人参多肽基因的化学合成和克隆

 本文报道了具有降血糖作用的人参多肽基因的设计及用固相亚磷酰胺法的合成。再以质粒pUC19作为克隆载体,以大肠杆菌JM101为受体菌,克隆了人参多肽基因,并成功地获得了克隆菌株。     

家兔早期胚胎细胞发育能力的研究

本文利用胚泡注射法制作嵌合体对家兔交配后96,120和144小时的ICM细胞的发育能力进行了研究。供体胚胎取自青紫兰灰免,受体胚胎取自新西兰白兔,结果表明96和120小时供胚的ICM细胞与96小时受胚胚泡组合后均能参与发育,形成嵌合兔,144小时者未获得嵌合体。由于120小时的ICM细胞发育的2只表型为雄性的嵌合兔,其中1只不育,其性腺和外周血核型表明不育兔为xx/xy性嵌合,性腺中有处于不同发育程度的卵巢和精细管,外周血含xx和xy两种核型。本实验结果首次证明家兔交配后120小时胚泡的ICM细胞仍具有参与嵌合体发育的能力。它不仅能参与体细胞的分化,并具有形成生殖细胞的能力。交配后144小时胚泡的ICM细胞其发育能力似乎已发生了局限。     

Identification of baculovirus gene that promotes Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus replication in a nonpermissive insect cell line.

A gene that promotes Autographa californica M nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) replication in IPLB-Ld652Y cells, a cell line that is nonpermissive for AcMNPV, was identified in Lymantria dispar M nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdMNPV). Cotransfection of AcMNPV DNA and a plasmid carrying the LdMNPV gene into IPLB-Ld652Y cells results in AcMNPV replication. The gene maps between 43.3 and 43.8 map units on the 162-kbp genome of LdMNPV. It comprises a 218-codon open reading frame and encodes a polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 25.7 kDa. The predicted polypeptide is glutamic acid and valine rich and negatively charged, with a pI of 4.61. No protein sequence motifs were identified, and no matches with known nucleotide or peptide sequences were found in the AcMNPV genome or database searches that suggest how this gene might function. A recombinant AcMNPV bearing the LdMNPV gene overcomes a block in protein synthesis observed in AcMNPV-infected IPLB-Ld652Y cells. Using Southern blotting techniques, we were unable to identify a homolog in Orgyia pseudotsugata M nuclear polyhedrosis virus, a baculovirus that is routinely propagated in IPLB-Ld652Y cells. This suggests that the LdMNPV host range is unique among the baculoviruses studied to date. We named this gene hrf-1 (for host range factor 1).     

黄皮种子发育过程中脱水敏感性与细胞膜透性的关系

黄皮（Ｃｌａｕｓｅｎａ ｌａｎｓｉｕｍ （Ｌｏｕｒ．） Ｓｋｅｅｌｓ）胚轴与完整种子的发育模式以及发育中电解质渗漏率变化有些不同． 种子生理成熟前、后的胚轴对脱水的反应也不同,前者经轻微脱水可提高萌发率和活力指数,后者不耐任何程度的脱水．活力指数的急剧下降伴随着电解质渗漏率的迅速上升．实验表明,黄皮种子在发育过程中没有形成耐脱水性． 细胞膜透性变化可反映脱水对种子的伤害程度     

露水草的光合特性及其生态学意义

用盆栽和遮阴试验研究了露水草（Ｃｙａｎｏｔｉｓ ａｒａｃｈｎｏｉｄｅａ Ｃｌａｒｋｅ） 的光合作用特征,比较了不同遮光水平对光合速率、光合器官特性及光合产量的影响。结果如下：１．露水草是一种耐阴偏阳的Ｃ３ 类草木植物,其光合作用的光饱和点约为６５０ μｍ ｏｌ·ｍ － ２·ｓ－ １,光补偿点约为１７ μｍ ｏｌ·ｍ － ２·ｓ－ １,且具有高达１３０×１０－ ６的ＣＯ２ 补偿点。２．露水草的最大净光合速率为１２．４５ μｍ ｏｌ·ｍ － ２·ｓ－ １。叶片净光合速率的日变化规律呈双峰曲线,主峰在１１～１２ 时,次峰在１５时左右。３．遮光２０％ ～５０％ 有利于露水草的生长。与对照相比,叶片中叶绿素ｂ 的含量增加了４７％ ～８３％ ,并且由于净光合速率（相对光合速率）的提高,使光合生产量增加了１２％ ～１８％ 。     

新疆亚鳞木（比较种）角质层特征

报道了产自江苏宜兴晚泥盆世五通组新疆亚鳞木（比较种）Ｓｕｂｌｅｐｉｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎ ｃｆ． ｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｅＳｕｎ）的表皮角质层用荧光分析显示的特征．该种茎干表皮角质层覆于叶座及叶座间隔带,其中间隔带角质层厚于叶座．表皮细胞在间隔带与叶座表现特征不同．间隔带中部,表皮细胞呈纵长的多边形,其纵长方向与茎干延伸方向相同,细胞壁略有弯曲．间隔带靠近叶座之表皮细胞,细胞壁直,形状类似于前者;但大小仅为前者的１／２左右,且其纵长方向逐渐向叶座边缘偏转．叶座表皮细胞呈近等多边形,有胞间隙．该种茎表皮无气孔     

Outline structure of the human L1 cell adhesion molecule and the sites where mutations cause neurological disorders.

The L1 cell adhesion molecule has six domains homologous to members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and five homologous to fibronectin type III domains. We determined the outline structure of the L1 domains by showing that they have, at the key sites that determine conformation, residues similar to those in proteins of known structure. The outline structure describes the relative positions of residues, the major secondary structures and residue solvent accessibility. We use the outline structure to investigate the likely effects of 22 mutations that cause neurological diseases. The mutations are not randomly distributed but cluster in a few regions of the structure. They can be divided into those that act mainly by changing conformation or denaturing their domain and those that alter its surface properties.     

Identification of two glutaminases inRhizobium etli

We present evidence thatRhizobium etli has two glutaminases differentiated by their thermostability and electrophoretic mobility. The thermostable glutaminase (B) is constitutive, in contrast with the thermolabile glutaminase (A), which is positively regulated by glutamine and negatively regulated by ammonium and by the carbon source. In distinction to glutaminase A, glutaminase B plays a minor role in the utilization of glutamine as a carbon source, but it may play a role in maintaining the balance of glutamine and glutamate. By complementation of theRhizobium etli LM16 mutant that lacks glutaminase A, we have cloned the gene that codes for this enzyme.