药用植物刺山柑愈伤组织诱导及细胞生长代谢特征研究

本文研究了不同外植体及激素对刺山柑愈伤组织诱导的影响,不同激素配比对愈伤组织增殖培养以及悬浮细胞的生长与代谢特征。结果表明:以刺山柑叶片作为诱导愈伤组织的材料,效果较佳;愈伤组织诱导和继代的适宜培养条件是分别是MS 0.5mg/L 2,4-D 1.0mg/L6-BA和MS 1.0mg/L2,4-D 1.5mg/L6-BA。刺山柑悬浮培养细胞的生长周期为30天左右,细胞生长曲线呈"S"形,生物量增长2.8倍左右;细胞生长周期内,碳源消耗规律表现为蔗糖和可溶性总糖的浓度持续降低,而还原糖则表现为先升高后降低;过氧化物酶活测定显示酶活水平与蔗糖浓度的高低呈一定程度的正相关。     

旅游管理信息系统设计运行中存在的问题及对策

介绍了旅游管理信息系统的特点,分析了该系统在设计、运行中出现的安全性、实效性和规范性等方面的问题,并给出了相应的解决对策。     

基于表型性状的金钗石斛种质资源多样性评价*

金钗石斛是我国重要的经济作物,具有药用和观赏价值。对收集的 17个居群的野生金钗石斛植株形态、花、气孔、有效成分含量等表型性状进行统计分析和多样性评价,并进行亲缘关系的系统聚类分析。结果表明,不同居群金钗石斛在表型性状上存在明显差异,种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性;以变异系数较低的7个表型性状为参数进一步进行系统聚类分析,当欧式距离为10时,金钗石斛居群分成三组,其中海南白沙居群独立成一组,表明岛屿隔离阻碍了基因交流,对金钗石斛的生物多样性的贡献较大,因此岛屿为金钗石斛种质资源的就地保护和遗传资源有效维护提供了重要场所,为金钗石斛种质资源的保护和利用奠定了理论基础。     

湖北兴山发现霍氏缺齿鼩

2016年12月,在湖北省兴山县采集到1只食虫类标本。其体型较小(头体长75.00 mm),通体呈棕褐色,尾较长(82.00 mm),眼细小。头骨扁平,较为坚固,齿尖具有浅红棕色色斑。通过测定其线粒体Cyt b基因序列,并结合缺齿鼩属6个物种的同源区序列,构建其系统发生关系,发现该标本与基因库中霍氏缺齿鼩(Chodsigoa hoffmanni)序列聚为具较高支持度的一支。综合形态学与系统发育学证据,将该标本鉴定为霍氏缺齿鼩。此次发现是湖北省境内该物种的首次记录,也是其在我国云南省及越南分布区外的又一发现,拓展了对该物种在我国分布范围的认识。     

Determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptides presented by the type I diabetes-associated HLA-DQ8 class II molecule identifies an immunogenic peptide motif

Particular HLA class II allelic sequences are associated with susceptibility to type I diabetes. To understand the mechanism, knowledge of the molecular nature of the specific TCR/peptide/class II interactions involved in the disease process is required. To this end, we have introduced the diabetes-associated human class II HLA-DQ8 allele (DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302) as a transgene into mice and analyzed T cell responses restricted by this molecule to an important Ag in human diabetes, human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65. Hybridomas were used to determine the particular peptides from this Ag presented by HLA-DQ8 to T cells and to map the core minimal epitopes required for T cell stimulation. Analysis of these core epitopes reveals a motif and relevant features for peptides that are immunogenic to T cells when presented by HLA-DQ8. The major immunogenic epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 do not contain a negatively charged residue that binds in the P9 pocket of the HLA-DQ8 molecule. PBMC from HLA-DQ8+ diabetic and nondiabetic individuals respond to these peptides, confirming that the mouse model is a useful tool to define epitopes of autoantigens that are processed by human APC and recognized by human T cells.     

Isolation and functional analysis of a Brassica juncea gene encoding a com-ponent of auxin efflux carrier

Polar auxin transport plays a divergent role in plant growth and developmental processes including root and embryo development, vascular pattern formation and cell elongation. Recently isolated Arabidopsis pin gene family was believed to encode a component of auxin efflux carrier (G(?)lweiler et al, 1998). Based on the Arabidopsis pin1 sequence we have isolated a Brassica juncea cDNA (designated Bjpin1), which encoded a 70-kDa putative auxin efflux carrier. Deduced BjPIN1 shared 65% identities at protein level with AtPINl and was highly homologous to other putative PIN proteins of Arabidopsis (with highest homology to AtPIN3). Hydrophobic analysis showed similar structures between BjPINl and AtPIN proteins. Presence of 6 exons (varying in size between 65 bp and 1229 bp) and 5 introns (sizes between 89 bp and 463 bp) in the genomic fragment was revealed by comparing the genomic and cDNA sequences. Northern blot analysis indicated that Bjpin1 was expressed in most of the tissues tested, with a relatively h     

Butyrophilin, a milk protein, modulates the encephalitogenic T cell response to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by sensitization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a T cell-dependent autoimmune disease that reproduces the inflammatory demyelinating pathology of multiple sclerosis. We report that an encephalitogenic T cell response to MOG can be either induced or alternatively suppressed as a consequence of immunological cross-reactivity, or "molecular mimicry" with the extracellular IgV-like domain of the milk protein butyrophilin (BTN). In the Dark Agouti rat, active immunization with native BTN triggers an inflammatory response in the CNS characterized by the formation of scattered meningeal and perivascular infiltrates of T cells and macrophages. We demonstrate that this pathology is mediated by a MHC class II-restricted T cell response that cross-reacts with the MOG peptide sequence 76-87, I GEG KVA LRIQ N (identities underlined). Conversely, molecular mimicry with BTN can be exploited to suppress disease activity in MOG-induced EAE. We demonstrate that not only is EAE mediated by the adoptive transfer of MOG74-90 T cell lines markedly ameliorated by i.v. treatment with the homologous BTN peptide, BTN74-90, but that this protective effect is also seen in actively induced disease following transmucosal (intranasal) administration of the peptide. These results identify a mechanism by which the consumption of milk products may modulate the pathogenic autoimmune response to MOG.     

Sambunigrin and cyanogenic variability in populations of Sambucus canadensis L. (Caprifoliaceae)

The presence or absence of cyanogenic glycosides was determined for individuals from nine populations of Sambucus canadensis L. (elderberry) of east-central Illinois. In most of the populations tested, all or most of the individuals did not produce these compounds, in one, all were cyanogenic, whereas in another population this trait was highly variable. Addition of the enzyme emulsin to negative tests did not result in any further release of cyanide. The glycoside responsible is (S)-sambunigrin.