拟除虫菊酯的结构与害虫抗药性的关系

以家蝇Musca domestica vicina L.为试虫,用汰选方法研究了家蝇对六种不同拟除虫菊酯的抗性发展.结果表明,家蝇对不同化学结构和不同光学异构体组分的拟除虫菊酯抗性差别很大.对溴氧菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯抗性发展很快,氯氰菊酯次之,氰戊菊酯、氰戍菊酯A和氰戊菊酯A_σ抗性发展较慢.用抗溴氰菊酯家蝇品系和点滴法测定了十种拟除虫菊酯和七种有机磷杀虫剂的毒力,讨论了它们之间的交互抗性和结构与抗性的关系.溴氰菊酯(抗性比值24.00)、氯氰嫡酯(抗性比值20.11)、顺式氯氰菊酯(抗性比值38.10)和二氯苯醚菊酯(抗性比值11.04),结构相近的交互抗性比较严重.氰戊菊酯(抗性比值4.64)、氰戊菊酯A(抗性比值5.97)、戊菊酯(抗性比值4.49)和氟氰菊酯(抗性比值4.12)化学结构中醇部分与溴氰菊酯相同、酸部分不同,它们与溴氰菊酯交互抗性水平较低.联苯菊酯(抗性比值1.98)化学结构中酯和醇部分都与溴氰菊酯不同,其交互抗性水平较低,杀螟松等七种有机磷杀虫剂,除敌敌畏与溴氰菊酯有轻微交互坑性外,其它均无交互抗性.     

蝇蛹俑小蜂、丽蝇蛹集金小蜂触角感器的扫描电镜观察

本文利用扫描电镜首次对蝇蛹俑小蜂(Spalangia endius)触角及其感器进行了研究.共观察到七类感器:触觉毛类感器、板状感器、薄壁化学感受器、锥形乳头状感器、鬃形感器、短刺形感器和棒状感器.同时在丽蝇蛹集金小蜂(Nasonia Vitripennis)触角上观察到七种感器.比较研究发现,在两种小蜂间.同种小蜂异性间.感器的种类、数量、排列及分布均有差异,并对此进行了讨论.     

中国巨腿花螳属二新种记述：螳螂目：花螳螂亚科

本文记述花螳螂亚科巨腿花螳属二新种:半黑巨腿花螳 Hestiasula seminigra Zhang sp.nov.基黑巨腿花螳H.basinigra Zhang sp.nov.模式标本保存于南京林业大学昆虫标本室。     

四川鱼类寄生吸虫一新种：（复殖目：尾孔科）

本文记述了尾孔科吸虫一新种——平睾尾孔吸虫,新种Urotrema parallelorchis sp.nov.。新种采自短身间吸鳅和犁头鳅的肠道。新种的睾丸左右排列而不同于该属的所有已知种。     

亚洲象无齿奎隆线虫一新种：（圆形亚目：毛线科）

本文报道作者近年来在石家庄动物园对亚洲象Elephas maximus进行药物驱虫时采集的寄生线虫一新种,无齿奎隆线虫,新种Quilonia edentata sp.nov.,模式标本保存于河北师范大学生物系。     

高翔蜉属一新种：蜉蝣目：扁蜉蝣科

本文记述采自湖南省大庸市高翔蜉属一新种。该种以其阳茎叶外侧面具有一向前弯曲的钩状突起为显著特征,可区别于本属其他种类。     

广西窄腹茧蜂属一新种：膜翅目：茧蜂科：茧蜂亚科

茧蜂亚科已知有123个属(Quicke,1987),其中窄腹茧蜂属Angustibracon Quicke是Quicke(1987)根据分布在印度的1个种Bracon leptogaster Cameron重新组合为1个新属而建立,迄今已定名种仅此1种。我们整理广西茧蜂标本时,鉴定出该属1新种。这是本属种类在我国分布的首次报道,现将该属属征和新种形态记述如下。新种模式标本存湖南农学院昆虫标本室。     

吉林省跃度蝗属一新种：直翅目：网翅蝗科

本文报道跃度蝗属1新种。模式标本保存于东北师范大学生物系动物标本室。1.土们岭跃度蝗Podismopsis tumenlingensis,新种 雄性:体小型。头顶三角形,具中隆线,眼间距宽为触角间颜面隆起宽的2.00-2.26倍。缺头侧窝。颜面倾斜,颜面隆起侧缘近平行,中央具纵沟。触角丝状,     

中国三节茧蜂属Acampsis Wesmale记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科:屏腹茧蜂亚科)

三节茧蜂属Acampsis Wesmael是屏腹茧蜂亚科中的1个小属,全世界仅知1种。本文新添在我国发现的2个新种:中华三节茧蜂A.chinensis sp.nov.(陕西)和湖南三节茧蜂A.hunanensis sp.nov.(湖南)。这是本属在我国的首次发现,也是在东洋区的首次报道。     

The long-distance migration of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Delphacidae) in China: radar observations of mass return flight in the autumn

Abstract.

• 1 A case study is presented of the autumn migration of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), in the area of Nanjing in the People's Republic of China. The study was made using a high frequency (8 mm wavelength) radar and a net suspended from a kytoon.
• 2 The observations confirmed that long-distance return migrations occur in China in mid and late September, with N.lugens being carried on the prevailing north-easterly wind towards the autumn infestation and overwintering areas of the species.
• 3 After mass take-off in the late afternoon or at dusk, the migrants flew for several hours during the evening, often in a dense layer which formed at heights between about 400 and 1000m above ground. These layers often had well-defined ceilings corresponding to an air temperature of about 16°C. The migration height was above the top of the surface temperature inversion, i.e. the migrants did not fly at the height of the warmest air.
• 4 The dense layer concentrations overflying the radar were backtracked to source areas up to 240 km away in the north-east of Jiangsu Province. Planthoppers observed emigrating from the Nanjing area would reach areas in south Anhui Province or north Jiangxi Province if they flew for 12 h.
• 5 There was a second period of mass take-off at dawn. Insect layers sometimes formed but did not last longer than 1–2h.
• 6 The present results were strikingly different from those previously observed in the dry season in the Philippines, where migratory flight durations were largely confined to periods of about 30min at dusk and dawn.
• 7 Our observations are discussed in relation to the equator-wards return migrations undertaken in autumn by other insect species, and the importance of these migrations for the maintenance of long-flying genotypes in the overwintering populations is considered.