汉、回、蒙古族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

作者于1996年在内蒙古调查了汉、回、蒙古族5项人类遗传学经典指标(拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂、惯用手)。研究结果显示:(1)3个民族间拇指类型、扣手出现率存在显著性差异,交叉臂、惯用手出现率则无显著性差异,环食指长出现率蒙-汉、蒙-回间存在显著性差异;(2)拇指类型、扣手、惯用手出现率无性别间差异,环食指长出现率男女间存在显著性差异;(3)惯用手与扣手、惯用手与交叉臂间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间则无关;(4)与国外人群比较,3个民族环指长出现率高,交叉臂R型出现率较高,扣手R型出现率较低,惯用手L型出现率高于印度的一些群体。 Abstract:Authors in vestigated 5 general indexes of anthrotogical genetics including pollical type,palmar digital formula,hand clasping,arm folding and handedness in Han,Hui and Mongol nationalities in 1996.The results showed as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the frequency of pollical type and hand clasping in 3 nationalities,but those of arm folding and handedness showed nosignificant difference and the frequencies of palmar digital formula between the Mongol and the Hui revealed significant difference.(2)There were no significant sexual difference in the frequency of pollical type,hand clasping and handedness while the long type (R) of ring finger revealed significant sexual difference.(3)There were obvious correlations between handedness and hand clasping,handedness and arm folding but no relation between arm folding and hand clasping.(4)In comparison with foreign ethnic groups,the 3 nationalities showed higher frequencies of long type (R) of ring finger and right-arm folding but the frequence right-hand clasping revealed slightly lower.The findings showed higher frequence of Left-Handedness than that of Indian population.     

哺乳动物的核移植

哺乳动物的核移植陆长富卢光（湖南医科大学人类生殖工程研究室,长沙４１００７８）ＮｕｃｌｅａｒＴｒａｎｓｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎＭａｍｍａｌｉａｎＬＵＣｈａｎｇｆｕＬＵＧｕａｎｇｘｉｕ（ＨｕｍａｎＲｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅＥｎｇｉｎｅｒｉｎｇＬａｂｏｒ...     

盐酸戊乙奎醚治疗有机磷中毒重度中间综合症临床研究

目的:探讨分析盐酸戊乙奎醚在急性有机磷中毒重度中间综合症治疗中的效果。方法:选取急性有机磷中毒并发重度中间综合症患者34例,依治疗方案分为对照组和观察组,各17例。2组患者基础治疗相同,对照组给予氯解磷定+阿托品+机械通气治疗;观察组采用氯解磷定+盐酸戊乙奎醚+机械通气治疗。观察比较2组患者肌无力症状消失时间、机械通气时间以及住院时间。结果:观察组患者肌无力症状消失时间、机械通气时间以及住院时间均明显低于对照组,经比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:盐酸戊乙奎醚可快速有效缓解急性有机磷中毒重度中间综合症患者的临床症状,显著缩短病程。     

青稞HbSnRK2.4的克隆及其序列特征与表达特性分析

干旱胁迫是制约农作物生产的重要限制因素之一,研究并增强作物的抗旱性具有重要意义。Sn RK2(Sucrose nonfermenting 1-related protein kinase 2)基因编码一类蔗糖非酵解型蛋白激酶,该酶在ABA信号转录途径和抗渗透胁迫中起着重要作用。以青稞(Hordeum vulgare subsp.vulgare)抗旱品种喜马拉雅10号为材料,利用RT-PCR技术克隆获得了Sn RK2基因全长c DNA序列,命名为Hb Sn RK2.4(登录号:KJ699389)。生物信息学分析表明,该基因全长1 310 bp,编码362个氨基酸序列,蛋白分子量为41.94 k D,等电点(p I)为5.96。Prosite Scan分析结果表明,Hb Sn RK2.4含有多个干旱胁迫响应蛋白的作用位点,如酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点、酪氨酸激酶磷酸化位点、蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点及N-豆蔻酰化位点等。利用实时定量PCR方法研究了Hb Sn RK2.4在干旱胁迫条件下及复水后不同时间点的表达情况,发现Hb Sn RK2.4在土壤绝对含水量为33.4%时表达量最高,随着土壤绝对含水量的下降而下调表达;当达到作物正常生长所需的土壤绝对含水量时又开始上调表达;进行干旱胁迫后(15.5%)基因表达量下降;复水后8 h时恢复正常表达水平。     

川金丝猴粪样内3种类固醇激素保存时效分析

川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellanae)是中国特有的灵长类物种,生存于海拔1 400～3 300 m的山地森林地带。采用拾取新鲜粪便的非损伤性途径研究该物种野生种群生理状态,必须首先确定其新鲜粪便在特定保存方法下的保存时效。本项研究探讨在川金丝猴自然分布区夏季可获得的低温(4±1)℃、在95%乙醇中保存条件下,该物种新鲜粪便内3种类固醇激素(睾酮、雌二醇、孕酮)在8个设定天数:0(标准对照)、5、6、7、8、10、20、30 d的保存时效。结果表明,雌性川金丝猴粪样内睾酮和雌二醇在30 d内可稳定保存,孕酮含量在保存10 d时的平均值显著性低于标准参照值(P0.05);雄性川金丝猴粪样中睾酮含量在保存6 d时的平均值显著低于标准参照值(P0.05)。本研究说明,在野生川金丝猴新鲜粪便保存条件一致的情况下,该物种新鲜粪样内睾酮、孕酮、雌二醇3种激素保存时效并不一致,实际运用时需要结合研究目的区别对待。     

Phenotypic and genotypic traits of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from beef cattle from Paraná State, southern Brazil

AIMS: To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in cattle from Paraná State, southern Brazil. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and seven faeces cattle samples were cultured on Sorbitol-MacConkey agar. Escherichia coli colonies were tested for production of Shiga toxin using Vero-cell assay. A high prevalence (57%) of STEC was found. Sixty-four STEC were serotyped and examined for the presence of stx(1), stx(2), eae, ehxA and saa genes and stx(2) variants. The isolates belonged to 31 different serotypes, of which three (O152:H8, O175:H21 and O176:H18) had not previously been associated with STEC. A high prevalence of stx(2)-type genes was found (62 strains, 97%). Variant forms found were stx(2), stx(2c), stx(2vhb), stx(2vO111v/OX393) and a form nonclassifiable by PCR-RFLP. The commonest genotypes were stx(2)ehxA saa and stx(1)stx(2)ehxA saa. CONCLUSIONS: A high frequency of STEC was observed. Several strains belong to serotypes previously associated with human disease and carry stx(2) and other virulence factors, thus potentially representing a risk to human health. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is the first study of STEC in Paraná State, and its findings emphasize the need for proper cattle handling to prevent human contamination.     

三子丸化学成分和药理作用的研究进展

三子丸是由三种果实类中药,即五味子、蛇床子和菟丝子。组成的中药复方,临床上主要用于治疗虚证,多用于男性患者的肾气虚证。本文综述了三子丸复方中三味中药的化学成分,分析方法及其生物活性的研究进展,为三子丸的进一步开发利用提供了有力依据。     

Differences in Variation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Sequences from Henan and Shanghai Regions of China

Illegally paid blood donation was a risk factor for HIV acquisition exclusively in Henan and Hubei Provinces of China,and not in Shanghai.Nucleotide sequences in the gag and env genes of HIV-1 were compared between isolates from Henan and Shanghai regions of China to test whether an expected higher degree of a common source of infections from this unique blood donation transmission risk would be evident as decreased variation among Henan isolates in an exploratory cross-sectional analysis.Among 38 isolates studied,23 of 23(100%)from Henan and 8 of 15(54%)from Shanghai were subtype B.In addition,fewer sequence differences were found in gp41 of subtype B isolates from Henan than from Shanghai isolates.Further studies with additional controls are therefore warranted to confirm the role of the degree of a common source of infections in differences in HIV variation across populations.     

Antiviral Effect of Interferon-Induced Guanylate Binding Protein-1 against Coxsackie Virus and Hepatitis B Virus B3 in Vitro

Guanylate binding protein-1(GBP-1)is an interferon-induced protein.To observe its antiviral effect against Hepatitis B virus(HBV)and Coxsackie virus B3(CVB3),we constructed an eukaryotic expression vector of human GBP-1(hGBP-1).Full-length encoding sequence of hGBP-1 was amplified by long chain RT-PCR and inserted into a pCR2.1 vector,then subcloned into a pCDNA3.1(-)vector.Recombinant hGBP-1 plasmids and pHBV1.3 carrying 1.3-fold genome of HBV were contransfected into HepG2 cells,and inhibition effect of hGBP-1 against HBV replication was observed.Hela cells transfected with recombinant hGBP-1 plasmids were challenged with CVB3,and viral yield in cultures were detected.The results indicated that recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid of hGBP-1 was constructed successfully and the hGBP-1 gene carried in this plasmid could be efficiently expressed in HepG2 cells and Hela cells.hGBP-1 inhibit CVB3 but not HBV replication in vitro.These results demonstrate that hGBP-1 mediates an antiviral effect against CVB3 but not HBV and perhaps plays an important role in the interferon-mediated antiviral response against CVB3.     

用超大孔树脂吸附和低乙醇浓度洗脱提纯异黄酮的研究

传统大孔吸附树脂吸附分离中草药有效成分通常需要高浓度的有机溶剂作为洗脱剂,在大规模生产中具有安全隐患和对环境的污染。本文以异黄酮为目标产物,考察了8种不同骨架、不同孔径的树脂对异黄酮的吸附分离性能,其中包括本实验室自制的孔径为1000nm的超大孔树脂。实验结果表明,与传统大孔树脂吸附层析法相比,超大孔树脂吸附层析不仅工艺简单、快速而且大幅度降低了有机溶剂的使用量。洗脱时,乙醇浓度由70％降低到20％。