and SFTSV replication was significantly reduced. The glycoproteins of SFTSV were detected and remained in later endosomal compartments but were not detectable in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER) or Golgi apparatus. pH values in the endosomal compartments of the SNX11-KO cells increased compared with the pH of normal HeLa cells, and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1(LAMP1) expression was significantly elevated in the SNX11-KO cells. Overall,these results indicated that penetration of SFTSV from the endolysosomes into the cytoplasm of host cells was blocked in the cells lacking SNX11. Our study for the first time provides insight into the important role of the SNX11 as an essential host factor in the intracellular trafficking and penetrating process of SFTSV infection via potential regulation of viral protein sorting, membrane fusion, and other endocytic machinery.     

二氯喹啉酸降解菌MC-10的筛选、鉴定及其降解特性

【目的】为治理稻-烟轮作田块上茬土壤中二氯喹啉酸残留问题,筛选高效降解细菌菌株。【方法】通过富集培养和选择培养,从常年施用二氯喹啉酸的水稻田中筛选可以降解二氯喹啉酸的细菌;对其进行形态学观察、生理生化特征测定和16S r DNA序列系统发育鉴定。【结果】分离的降解菌株MC-10被鉴定为节杆属菌株(Arthrobacter sp.)。菌株MC-10在5%接种量p H 7、28℃时,对初始浓度为20 mg/L二氯喹啉酸7 d可降解90%以上。该降解菌的最佳降解条件为p H 7、30℃,二氯喹啉酸初始浓度在1-100mg/L间均有良好的降解效果;菌株MC-10在土壤中对二氯喹啉酸同样有良好的降解效果,温室内7 d对二氯喹啉酸污染土壤的修复率可达70%。【结论】菌株MC-10在二氯喹啉酸污染土壤和水质治理中具有潜在的应用前景。