整合素β2促进人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的迁移,侵袭与粘附

本研究主要目标为探讨整合素β2 (ITGB2)的高表达对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7迁移,侵袭与粘附能力的影响。本研究首先构建了ITGB2过表达质粒,实验设阴性对照组(pcDNA-3.1+)与ITGB2基因过表达组(pcDNA-3.1+/ITGB2)。ITGB2过表达质粒转染MCF-7细胞后,采用逆转录PCR与Western blotting方法分别检测ITGB2 mRNA转录水平与蛋白翻译水平;流式细胞术检测细胞周期的改变;划痕实验检测细胞横向迁移能力;Transwell小室实验检测细胞纵向迁移能力及侵袭能力;人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)粘附实验检测癌症细胞与血管内皮细胞之间的粘附能力,Western blotting实验检测侵袭相关指标MMP9,整合素经典通路中FAK蛋白磷酸化水平的改变。研究结果表明:转染ITGB2过表达质粒后,MCF-7细胞中ITGB2的m RNA水平(p<0.01)与蛋白水平(p<0.05)均显著增高;流式细胞术实验中,实验组S期的细胞所占比例与对照组无明显差异;划痕实验与Transwell小室实验中,实验组的迁移侵袭能力显著性增强;人脐静脉血管内皮细胞粘附实验中,实验组乳腺癌细胞与血管内皮细胞的粘附能力强于对照组(p<0.05);且Western blotting结果显示MMP9和p-FAK蛋白水平明显上升。由以上结果可得出结论,过表达ITGB2后会增强人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的迁移、侵袭与粘附能力,而对其增殖能力无明显影响。     

RNAi沉默整合素连接激酶基因表达对膀胱癌细胞BIU-87增殖的影响

为了研究整合素连接激酶(integrin-linked kinase,ILK)基因沉默对膀胱癌BIU-87细胞系增殖产生的影响,应用RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)技术,合成了4条针对ILK的miRNA干扰载体pcDNATM6.2-GW/EmGFP-ILK-miR(miR-1、miR-2、miR-3、miR-4)作为实验组,另设1条为阴性对照组,分别转染膀胱癌BIU-87细胞系.经杀稻瘟菌素持续压力筛选和有限稀释法培养获得稳定转染细胞株.采用RT-PCR和Western-blot检测各组对ILK基因的抑制作用,实验组miRNA对BIU-87细胞ILK mRNA和蛋白的表达均有明显的抑制作用,以miR-3组抑制效应最强.通过流式细胞术检测发现,miR-3组细胞周期G0/G1期细胞所占比例较未转染组明显增加,而S期则明显减少(P0.05).四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测发现,转染组细胞在体外的增殖能力较对照组明显下降(P0.05).证明RNA干扰技术能有效抑制靶基因ILK的表达,进而抑制了膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87的增殖.     

沉默Bmi-1基因表达稳定细胞株的建立及其生物学特性的研究

B细胞特异性莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒插入位点1(B-cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus insertionsite 1,Bmi-1)基因是多梳基因家族成员,参与细胞增殖调控.研究发现Bmi-1基因可能参与肿瘤的形成,可能成为肿瘤潜在的治疗靶点.用RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)沉默Bmi-1基因表达观察其对乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7侵袭和转移等生物学特性的影响,以探讨Bmi-1在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用.PT67细胞包装质粒后产生的逆转录病毒感染MCF-7细胞,嘌呤霉素筛选建立稳定细胞株,稳定抑制Bmi-1的细胞株命名为MCF-7/Bmi-1si.通过RT-PCR和Western blot分别从mRNA和蛋白水平检测Bmi-1的表达量;平板克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆形成能力;Transwell侵袭小室模型检测细胞体外侵袭和转移能力.MCF-7/Bmi-1si组与MCF-7和MCF-7/GFPsi组相比,Bmi-1 mRNA和蛋白表达量明显减少,克隆形成数及形成率也明显减少(P<0.05).侵袭和转移实验表明:与MCF-7和MCF-7/GFPsi组相比,MCF-7/Bmi-1si组细胞在Transwell侵袭小室中24 h穿膜细胞数明显减少(P<0.05).结果表明沉默Bmi-1基因表达稳定细胞株构建成功,Bmi-1基因表达的沉默能显著降低MCF-7细胞的体外增殖及侵袭转移能力.     

低氧诱导因子基因沉默对胃癌细胞BGC-823微血管生成和血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

摘要 目的：探讨低氧诱导因子基因沉默对胃癌细胞BGC-823微血管生成和血管内皮生长因子表达的影响。方法：对数生长期的BGC-823细胞株分为三组-实验组、对照组与空白组,分别转染200 ng/mL shRNA-HIF-1α、200 ng/mL shRNA-NC与等体积的磷酸盐缓冲液。采用CCK法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Transwell小室实验检测细胞迁移与侵袭,Western blot检测蛋白表达,qRT-PCR检测基因表达。结果：细胞转染后24 h与48 h,实验组的HIF-1α相对表达量、细胞增殖指数、细胞迁移与侵袭指数显著低于空白组和对照组(P＜0.05),细胞凋亡指数显著高于空白组和对照组(P＜0.05)。细胞转染后48 h,与对照组和空白组相比,实验组的血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF) 蛋白相对表达水平显著降低(P＜0.05)。结论：沉默HIF-1α表达能抑制胃癌细胞BGC-823微血管生成和VEGF表达,从而抑制胃癌细胞增殖、转移与侵袭,促进细胞凋亡。     

DLC-1基因表达对结肠癌细胞侵袭转移能力的影响

目的:研究DLC-1基因对结肠癌细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响.方法:将DLC-1 shRNA(短发夹状RNA,short hairpin RNA)序列克隆到质粒pGCsi-U6/Neo载体,采用脂质体介导的转染方法将构建的DLC-1 shRNA表达质粒转入结肠癌细胞系LoVo细胞.采用RT-PCR技术和Western Blot技术分别检测LoVo细胞中DLC-1mRNA和蛋白表达水平的变化.Transwell小室人工重组基底膜侵袭转移实验观察LoVo细胞侵袭迁移能力的改变.结果:结肠癌细胞系LoVo细胞表达DLC-1分子.所构建质粒表达载体能有效地干扰LoVo细胞DLC-1 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平;Transwell小室人工重组基底膜侵袭转移实验结果显示,转染后LoVo细胞侵袭转移能力明显增强(p＜0.05).结论:结肠癌细胞系LoVo细胞表达DLC-1基因,应用RNAi技术可特异性降低其表达.DLC-1的表达水平与结肠癌细胞侵袭转移相关.     

乙酰肝素酶siRNA对人膀胱癌T24细胞株侵袭能力的影响

目的:观察乙酰肝素酶(Heparanase,HPSE)小干扰R N A(small-interfering RNA,siRNA)对人膀胱癌细胞株侵袭力的影响。方法:体外化学合成一段乙酰肝素酶特异性小干扰RNA(siRNA)序列,以阳离子脂质体介导将不同浓度的siRNA转染至膀胱癌细胞系T24细胞中,应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测转染前后T24细胞中HPSE mRNA表达,采用transwell小室侵袭试验测定肿瘤细胞的体外侵袭力。结果:转染HPSE siRNA可以显著降低T24细胞中的HPSE mRNA表达,HPA siRNA处理细胞48小时,与对照组相比,各有效浓度的HPSE siRNA可显著抑制T24细胞的体外侵袭能力(P<0.05)。结论:以siRNA阻遏乙酰肝素酶在膀胱癌细胞中表达可以成功地抑制膀胱癌细胞侵袭能力,通过应用RNA干扰技术等方法抑制乙酰肝素酶活性可能可以应用于临床治疗膀胱癌。     

乙酰肝素酶siRNA对人膀胱癌T24细胞株侵袭能力的影响

目的:观察乙酰肝素酶(Heparanase,HPSE)小干扰R N A(small-interfering RNA,siRNA)对人膀胱癌细胞株侵袭力的影响.方法:体外化学合成一段乙酰肝素酶特异性小干扰RNA(siRNA)序列,以阳离子脂质体介导将不同浓度的siRNA转染至膀胱癌细胞系T24细胞中,应用逆转录—聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测转染前后T24细胞中HPSE mRNA表达,采用transwell小室侵袭试验测定肿瘤细胞的体外侵袭力.结果:转染HPSE siRNA可以显著降低T24细胞中的HPSE mRNA表达,HPA siRNA处理细胞48小时,与对照组相比,各有效浓度的HPSE siRNA可显著抑制T24细胞的体外侵袭能力(P＜0.05).结论:以siRNA阻遏乙酰肝素酶在膀胱癌细胞中表达可以成功地抑制膀胱癌细胞侵袭能力,通过应用RNA干扰技术等方法抑制乙酰肝素酶活性可能可以应用于临床治疗膀胱癌.     

人肝内胆管癌细胞PRL-3 的表达与侵袭转移研究

目的:探讨PRL-3在人肝内胆管癌侵袭转移中的作用.方法:利用小RNA技术干扰肝内胆管癌细胞株PRL-3表达,并采用细胞划痕实验和Transwell体外侵袭实验评价PRL-3对肝内胆管癌细胞侵袭转移能力的影响.结果:RT-PCR和Western blot结果均显示转染PRL-3特异性siRNA-2组PRL-3表达明显降低(P＜0.05).PRL-3 siRNA-2组在划痕培养24h后划痕区域宽度占初始划痕区域宽度的百分比为(62.12±6.28)％,阴性对照组为(23.88±2.55)％,空白对照HCCC-9810组为(21.20±6.07)％.PRL-3siRNA-2组细胞的划痕两端距离相比明显较宽,分别与阴性对照组细胞和空白对照HCCC-9810组细胞相比均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),后两者无显著性差异(P＞0.05).Transwell体外侵袭实验结果显示,PRL-3 SiRNA-2组细胞侵袭能力明显减弱,穿膜细胞数为(19.40±2.30)个/HP,明显少于阴性对照组(64.00±2.73)个/HP和正常HCCC-9810组(67.20±3.l1)个/HP,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);正常HCCC-9810组和阴性对照组无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论:PRL-3特异性siRNA能够抑制肝内胆管癌细胞HC-CC-9810中内源性PRL-3的表达,并可以明显抑制肝内胆管癌细胞的迁移侵袭能力.     

成纤维细胞生长因子3-siRNA对肺癌细胞A549侵袭性和基质金属蛋白酶9表达的影响

目的:探讨人成纤维细胞生长因子3(Fibroblast growth factor3,FGFR3)基因沉默对人类肺腺癌A549细胞侵袭能力及其对基质金属蛋白酶9(Matrix metaloproteinases 9,MMP9)基因表达的影响。方法:细胞分为3组:A组:实验组,即FGFR3特异性小干扰RNA(Small interfering RNA,siRNA)(siRNA-FGFR3)干扰组;B组:阴性对照组,即FGFR3非特异性阴性对照siRNA(siRNA-NC)干扰组;C组:空白对照组,无siRNA干扰;通过核酸转染试剂脂质体Lipofectamine TM2000(Lipo2000)转染A549细胞;倒置荧光显微镜观察Lipo2000转染效率;转染后A549细胞的侵袭能力用Transwell实验检测;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,Real-time PCR)用于检测转染前后FGFR3及MMP9 m RNA的表达水平。结果:Lipo2000介导的FAM-siRNA对肺腺癌A549细胞的转染效率可达80%;在转染36 h后,Transwell实验结果显示A组较B组、C组侵袭能力显著降低(P0.01)。Real-time PCR结果显示,A组较B、C组的FGFR3和MMP9基因表达量明显下调(P0.01)。结论:FGFR3基因沉默可明显抑制肺腺癌A549细胞的侵袭能力,并能下调MMP9表达。为肺癌的治疗提供了新的靶点。     

Egr-1基因沉默对A549细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的:探讨Egr-1基因沉默对人肺腺癌A549细胞放射敏感性的影响。方法:选用A549细胞株作为研究对象,将其分成A、B、C三组,即空白对照组(只加入RPMI-1640培养)、阴性对照组(加入LV3-NC-sh RNA)、实验组(加入EGR1-homo-2294-sh RNA),采用慢病毒介导的sh RNA干扰技术使实验组细胞Egr-1基因沉默表达。利用荧光显微镜、自动化荧光定量细胞成像分析系统分析sh RNA转染,利用FQ-PCR分析Egr-1表达,再利用细胞克隆形成实验检测细胞放射敏感性参数的差异。结果:慢病毒介导的sh RNA成功转染阴性对照组、实验组细胞;空白对照组与阴性对照组Egr-1表达无差异(P0.05),实验组与空白对照组、阴性对照组比较Egr-1均受到明显抑制(P0.05);克隆形成实验中细胞放射敏感性参数D0、SF2实验组细胞与空白对照组、阴性对照组比较均存在明显差异(P0.05)。结论:Egr-1基因沉默使A549细胞放射敏感性降低,Egr-1表达可能与肿瘤细胞对放射的敏感性有关。     

A novel role of ribonuclease inhibitor in regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells

Human ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) is a cytoplasmic acidic protein possibly involved in biological functions other than the inhibition of RNase A and angiogenin activities. We have previously shown that RI can inhibit growth and metastasis in some cancer cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regarded as the beginning of invasion and metastasis and has been implicated in the metastasis of bladder cancer. We therefore postulate that RI regulates EMT of bladder cancer cells. We find that the over-expression of RI induces the up-regulation of E-cadherin, accompanied with the decreased expression of proteins associated with EMT, such as N-cadherin, Snail, Slug, vimentin and Twist and of matrix metalloprotein-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and Cyclin-D1, both in vitro and in vivo. The up-regulation of RI inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion, alters cell morphology and adhesion and leads to the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton in vitro. We also demonstrate that the up-regulation of RI can decrease the expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a central component of signaling cascades controlling an array of biological processes. The over-expression of RI reduces the phosphorylation of the ILK downstream signaling targets p-Akt and p-GSK3β in T24 cells. We further find that bladder cancer with a high-metastasis capability shows higher vimentin, Snail, Slug and Twist and lower E-cadherin and RI expression in human clinical specimens. Finally, we provide evidence that the up-regulation of RI inhibits tumorigenesis and metastasis of bladder cancer in vivo. Thus, RI might play a novel role in the development of bladder cancer through regulating EMT and the ILK signaling pathway.     

Downregulation of integrin-linked kinase inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in bladder cancer cells

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase in cytoplasm. Recent studies showed that cancer patients with increased ILK expression had low survival, poor prognosis and increased metastasis. Although the causes of ILK overexpression remain to be fully elucidated, accumulating evidence suggests that its oncogenic capacity derives from its regulation of several downstream targets that provide cells with signals that promote proliferation, survival and migration. However, the mechanisms underlying tumor metastasis by ILK is still not fully understood. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical event of cancer cells that triggers invasion and metastasis. We recently reported that knockdown of ILK inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells. Therefore, we postulate that ILK might involve in EMT. Here we further investigate the function of ILK with RNA interference in bladder cancer cells. Knockdown of ILK impeded an EMT with low Vimentin, Snail, Slug and Twist as well as high E-cadherin expression in vivo and vitro. In addition, we found that knockdown of ILK inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as changed cell morphology, adhesion and rearranged cytoskeleton in vitro. We also demonstrated that ILK siRNA inhibited phosphorylation of downstream signaling targets Akt and GSK3β, increased expression of nm23-H1, as well as reduced expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in vivo and vitro. Furthermore, downregulation of ILK could increase expression of Ribonuclease inhibitor (RI), an important acidic cytoplasmic protein with many functions. Finally, the effects of ILK siRNA on bladder cancer cell phenotype and invasiveness translate into suppression for tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Taken together, our findings highlight that ILK signaling pathway plays a novel role in the development of bladder cancer through regulating EMT. ILK could be a promising diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for bladder cancer.     

MiR-320a down-regulation mediates bladder carcinoma invasion by targeting ITGB3

To investigate whether the miR-320a could regulate bladder cancer cells invasion by down-regulation of ITGB3. Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to evaluate the expression level of miRNA-320a in bladder transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) and normal bladder transitional cell (NBTC) samples. The invasion ability of miR-320a in TCC T24 cells was analyzed by Transwell assay after pre-miR-320a or anti-miR-125b transfection. For the invasion mechanism analysis of miR-320a on T24 cells, TargetScan, PicTar and miRBase were used to predict the possible target gene of miR-320a. Luciferase activities assay and western blot were used to reveal the predicted target gene of miR-320a were direct and specific. RNA interference technology was used to confirm the invasion inhibition of miR-320a was directly induced by ITGB3. Our study showed that miR-320a was down-regulated in human TCC specimens compared to that in NBTC specimens. Over-expression of miR-320a in T24 cells inhibited TCC invasion and this inhibitory effect on T24 cells could be restore by miR-320a knocked down. Mechanism analysis revealed that ITGB3 was a direct and specific target of miR-320a. The advanced effect of anti-miR-320a on TCC cell invasion was mediated by expression silence of ITGB3. In summary, aberrantly expressed miR-320a contribute to T24 cells invasion partly through directly down-regulating ITGB3 protein expression in TCC and this miRNA signature offers a novel potential therapeutic strategy for TCC.     

ARPC4 promotes bladder cancer cell invasion and is associated with lymph node metastasis

The significance of actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 (ARPC4) expression in bladder cancer, and its potential role in the invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells, has yet to be determined. This study was to identify the correlation between ARPC4 and lymph node metastasis, and to determine the role of ARPC4 in the invasive migration of T24 bladder cancer cells. One hundred and ninety-eight bladder cancer tissues and 40 normal bladder and lymph node tissues were examined. Tissue microarrays were constructed and subjected to immunohistochemical stating for ARPC4. Multiple logistic analysis was used to determine risk factors associated with bladder cancer metastasis. ARPC4 expression in T24 bladder cancer cells was suppressed using small interfering RNA and changes in protein levels were determined by Western blot analysis. The proliferation of bladder cancer cells after knocking down of ARPC4 was determined by cell counting kit-8. The effects of ARPC4 knockdown on T24 cell invasion and migration was determined using transwell and wound healing assays. Immunofluorescence analysis was performed to examine changes in pseudopodia formation and actin cytoskeleton structure. The expression of ARPC4 was elevated in bladder cancer tissues than normal tissues (84.3% vs 27.5%, P < 0.001). The multivariate logistic analysis demonstrated that the level of ARPC4, as a risk factor, was correlated with lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). ARPC4 knockdown attenuated proliferation, migration, invasion, and pseudopodia formation in T24 cells. ARPC4 expression, as a risk factor, is associated with lymphatic metastasis and is upregulated in bladder cancer tissues in comparison with normal tissues. Inhibition of ARPC4 expression significantly attenuates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cell, possibly due to defects in pseudopodia formation.     

Silencing of the integrin-linked kinase gene suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1)

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is an ankyrin repeat-containing serine-threonine protein kinase that is involved in the regulation of integrin-mediated processes such as cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In this study, we examined the effect of a lentivirus-mediated knockdown of ILK on the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer (Panc-1) cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ILK expression was enhanced in pancreatic cancer tissue. The silencing of ILK in human Panc-1 cells led to cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and delayed cell proliferation, in addition to down-regulating cell migration and invasion. The latter effects were mediated by up-regulating the expression of E-cadherin, a key protein in cell adhesion. These findings indicate that ILK may be a new diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer and that silencing ILK could be a potentially useful therapeutic approach for treating pancreatic cancer.     

miR-345靶向调控 TGM1抑制膀胱癌的初步研究

目的:探讨mi R-345调控TGM1表达影响膀胱癌的分子生物学机制。方法:首先,采用RT-qPCR检测T24和RT4细胞中mi R-345、TGM1的表达;再采用mi RNA-NC、mi R-345 mimic、NC inhibitor、mi R-345 inhibitor、control si RNA、si TGM1和pc-DNA3.1/TGM1等转染膀胱癌细胞;然后,采用MTT实验检测细胞增殖,Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,双荧光报告酶检测mi R-345的靶基因;最后,采用Western blot检测TGM1在细胞中的表达。结果:mi R-345在T24和RT4细胞中表达低于正常细胞(P0.05)。mi R-345过表达时,T24和RT4细胞的增殖侵袭能力减弱,细胞凋亡率上升;mi R-345表达沉默时,细胞增殖和侵袭能力增强,细胞凋亡率下降。双荧光报告基因检测结果显示TGM1为mi R-345的靶基因,mi R-345过表达抑制TGM1的表达(P0.05);mi R-345表达沉默时则表达上调(P0.05)。当TGM1表达沉默时,T24和RT4细胞的增殖和侵袭能力减弱,细胞凋亡率上升;TGM1过表达时该细胞的增殖和侵袭能力增强,细胞凋亡率下降。结论:mi R-345通过下调靶基因TGM1的表达,抑制膀胱癌细胞的增殖、侵袭并促进细胞凋亡。     

幽门螺杆菌感染性胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染性胃癌组织中细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达及其临床意义。方法:选取2016年12月到2018年6月期间在兰州大学第一医院接受治疗的胃癌患者80例,收集其手术切除的病理组织。采用C-14呼气试验和改良Giemsa染色检测患者HP感染的情况,采用免疫组化法检测胃癌组织中cyclinD1、MMP-9表达情况。分析HP感染、cyclinD1、MMP-9表达与胃癌患者临床病理特征的关系,并分析胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达的相关性。结果:80例胃癌患者HP感染阳性56例(70.00%),阴性24例(30.00%)。有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的HP感染阳性率高于无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。80例胃癌患者cyclinD1阳性表达45例(56.25%),阴性表达35例(43.75%),MMP-9阳性表达65例(81.25%),阴性表达15例(18.75%),TNM临床分期为III+IV期、分化程度为低分化、有淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T3+T4的胃癌患者的cyclinD1、MMP-9阳性表达率明显高于TNM临床分期为I+II期、分化程度为中高分化、无淋巴结转移、浸润深度为T1+T2的胃癌患者(P0.05)。HP感染阳性患者的cyclinD1阳性表达率和MMP-9阳性表达率均明显高于HP感染阴性患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者的HP感染情况与淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,cyclinD1和MMP-9的表达与TNM临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关,且胃癌患者HP感染与cyclinD1、MMP-9表达均呈正相关。