应用离体叶片法鉴定棉花种质抗螨性的研究

应用离体叶片法,对9个棉花种质进行了鉴定,试验结果表明;种质间抗生性和忌避性差异显著;同株棉花不同部位的叶片对朱砂叶螨的抗生性无显著性差异。通过对叶螨在不同棉花种质上种群增长动态进行系统聚类,可将9个棉花种质划分为3类:斯字棉825-91、杞县86789、鄂棉314、苏联8911为1类,中棉164、潼南接龙棉、新库861517-2、南农NAC90-2为1类,美棉7-15独立为1类。依据朱砂叶螨在不同种质上的种群增长曲线和高峰期螨量增长倍数,可将9个种质划分为3个类型;斯字棉825-91、新库861517-2为抗性类型,潼南接龙棉、美棉7-15、南农NAC90-2为感性类型,其余为中抗类型。从忌避性看:斯字棉825-91、美棉7-15表现出较高的忌避性。     

广州抽水蓄能电站蓄水库蓄水初期浮游生物调查

对我国首座核电站配套工程的抽水蓄能电站水库蓄水初期的浮游生物进行了调查。蓄水水库由上下两水库组成。两水库的浮游生物种类组成显著不同。上水库浮游植物共记录到３０种（属）,浮游动物１２种（属）;下水库浮游植物１９种（属）;浮游动物２５种（属）。上下两水库浮游生物数量均较贫乏,表明浮游生物群落尚处于初期发育阶段,但在局部浅水处已出现小规模的蓝藻水花,认为是水库蓄水初期必然的结果     

Inherited non-autosomal effects on body fat in F2 mice derived from an AKR/J × SWR/J cross

In this study we describe the contribution of matrilineal and patrilineal effects on the adiposity, body weight, and on the weights of individual fat pads in F₂ male mice derived from an SWR/J × AKR/J cross. AKR/J mice become obese after 12 weeks on a high-fat diet, whereas SWR/J mice remain relatively lean. Here we report that mice with AKR maternal and AKR paternal grandmothers have significantly larger epidydimal and retroperitoneal fat pads than those with SWR maternal and paternal grandmothers. However, grandparental strain had no effect on the overall adiposity (AI) or the weights of the inguinal, subcutaneous or mesenteric fat pads. The strain of the paternal grandparents had a small but significant effect on body weight. These effects can be attributed to in utero effects, imprinting effects, cytoplasmic and/or Y chromosome transmission of factors controlling body fat. We also describe the presence of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on Chromosome X, close to DXMit174, which is linked to adiposity, body weight, and to the weights of the individual fat depots. However, this QTL is not responsible for the grandparental strain effects described above. Received: 3 March 1997 / Accepted: 5 May 1997     

鲨鱼软骨制剂抑制血管生成的研究

以鲨鱼软骨为原料,经盐酸胍抽提,丙酮分级沉淀, 超滤等步骤得到鲨鱼软骨制剂(shark cartilage preparation,SCP). 利用整装细胞扫描电镜方法测定SCP对血管内皮细胞骨架系统的影响,体外细胞迁移实验测定它对内皮细胞迁移的抑制效应,及鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜实验测定对血管生成的抑制效应. 结果表明SCP能显著抑制内皮细胞的骨架形成;显著抑制内皮细胞的迁移,并有明显的浓度依赖关系;显著抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜的血管生成. 细胞骨架是细胞分裂增殖及运动迁移的基础,血管内皮细胞的运动迁移又是血管生成的基础,因此SCP的作用机理可能是通过抑制细胞骨架的形成,抑制内皮细胞的运动迁移,从而抑制血管生成.     

载脂蛋白AⅡ保护内皮细胞的实验研究

以细胞形态观察、细胞存活率、乳酸脱氢酶释放和前列环素测定等方面研究载脂蛋白AⅡ保护内皮细胞的作用.结果显示,载脂蛋白AⅡ可部分拮抗低密度脂蛋白对内皮细胞的损伤作用, 维持内皮细胞形态基本正常,乳酸脱氢酶释放减少,前列环素合成增加.     

猫尾核头部前区对三叉神经尾端脊束核的抑制作用及其方式

在清醒麻痹状态下的55只猫上,观察了电刺激尾核头部前区(Cd)对三叉神经尾端脊束核(cST)中了齿槽神经(AI)伤害性刺激所诱发的放电的影响。刺激 Cd 可以抑制大多数 cST 神经元的伤害性反应,抑制持续约100—500ms。抑制时程可为静脉注射戊巴比妥钠和安定而延长,注射印防己毒素可使其缩短。马钱子素使抑制时程稍有延长。这些结果提示,Cd 对 cST神经元的抑制作用是通过突触前抑制的方式实现的。     

Limited proteolysis of glutamine synthetase is inhibited by glutamate and by feedback inhibitors.

Limited proteolysis of glutamine synthetase from Escherichia coli has been studied under nondenaturing conditions (pH 7.6, 20 degrees C). Trypsin cleaves the polypeptide chain of glutamine synthetase into two principal fragments, Mr = about 32,000 and 18,000. The covalently bound AMP group is attached to the larger fragment and its presence does not affect cleavage. Although the cleaved polypeptide chain does not dissociate under nondenaturing conditions, catalytic activity is lost. Chymotrypsin and Staphylococcus aureus protease produce similar cleavages in glutamine synthetase. The substrate L-glutamate retards tryptic as well as chymotryptic digestion. Tryptic digestion is also retarded by some of the feedback inhibitors of glutamine synthetase including CTP, L-alanine, L-serine, L-histidine, and glucosamine 6-phosphate. An implication of these findings is that there is a region of the glutamine synthetase polypeptide chain that is particularly susceptible to proteolysis. Either the glutamate and inhibitor sites are formed partly by this suceptible peptide or the binding of glutamate and some inhibitors induces conformational changes within the E. coli glutamine synthetase molecule in the region of the susceptible peptide.     

自由林网对农田地形的影响

我国东北、华北和西北等风沙危害严重地区,长期以来,农民群众以防止风沙的机械作用为目的,自发地营造了许多不规整的小林网,这种小林网就是所谓的自由林网。一般是由2—3行树木构成的窄林带,带间距离多在100米以内。选用的树种以早柳为主,间或也有杨树、榆树或其它的阔叶树种,由于自由林网能够较为迅速地起到保护农田,提高产量的实际     

中国蜘蛛抱蛋属一新记录种——博格纳蜘蛛抱蛋

报道了产自中国云南喀斯特地区的蜘蛛抱蛋属一新记录种——博格纳蜘蛛抱蛋（Aspidistra bogneri H.-J.Tillich）。该种以前报道仅产于越南宁平省菊芳国家公园（Ninh Binh,Cuc Phuong National Park）,本次是中国首次记录。对该种的特征进行了详细描述并提供了彩色图片,凭证标本存放于中国科学院昆明植物研究所标本馆（KUN）。     

对林檎分类学地位的研究

林檎与花红在新梢、花、果方面均有较大的差别,其树干及大枝上有寄生瘤状突起。中国绵苹果的酶谱差异较大,林檎与花红的酶谱最接近,主酶带均为三条,其中有两条Rf值分别为0.53、0.56的主酶带相同;林檎比花红多出一条Rf值为0.80的弱酶带。结果表明,林檎为花红的一个变种。