Germin-Like Polypeptides Increase in Barley Roots during Salt Stress

The 26 kilodalton, isoelectric point 6.3 and 6.5 (Gs1 and Gs2) polypeptides that increase in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots during salt stress were isolated and identified. Both Gs1 and Gs2 had high sequence similarity to germin, a protein that increases significantly in germinating wheat seeds. Like germin, Gs1 and Gs2 were resistant to proteases and were glycosylated. Immunoblots were probed with antibodies to Gs1 and Gs2 to determine the distribution of these polypeptides among organs and cell-free fractions. Gs1 and Gs2 were present in roots and coleoptiles, but absent from leaves. In roots, Gs1 and Gs2 were present in the mature region, but not the tip. Gs1 and Gs2 increased in roots, but decreased in coleoptiles in response to salt stress. Gs1 and Gs2 were distributed among the soluble, microsomal, and cell wall fractions of roots, but the majority of Gs1 and Gs2 was present in the soluble fraction. Although Gs1 and Gs2 were heat stable, their synthesis was not affected by abscisic acid treatment. Gs2 accumulated during abscisic acid treatment, whereas Gs1 did not. However, a 25.5 kilodalton, isoelectric point 6.1 polypeptide that was immunologically related to Gs1 did accumulate with abscisic acid treatment.     

Synergistic effect of glycine and bacteriocin release protein in the release of periplasmic protein in recombinantE. coli

Summary The synergistic effect of using mitomycin C-induced bacteriocin release protein (BRP) and glycine on cell growth, protein expression and release in a recombinant strain RR1 ofE. coli was investigated. An optimal combination of 50 ng/ml mitomycin C and 0.5% glycine concentration enhanced the release of periplasmic proteins from the cell into the fermentation broth without significantly affecting protein productivity. Under this optimal condition, the percentage of -amylase released into the broth increased from 7–13% to as much as 78%. The cell growth curve and low extracellular activity of the cytoplasmic protein -galactosidase show that there is no appreciable cell lysis.     

Leaf photosynthetic rate is correlated with biomass and grain production in grain sorghum lines

Significant genetic variation in leaf photosynthetic rate has been reported in grain sorghum [Sorghum biocolor (L.) Moench]. The relationships between leaf photosynthetic rates and total biomass production and grain yield remain to be established and formed the purpose of this experiment. Twenty two grain sorghum parent lines were tested in the field during the 1988 growing season under well-watered and water-limited conditions. Net carbon assimilation rates were measured at mid-day during the 30 day period from panicle initiation to head exertion on upper-most fully expanded leaves using a portable photosynthesis system (LI-6200). Total biomass and grain production were determined at physiological maturity. The lines exhibited significant genetic variation in leaf photosynthetic rate, total biomass production and grain yield. Significant positive correlations existed between leaf photosynthesis and total biomass and grain production under both well-watered and water-limited conditions. The results suggest that leaf photosynthetic rate measured prior to flowering is a good indicator of productivity in grain sorghum.     

用2DNMR鉴定倍半萜多元酯的结构

利用2DNMR结合其他波谱方法从苦皮藤种子油中鉴定了2个新倍半萜多元酯,它们分别是1α-苯甲酰氧-8β-烟酰氧-9α、11β-2乙酰氧-β-二氢沉香呋喃,1β-苯甲酰氧-2α、8β、9α、11β-4乙酰氧-β-二氢沉香呋喃,命名为苦皮藤酯2和3。     

西双版纳傣族“龙山”的生态学意义

傣族“龙山”是西双版纳地区傣族的民族植物文化中的一例。其概念是“神居住的地方”,在这个地方的动植物都是神的家园里的生灵,是神的伴侣,是不能砍伐、狩猎和破坏的。人     

几种药物抑制马传染性贫血病毒和人免疫缺陷病毒的实验研究

用马传染性贫血病毒—驴胚肺二倍体细胞(EIAV-DELDC)为实验体系,以细胞中病毒逆转录酶活性及病毒相关抗原的表达为观察指标,检测了叠氮胸苷(AZT)、三氮唑核苷(Ribavirin,病毒唑)、磷羧基甲酸钠(PFA)和苏拉明等4种已知抗人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)药物对马传染性贫血病毒的抑制作用。结果表明,PFA、AZTTP(三磷酸AZT)和苏拉明均能抑制病毒相关抗原的表达,AZT虽无此作用,但能抑制细胞内逆转录酶活性。用~3H-TMP掺入法比较了PFA、AZTTP、苏拉明对体外无细胞系EIAV逆转录酶粗提物和HIV-1基因工程产物逆转录酶活性的抑制作用表明,两种逆转录酶对苏拉明的敏感性相近,而HIV-1逆转录酶对PFA和AZTTP的敏感性较EIAV者高约100倍。又以无细胞系中逆转录酶活性测定法,检测了12种中药提取物的抑制作用,其中小柴胡汤对EIAV和HIV-1逆转录酶活性都有抑制作用,IC_(50)为717μg/ml和700μg/ml(生药浓度)。小柴胡汤对两种病毒感染细胞中抗原的表达和HIV引起细胞病变都有抑制作用,对HIV-1的抑制比EIAV强。这些结果表明,EIAV-DELDC体系可考虑作为抗HIV-1药物筛选模型。     

中国小竹鼠生态的初步研究

小竹鼠在我国仅分布于云南西部热带亚热带地区。主要生活于山坡稀树灌丛、阔叶林、橡胶园及居民点附近。在盈江县分布于海拔300-950米地带。取食、休息、繁殖主要在洞道内。洞系由洞口、取食道、趋避道、窝及“厕所”组成。食物主要有棕叶芦、芦竹及三叶橡胶等18种,尤喜食橡胶树主根,因而对橡胶树危害很大。13号标本中雌7雄6。在盈江每胎2-3只,以2只为多。成年小竹鼠过独居生活,雌雄各有自己的洞系。