霜霉属菌一新种——微孔草霜霉

本文报道寄生于甘青微孔草(Microula pseudotrichocarpa W.T.Wang)和疏花微孔草[M.diffusa(Maxim.)Johnst.]上的霜霉属一新种——微孔草霜霉(Peronospora microulaeMeng et G.Y.Yin)。以汉文和拉丁文描述此新种的形态性状,并。附图     

微孔草籽油的超临界CO2流体萃取及HPLC—MS分析

利用超临界CO2萃取微孔草籽油,并对籽油进行了HPLC／MS分析。实验确定的最佳超临界CO2流体萃取条件是：萃取温度45℃,萃取压力20MPa,CO2流量为35-40kg／h,萃取时间120min,在此条件下白刺籽油的萃取率为16．12％。利用HPLC／MS对微孔草籽油分析,发现其不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量高达73．19％。比较了超临界CO2萃取微孔草籽油油样和石油醚萃取微孔草籽油油样的理化性质,发现超临界CO2流体萃取的籽油质量优于传统溶剂萃取的籽油。     

不同海拔微孔草抗氧化系统的比较研究

对生长在3个不同海拔自然生境下微孔草(Microula sikkimensis)叶中的抗氧化系统进行了比较研究.结果表明,生长在高海拔的微孔草叶中抗氧化酶类SOD、POD和CAT活性比生长在低海拔的活性高,其中大通牛场的微孔草叶中3种酶活性最高;APX的活性随海拔的升高而升高,且低海拔地区西宁的APX活性极显著低于高海拔地区大通和海北站(P<0.01);作为非酶抗氧化系统物质之一的抗坏血酸(ASA)含量随海拔的升高而降低.高海拔地区微孔草叶中可溶性糖含量极高(P<0.01);可溶性蛋白含量随海拔升高呈V字形变化.光合色素Chla、Chl b和Car的含量均随着海拔升高而增加,Chl a/b比值随海拔升高而降低.MDA的含量随海拔升高有增加的趋势,西宁和大通的相比较,MDA含量差异显著(P<0.05),说明微孔草叶细胞膜脂过氧化程度随海拔升高加剧.生长在不同海拔高度的微孔草对不同海拔高度环境变化具有相应的生理适应性和抗氧化策略.     

青藏高原一些种子植物的核型研究

本文对产于青藏高原地区的１１个属１２个种植物进行了核型分析。大部份种为首次报道。它们的核型公式和核型不对称性如下：云雾雀儿豆Ｃｈｅｓｎｅｙａ ｎｕｂｉｇｅｎａ（Ｄ．Ｄｏｎ）Ａｌｉ,为２ｎ＝１６＝１０ｍ＋６ｓｍ,属２Ｂ型;变色锦鸡儿Ｃａｒａｇａｎａ ｖｅｒｓｉｃｏｌｏｒ Ｂｅｎｔｈ．,为２ｎ＝１８＝１４ｍ＋４ｓｍ,２Ｂ型;异叶青兰Ｄｒａｃｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｍ ｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ Ｂｅｎｔｈ．,     

紫草科新分类群

描述了中国横断山区紫草科滇紫草属一新种和一新变型,附地菜属一新种和一新变种,微孔草属2新种和齿缘草属1新种。     

Isolation and Identification of Fatty Acid Component from Seed Oil of Microula sikkimensis (Clarke) Hemsl

The seed oil content of Microula sikkimensis (Clarke) Hemsl. is up to 45% There is 8.1% of γ-linolenic acid which has the pharmacological action in the fatty acids composition, It has showed that this oil has a stronger effect on reducing triglyceride in serum. Fifteen different kinds of fatty acids were analysed. The unsaturated C20, C22, C24 acid, C18 triene-acid and tetraene-acid of the seed oil were separated on AgNO3-silica gel column and HPLC. and were identified by Periodata-Permanganate Oxidation, GLC, IR, UV, and MS. They are cis-11-eicosenoic, cis-13-docosenoic, cis-15-tetracosenoic, cis-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic and cis-6,9,12,15- octadecatetraenoic acids.     

Pollen Morphology of Microula Benth. and Allied Genera (Boraginaceae)

Pollen grains of 16 species of Microula Benth. and six species of three related genera were examined under LM and SEM, and four of them also under TEM. Pollen grains of Microula and three related genera are dumb-bell-shaped, 3-colporate apertures alternate with three pseudocolpi. Pollen grains are very small,ranging from 12.18 x 7.13 μm to 6.36 x 3.66μm. In general, colpi with os are wider and shorter, rhomboid, but sometimes they are equal to pseudocolpi in length. Colpus margins are regularly or irregularly tooth-like. The surface of colpi is psilate or processed. Ora are circular or lalongated in outline, protruded or not; surface of os membrane is smooth or scabrid. The exine is usually indistinctly layered under LM. The exine surface is psilate, and more or less perforate. TEM examination shows that the pollen wall is differentiated into exine and intine: the exine includes ectexine and endexine, while the ectexine consists of tectum, columellae and foot-layer. However, there are differences in constriction of equatorial area, apertural characters, ornamentation and exinous ultrastructure between these genera. Pollen morphology indicates that the genus Microula Benth. is primitive, directly related to the genus Actinocarya Benth .; the genus Asperugo L. Is more advanced. The genus Eritrichium Schrad. which has two ora or one os and is anisopolar, represents the most advanced group among them. Noteworthily, the diorate phenomenon is found for the first time not onlyin the genus but in the family Boraginaceae.     

微孔草种子油的三萜醇和甾醇成分

微孔草Microula sikkimensis Hemsl,种子油中的不皂化物含量为0.6％。从不皂化物中分离出三萜醇和甾醇。已鉴定有4个三萜醇(β—香树脂醇、环阿屯醇、羽扇醇和24—次甲基环阿屯醉),11个甾醇(胆甾醉,△~7胆甾醇、菜油甾醇,24—甲墓△~7—胆甾醇、β—谷甾醇,22-二氢菠菜甾醇、菜子甾醇、豆甾烯醇、5,24(28)—豆甾烯醇、△~7—燕麦甾醇和7,24(28)-麦角甾醇)。     

紫草科新分类群

描述了中国横断山区紫草科滇紫草属1新种和1新变型,附地菜属1新种和1新变种,微孔草属2新种和齿缘草属1新种。