不同干预时机下复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合四联疗法在根除幽门螺杆菌失败补救治疗中的应用

目的探讨不同干预时机下复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合四联疗法在首次根除幽门螺杆菌(H. pylori)失败患者补救治疗中的作用。方法选择西安市第一医院消化内科90例经标准四联疗法根除H. pylori失败的患者为研究对象,随机分为研究组A(A组)、研究组B(B组)与对照组(C组),各30例。A组患者使用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合补救四联疗法治疗。B组患者在补救四联疗法结束后序贯使用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片2周。C组患者单独采用补救四联疗法治疗。比较3组患者临床症状、不良反应发生率及H. pylori根除率。结果A组、B组、C组患者总有效率分别为93.33%(28/30),90.00%(27/30),66.67%(20/30),差异有统计学意义(χ²=9.120,P=0.010)。A组、B组、C组患者总不良反应发生率分别为13.33%(4/30)、16.67%(5/30)、66.67%(20/30),差异有统计学意义(χ²=24.522,P<0.001)。A组、B组、C组患者H. pylori根除率分别为60.00%(18/30)、63.33%(19/30)、33.33%(10/30),差异有统计学意义(χ² =6.502,P=0.039)。A组与B组患者H. pylori根除率相比差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.071,P=0.791)。结论复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合四联疗法可提高首次四联疗法根除H. pylori失败患者H. pylori根除率,改善患者临床症状,降低总体不良反应发生率,但不同干预时机下复方嗜酸乳杆菌片对H. pylori根除率无明显影响。     

迁飞昆虫生物学参数反演及种类辨识分析

虫害严重威胁着我国的粮食安全,迁飞昆虫中有许多是农业害虫,其远距离迁飞是导致虫害异地暴发的重要原因.昆虫雷达是观测昆虫迁飞最有效的工具,在迁飞昆虫的监测和预警中发挥着越来越重要的作用,但传统昆虫雷达不能准确获取昆虫的各项生物学参数,因此无法实现昆虫种类的精确识别.随着雷达技术的创新和发展,通过昆虫雷达获得较为准确的昆虫生物学参数成为可能,为基于昆虫雷达实现迁飞昆虫个体种类辨识提供了依据.本文综述了从雷达回波中提取多频和极化散射参量,然后基于不同的电磁散射反演昆虫生物学参数的方法,并对比分析了基于不同方法的昆虫体重、体长、体宽和振翅频率的反演精度.最后基于生物学参数,采用5种机器学习算法以高精度实现了 23种迁飞昆虫的种类辨识,并分析了昆虫生物学参数的测量误差对迁飞昆虫种类辨识精度的影响,初步验证了利用雷达实现高精度迁飞昆虫种类辨识的可行性.     

Effects of dietary live yeast Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on the immune and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus infection in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

A feeding experiment was conducted to determine effects of Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on immune response and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus infection in juvenile sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus. Sea cucumbers were fed with either diets containing C21 at 10⁴, 10⁵ and 10⁶ CFU g^?1 feed or a control diet for 30–50 days, respectively. After feeding for 30 days and 45 days, five sea cucumbers from each tank were sampled for immunological analyses. Results indicated that C21 significantly improved the phagocytic activity in coelomocytes of sea cucumbers (P < 0.05). Moreover, C21 administration significantly enhanced lysozyme (LSZ), phenoloxidase activity (PO), total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in coelomic fluid, and LSZ, T-NOS, AKP and ACP activities in coelomocytes lysate supernatant (CLS) of sea cucumbers (P < 0.05). After feeding for 45 days, 10 sea cucumbers from each dose group were challenged with V. splendidus NB13. Cumulative incidence and mortality of sea cucumbers fed with C21 were found to be lower than those of control group. After feeding for 50 days, sea cucumbers in 10⁴ CFU g^?1 C21 treatment and control tanks were subjected to acute salinity changes (from 30 to 20) for 24 h in the laboratory, and the immunological parameters were measured to evaluate the immune capacities of the A. japonicus. Phagocytic, LAZ and T-NOS activities of C21-treated group were higher than those of control group, indicating that salinity stress tolerance of sea cucumber was enhanced by C21. The present results showed that a diet supplemented with C21 could stimulate the immune system of juvenile A. japonicus thus enhancing their resistance against V. splendidus.     

植物转录因子最新研究方法

转录因子可以调控众多下游基因的表达,在植物的生长发育、代谢及对外界环境的反应中起着重要作用。我们结合近年来植物转录因子的研究进展,归纳分析了高等植物转录因子研究的主要策略和最新的技术方法,并从生物信息学分析、瞬间转化技术的应用、突变体表型分析及调控网络等几个方面进行了全面阐述,为植物转录因子的预测、功能鉴定及靶基因分析等相关研究提供理论和方法的参考。     

Improving the acidic stability of a β-mannanase from Bacillus subtilis by site-directed mutagenesis

β-Mannanase can randomly hydrolyze the (1→4)-β-d-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans and glucomannans, yielding manno-oligosaccharides. In this study, the β-mannanase (MAN) from Bacillus subtilis B10-02 was overexpressed successfully in B. subtilis 168 as a hexa-histidine tagged, secreted protein. The recombinant enzyme BsMAN6H was not stable under acidic conditions, which restricts its use in food and feed industry. We aimed to improve the acid stability of BsMAN6H by changing several surface-exposed amino acid residues to acidic or neutral ones. Among the mutations, the His54Asp resulted in a shift in the optimal pH from 6.5 to 5.5. Accordingly, the acid stability was improved by a factor of a negative potential on the structure surface around the mutated site. Furthermore, the H54D variant showed the enzyme activity up to 3207.82 U/mL in bioreactors using the cheap Kojac powder as substrate. As a result, a bacterial β-mannanase was produced efficiently with increased acid stability, improving its applicability in the animal feed industry.     

N+ ion beam implantation of tannase-producing Aspergillus niger and optimization of its process parameters under submerged fermentation

Low-energy ion implantation as a novel mutagen has been increasingly applied in the microbial mutagenesis for its higher mutation frequency and wider mutation spectra. In this work, N⁺ ion beam implantation was used to enhance Aspergillus niger TA9701 in tannase yield. The optimization of process parameters under submerged fermentation was carried out to further improve the tannase yield of the mutant, Aspergillus niger J-T18. The results indicate that an excellent mutant J-T18 with a yield of 38.5 IU/mL, that is five times that of the original strain, was achieved by nine successive implantations under the conditions of 10 keV and 30–40 (×2.6?×?10¹³) ions/cm². This optimization further increased the yield of the mutant by 42 %, i.e. 53.6 U/mL which occurred in the mutant cultivated in the optimal fermentation culture medium composed of: rice flour 5 %; ammonium sulfate 1 %; tannic acid 2 %; calcium carbonate 0.5 %; manganese sulfate 0.1 %; and dipotassium phosphate 0.3 %; incubated at 30°C and 180 rpm for 72 h.     

Immobilization of Rhizopus oryzae in a modified polyvinyl alcohol gel for L(+)-lactic acid production

The production of L(+)-lactic acid (LA) by Rhizopus oryzae immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was investigated. To decrease diffusional resistance, we modified the PVA gel through the addition of sodium alginate and phosphate esterification. The production of L(+)-LA improved notably in the immobilized Rhizopus oryzae. Maximum L(+)-LA production (106.27 g/L), with a yield of 73.1 % and rate of 2.95 g/L·h, was obtained at a temperature of 38 °C, 6 % PVA, and 0.8 % sodium alginate. The immobilized R. oryzae was stable in 14 serial-batch cultures using non-growth medium. The immobilized beads also displayed good tolerance to low temperature and long-term storage at 4 °C with the preservation of biochemical properties.     

黑曲霉固态发酵生产单宁酶的条件优化

研究采用响应面法优化黑曲霉固态发酵生产单宁酶的培养条件。应用Plackett—Burman试验筛选出重要影响因子：五倍子粉含量、（NH4）2SO4浓度以及接种孢子量,最陡爬坡试验逼近最大响应区域。应用Box．Behnken响应面试验对重要影响因子进一步优化。得到最佳培养条件：每250mL三角瓶中装入1．0g五倍子粉、4．4g稻壳和0．5g麸皮、液固比（mL／g）2：1且营养盐溶液组成为（NH4）2s0421g/L、MgSO4·7H2O1g／L、NaCl1g／L,培养基pH自然,接种5．7×10^7个孢子后在30℃温度下培养4d。在此条件下,单宁酶产量从40U／g提高到114U／g,3次重复验证性试验平均值为115U／g,验证了模型的可靠性。     

Detection of Salmonella spp. Using a Generic and Differential FRET-PCR

To facilitate the detection of Salmonella and to be able to rapidly and conveniently determine the species/subspecies present, we developed and tested a generic and differential FRET-PCR targeting their tetrathionate reductase response regulator gene. The differential pan-Salmonella FRET-PCR we developed successfully detected seven plasmids that contained partial sequences of S. bongori and the six S. enterica subspecies. The detection limit varied from ∼5 copies of target gene/per PCR reaction for S. enterica enterica to ∼200 for S. bongori. Melting curve analysis demonstrated a T _m of ∼68°C for S. enterica enterica, ∼62.5°C for S. enterica houtenae and S. enterica diarizonae, ∼57°C for S. enterica indica, and ∼54°C for S. bongori, S. enterica salamae and S. enterica arizonae. The differential pan-Salmonella FRET-PCR also detected and determined the subspecies of 4 reference strains and 47 Salmonella isolated from clinically ill birds or pigs. Finally, we found it could directly detect and differentiate Salmonella in feline (5/50 positive; 10%; one S. enterica salamae and 4 S. enterica enterica) and canine feces (15/114 positive; 13.2%; all S. enterica enterica). The differential pan-Salmonella FRET-PCR failed to react with 96 non-Salmonella bacterial strains. Our experiments show the differential pan-Salmonella FRET-PCR we developed is a rapid, sensitive and specific method to detect and differentiate Salmonella.     

Novel Role of HAX-1 in Neurons Protection After Spinal Cord Injury Involvement of IRE-1

Neurochemical Research - Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the diseases with high probability of causing disability in human beings, and there is no reliable treatment at present. Neuronal...