苏铁蕨的化学成分

从蕨类植物苏铁蕨( Brainea insignis) 中分离得到1 个新的苯乙烯基吡喃酮苷, 利用波谱技术鉴定了其结构。此外, 还得到了1 个已知的苯乙烯基吡喃酮苷和4 个其它已知化合物。同时, 还测定了分离得到的两个苯乙烯基吡喃酮苷化合物的DPPH 自由基清除活性。     

Salt bridges in the hyperthermophilic protein Ssh10b are resilient to temperature increases

A double mutant cycle (DMC) approach was employed to estimate the effect of temperature on the contribution of two highly conserved salt bridges to protein stability in the hyperthermophilic protein Ssh10b. The coupling free energy were 2.4 +/- 0.4 kJ/mol at 298 K and 2.2 +/- 0.4 kJ/mol at 353 K for Glu-54/Arg-57, and 6.0 +/- 0.2 kJ/mol at 298 K and 5.9 +/- 0.6 kJ/mol at 353 K for Glu-36/Lys-68. The stability free energy of Ssh10b decrease greatly with increasing temperature, while the direct contribution of these two salt bridges to protein stability remain almost constant, providing evidence supporting the theoretical prediction that salt bridges are extremely resilient to temperature increases and thus are specially suited to improving protein stability at high temperatures. The reason for the difference in coupling free energy between salt bridges Glu-54/Arg-57 and Glu-36/Lys-68 is discussed. Comparing our results with published DMC data for the contribution of salt bridges to stability in other proteins, we found that the energy contribution of a salt bridge formed by two charged residues far apart in the primary sequence is higher than that of those formed between two very close ones. Implications of this finding are useful for engineering proteins with enhanced thermostability.     

微囊藻毒素对尼罗罗非鱼原代肝细胞致毒机理的探讨

采用离体细胞培养诱导方法,研究微囊藻毒素-LR(microcystin-LR,MC-LR)对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)原代肝细胞的毒性效应.尼罗罗非鱼原代肝细胞经10、50、150、500 μg/L MC-LR体外诱导24h后,单细胞微量凝胶电泳(SCGE)检测显示,与对照组相比处理组出现明显的彗星拖尾现象,说明MC-LR可引起尼罗罗非鱼肝细胞DNA的损伤,并随着剂量的增加,DNA的损伤程度增大.PI/Annexin V双染色流式细胞仪(FCM)检测表明MC-LR能明显引起肝细胞凋亡,与SCGE结果一致,且DNA损伤程度越大,细胞早期凋亡率越高,呈现明显的时间、剂量依赖性.本研究为进一步从分子、细胞水平阐明MC-LR的毒性以及致毒机理提供重要的理论依据.     

一例疑似黏膜病死亡麋鹿消化及主要免疫器官病理组织学观察

应用常规石蜡切片,H.E染色,对临床初步诊断为黏膜病的一例死亡麋鹿(Elaphodus davidianus)的消化系统及脾、淋巴结进行病理组织学观察。结果表明,消化道的病变主要在黏膜层,黏膜上皮细胞脱落、坏死,固有层内毛细血管充血,炎性细胞浸润;脾主要表现为急性败血型,红髓充血、出血严重,白髓几乎完全消失;淋巴结坏死严重,组织结构被破坏,界限不明显,仅见淋巴细胞弥漫性分布于整个淋巴结内。病理组织学观察为临床诊断提供了形态学依据。     

中国红豆杉内生细菌的分离鉴定及活性研究

从中国红豆杉的茎中分离得到两株内生细菌G18、F19,通过生物学特性和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定这两株菌分别为假单胞菌属(Psudomonas)和寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)细菌.活性研究表明,G18、F19发酵液均对3种病原细菌有抑制作用,分剐对棉花黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)和柑橘炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)有较强的抑制作用.G18和F19分别能降解水杨酸和敌敌畏.     

长学制医学微生物学实验教学体系构建

针对目前医学微生物学实验教学中的突出问题,从实验内容和实验教学手段等方面入手,探索建立一整套适用于七年制及长学制学生的实验课程教学体系,体现创新教育教学的理念.     

两株棉花立枯病拮抗菌MH1和MH25的筛选与鉴定

从棉花根际分离了1277个细菌分离物,以棉花立枯病病原真菌立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn)为靶标菌,通过平板对峙法获得25个具有拮抗性能的分离物,其中MH1和MH25具有较强的拮抗性能,且拮抗性能稳定,具有较好的生防潜力.经过形态观察、生理生化特征分析及16S rDNA序列分析,MH1为短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus brevis),MH25为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis).MH1和MH25的16S rDNA序列在GenBank中注册号分别为:EF488102,EF488103.     

一种特殊的长寿细胞:毛竹茎秆纤维细胞

利用显微和细胞化学方法,对毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)茎秆纤维次生壁形成过程中超微结构变化以及ATP酶、Ca2 -ATPase和酸性磷酸酶的超微细胞化学定位进行了研究.研究发现,次生壁形成早期,细胞核具有双层核膜,染色质凝聚,可见大量的线粒体、粗面内质网和高尔基体等细胞器存在于纤维细胞中;随后,双层核膜消失,细胞器将逐渐解体,多泡体开始出现在纤维细胞的细胞质;随着年龄的增加,纤维细胞壁逐渐增厚,并出现多层结构现象,而运输小泡、细胞膜、胞间连丝和凝聚的染色质将持续存在.在次生壁形成的整个过程中,ATP酶、Ca2 -ATPase和酸性磷酸酶在运输小泡、细胞膜、质膜内陷、胞间连丝和凝聚的染色质中将持续存在.结果表明,毛竹茎秆纤维细胞是一种不同于木本双子叶植物的长寿细胞,纤维原生质体中ATP酶和酸性磷酸酶的持续存在与次生壁的持续增厚密切相关.     

Copulation in C. elegans males requires a nuclear hormone receptor

In Caenorhabditis elegans, uncoordinated (unc)-55 encodes a nuclear hormone receptor that is necessary for coordinated movement and male mating. An unc-55 reporter gene revealed a sexually dimorphic pattern: early in post-embryonic motor neurons in both sexes; and later in a subset of male-specific cells that included an interneuron and eight muscle cells. A behavioral analysis coupled with RNA interference (RNAi) revealed that males require UNC-55 to execute copulatory motor programs. Two mRNA isoforms (unc-55a and unc-55b) were detected throughout post-embryonic development in males, whereas only one, unc-55a, was detected in hermaphrodites. In unc-55 mutant males isoform a rescued the locomotion and mating defect, whereas isoform b rescued the mating defect only. Isoform b represents the first report of male-specific splicing in C. elegans. In addition, isoform b extended the number of days that transgenic unc-55 mutant males mated when compared to males rescued with isoform a, suggesting an anabolic role for the nuclear hormone receptor. The male-specific expression and splicing is part of a regulatory hierarchy that includes two key genes, male abnormal (mab)-5 and mab-9, required for the generation and differentiation of male-specific cells. We suggest that UNC-55 acts as an interface between genes involved in male tail pattern formation and those responsible for function.