暗纹东方鲀耐寒相关基因CIRBP、HMGB1和AFP-Ⅳ的分子特征和对低温胁迫的响应

为了探索暗纹东方鲀(Takifugu obscurus)对低温环境的响应机制,克隆了暗纹东方鲀耐寒相关基因CIRBP、HMGB1和AFP-Ⅳ的cDNA序列,并进行了基因的分子特征和功能分析。组织分布检测显示CIRBP和HMGB1在下丘脑、肝脏和肌肉中具有高表达,而AFP-Ⅳ则主要在肝脏中表达。在受到低温胁迫后, 3种基因在肝脏和下丘脑中的表达呈现不同的变化趋势,其中CIRBP基因在肝脏中于48h表达量显著增加,在下丘脑中于12h和48h有上调表达; HMGB1基因在肝脏中呈现逐渐上升的趋势,于48h达到最大值,而在下丘脑中呈现先上升后下降的趋势,处理后2h达到最大, 2—8h下降,于8h下降至最低,随后恢复至初始水平;肝脏中的AFP-Ⅳ在0—24h无显著变化,在48h上升至最大值。进一步通过大肠杆菌原核表达系统研究了AFP-Ⅳ的抗冻功能,发现AFP-Ⅳ融合蛋白在–80℃下具有抗冻活性,并且抗冻活性随着浓度的增加而提高。研究结果表明3种基因都参与了暗纹东方鲀对低温胁迫的应答过程,为深入探索暗纹东方鲀的耐低温机制奠定了基础。     

蜜蜂脑乙酰胆碱免疫反应阳性神经元的分布

通过免疫组织化学方法-PAP法,使用乙酰胆碱(ACh)抗体,研究了中华蜂(Apis sinensis)和意大利蜂(Apis mellifera L)脑中具有乙酰胆碱免疫阳性反应的神经元胞体的形态、分布及神经元类型.并和已知的在其他昆虫脑中用ACh的合成酶ChAT和其水解酶AChE的抗体免疫组化法所获得的结果进行了比较.     

巨噬细胞激活及钙作用的初步研究

经TG诱发的小鼠腹腔渗出液的巨噬细胞及人的巨噬细胞样细胞株U937受PAF(100ng ml).Zymosan A(0.25mg ml).Can A(50μg ml)LPS(1μg ml)等作用后.能引起胞内游离Ca~(2-)浓度的增加,巨噬细胞内酸性磷酸酶增多,细胞骨架更为舒展、丰满.胞内游离Ca~(2-)的增加是由于胞内钙库的释放与胞外钙的内流.上述困子作用后,可使巨噬细胞产生呼吸爆发.其中.Zymosan A的作用尤为强烈.同时还出现胞膜流动性的降低、当胞外环境中有Ca~(2-)时.可增强巨噬细胞的呼吸爆发.以上提示:在巨噬细胞的激活中Ca~(2-)具有重要的作用.     

Current status and prospects of basic research and clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and clinically devastating disease that causes respiratory failure. Morbidity and mortality of patients in intensive care units are stubbornly high, and various complications severely affect the quality of life of survivors. The pathophysiology of ARDS includes increased alveolar–capillary membrane permeability, an influx of protein-rich pulmonary edema fluid, and surfactant dysfunction leading to severe hypoxemia. At present, the main treatment for ARDS is mechanical treatment combined with diuretics to reduce pulmonary edema, which primarily improves symptoms, but the prognosis of patients with ARDS is still very poor. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are stromal cells that possess the capacity to self-renew and also exhibit multilineage differentiation. MSCs can be isolated from a variety of tissues, such as the umbilical cord, endometrial polyps, menstrual blood, bone marrow, and adipose tissues. Studies have confirmed the critical healing and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Recently, the potential of stem cells in treating ARDS has been explored via basic research and clinical trials. The efficacy of MSCs has been shown in a variety of in vivo models of ARDS, reducing bacterial pneumonia and ischemia-reperfusion injury while promoting the repair of ventilator-induced lung injury. This article reviews the current basic research findings and clinical applications of MSCs in the treatment of ARDS in order to emphasize the clinical prospects of MSCs.     

Butanol Extract of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms Alleviates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

This study investigated the effect of butanol extract of AS (ASBUE) on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE^−/−) mice. The mice were administered ASBUE (390 or 130 mg/kg/day) or rosuvastatin (RSV) via oral gavage for eight weeks. In ApoE^−/− mice, ASBUE suppressed the abnormal body weight gain and improved serum and liver biochemical indicators. ASBUE remarkably reduced the aortic plaque area, improved liver pathological conditions, and lipid metabolism abnormalities, and altered the intestinal microbiota structure in ApoE^−/− mice. In the vascular tissue of ASBUE-treated mice, P-IKKβ, P-NFκB, and P-IκBα levels tended to decrease, while IκB-α increased in high fat-diet-fed atherosclerotic mice. These findings demonstrated the anti-atherosclerotic potential of ASBUE, which is mediated by the interaction between the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism and regulated via the Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. This work paves the groundwork for subsequent studies to develop innovative drugs to treat atherosclerosis.     

柞树体内营养元素的垂直分布

本文对柞树的皮、干、根及树冠各层的营养元素,按照不同的高度和层次进行了分析,阐明了这些营养元素在柞树各器官中的垂直分布规律,同时提出了有些营养元素在树皮、树干中的分布存在一个“过渡区”,为进一步研究柞树林的养分动态机理提供了依据。     

诱发小麦成熟胚愈伤组织及其再生植株抗盐性变异的研究

本研究以普通小麦成熟胚为起始材料,以平阳霉素(PYM)和正定霉素(ZDM)为诱变剂。发现不同基因型对药物的敏感性不同,其中对药物敏感的在含盐筛选培养基上的存活率高。在诱导培养基内添加一定量的诱变剂可以产生耐盐变异。这种抗性愈伤组织转入与筛选培养基含盐量相同的分化培养基,比较容易产生耐盐再生植株。其M_1、M_2代较亲本系表现株高降低,穗长变短、籽粒饱满度也差;M_1代的结实率仅有5.5%,M_2代恢复到40.9%。利用M_1代和亲本系实生苗叶片,进行脯氨酸含量测定。发现耐盐变异株在无盐的Hoagland溶液中,游离脯氨酸的含量超过亲本系,对盐胁迫不敏感,其耐受力强于对照,具有一定的抗盐稳定性。     

Quantitative Detection of 15 Serum Bile Acid Metabolic Products by LC/MS/MS in the Diagnosis of Primary Biliary Cholangitis

To determine 15 bile acid metabolic products in human serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and value their diagnostic outcome in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Serum from 20 healthy controls and 26 patients with PBC were collected and went LC/MS/MS analysis of 15 bile acid metabolic products. The test results were analyzed by bile acid metabolomics, and the potential biomarkers were screened and their diagnostic performance was judged by statistical methods such as principal component and partial least squares discriminant analysis and area under curve (AUC). 8 differential metabolites can be screened out: Deoxycholic acid (DCA), Glycine deoxycholic acid (GDCA), Lithocholic acid (LCA), Glycine ursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), Taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), Glycine chenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA). The performance of the biomarkers was evaluated by the AUC, specificity and sensitivity. In conclusion, DCA, GDCA, LCA, GUDCA, TLCA, TUDCA, TDCA and GCDCA were identified as eight potential biomarkers to distinguish between healthy people and PBC patients by multivariate statistical analysis, which provided reliable experimental basis for clinical practice.     

Oxide-Based Solid-State Batteries: A Perspective on Composite Cathode Architecture

The garnet-type phase Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) attracts significant attention as an oxide solid electrolyte to enable safe and robust solid-state batteries (SSBs) with potentially high energy density. However, while significant progress has been made in demonstrating compatibility with Li metal, integrating LLZO into composite cathodes remains a challenge. The current perspective focuses on the critical issues that need to be addressed to achieve the ultimate goal of an all-solid-state LLZO-based battery that delivers safety, durability, and pack-level performance characteristics that are unobtainable with state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. This perspective complements existing reviews of solid/solid interfaces with more emphasis on understanding numerous homo- and heteroionic interfaces in a pure oxide-based SSB and the various phenomena that accompany the evolution of the chemical, electrochemical, structural, morphological, and mechanical properties of those interfaces during processing and operation. Finally, the insights gained from a comprehensive literature survey of LLZO–cathode interfaces are used to guide efforts for the development of LLZO-based SSBs.