银杏花粉微管蛋白的纯化及鉴定

采用丙酮粉抽提,ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ａ－５０、Ｓｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌ Ｓ－３００、ＭｏｎｏＱ柱层析,从银杏花粉中分离纯化出微管蛋白,其两个亚基的分子量分别为５４ｋＤ和５２ｋＤ纯化的微管蛋白可与鸡脑微管蛋白抗体发生免疫交叉反应。     

草鱼垂体生长激素分离纯化及其抗体制备的研究

应用碱性抽提,亲和层析,凝胶过滤和离子交换层析等技术从草鱼垂体中分离提纯出纯度高的草鱼生长激素（ｇｃＧＨ）用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测表明草鱼ＧＨ与大马哈鱼ＧＨ抗血清具有明显的免疫交叉反应,而与大马哈鱼催乳素（ＰＲＬ）抗血清没有交叉反应,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳表明草鱼ＧＨ为单一蛋白带,其分子量约为２２５００道尔顿,等电聚焦揭示出草鱼ＧＨ主要由等电点为４．７和５．０的两条蛋白带组成,用纯化的草     

玉米花粉32kD蛋白的纯化及性质

利用丙酮粉、硫酸铵分段盐析及离子交换层析技术,从玉米花粉细胞质中分离纯化了一种３２ｋＤ的可溶性蛋白,其ＧＴＰａｓｅ活性大于ＡＴＰａｓｅ。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ表明达银染电泳纯。等电聚焦电泳测得等电点为５．２５。免疫印迹鉴定表明该蛋白与抗牛脑动蛋白或动力蛋白的抗体无免疫交叉反应。最大紫外吸收波长为２８２ｎｍ,ＣＤ谱分析说明具有球蛋白特征。     

玉米花粉32kD蛋白的纯化及性质

利用丙酮粉,硫酸铵分段盐析及离子交换层析技术,从玉米花粉细胞质中分离纯化了一种３２ｋＤ的可溶性蛋白,其ＧＴＰａｓｅ活性大于ＡＴＰａｓｅ。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ表明达银染电泳纯。等电聚焦电泳测得等电点为５．２５。免疫印迹鉴定表明该蛋白与抗牛脑动蛋白或动力蛋白的抗体无免疫交叉反应。最大紫外吸收波长为２８２ｎｍ,ＣＤ谱分析说明具有球蛋白特征。     

草鱼生长激素单抗免疫亲和柱的制备及初步应用

用纯化的草鱼生长激素单克隆抗体联剂ＣＮＢｒ活化的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ４Ｂ凝胶上制成约１０ｍｌ的亲和层析柱,用该柱一步纯化了重组鲤鱼生长激素基因的表达产物。偶联有１３．６５ｍｇ单克隆抗体的亲和柱一次强纯化得到约０．７ｍｇ重组鲤鱼生长激素。酶联免疫受体测定表明它具有强烈的生物学活性,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ表明它为一蛋白带,分子量约为２２０００。     

多肽抗体谱免疫印迹法检测ENA抗体的临床应用

本文报道应用多肽抗体谱印迹法检测风湿性疾病患者的ＥＮＡ抗体,该法一次可检测７种抗体。应用本法检测ＳＬＥ８５例,其Ｓｍ抗体阳性率为２０．０％,ｕ１－ＲＮＰ抗体为４１．１％,ＳＳ－Ａ抗体为１０．５％ＳＳ－Ｂ抗体为３．５％,抗核糖体为７．０％。检测ＤＬＥ６例,其山ｕ１－ＲＮＰ抗体阳性率为３３．０％。检测ＰＭ／ＤＭ１５例,其ｕ１－ＲＮＰ抗体阳性率为１３．０％,Ｊｏ－１抗体为１４．０％。检测ＲＡ４８例,其ｕ１－ＲＮＰ抗体的阳性率为３３．３％。检测ＳＳ２１例,其ＳＳ－Ａ抗体阳性率为４３．０％,ＳＳ－Ｂ抗体为３８．０％,检测ＰＳＳ９例,其Ｓｃｌ－７０抗体阳性率为２２．０％。检测ＭＣＴＤ１０例,其ｕ１－ＲＮＰ抗体阳性率为５０．０％。健康人对照１００例,７种抗体均为阴性。显示应用多肽抗体谱印迹法检测结果与国内其它方法所测得结果基本一致,但可检测的抗体种类多于其它方法。     

草鱼催乳素抗血清的制备与鉴定

应用从草鱼垂体中分离纯化的催乳素免疫兔子制备了特异抗血清。用常规酶联免疫吸附测定法检测表明该抗血清与马哈鱼生长激素及促性腺激素完全没有交叉反应，而与草鱼生长湟级向弱交叉反应。免疫细胞化学染色表明该抗血清主要与草鱼垂体前叶催乳素细胞发生结合反应，与垂体间叶细胞有微弱染色反应，但与神经垂体琢垂体后叶细胞则完全没有免疫结合反应。     

草鱼生长激素非竞争式酶联免疫吸附测定法的建立及鉴定

应用草鱼生长激素（ｇｃＧＨ）单克隆抗体及多价兔抗血清建立了草鱼ＧＨ非竞争式酶’联免疫吸附测定ＥＬＩＳＡ系统。用正辛酸法对腹水单抗进行了分离纯化,获得了高纯度的单抗制备物。聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳表明纯化的单抗由分子量分别为５５ｋＤ和２５ｋＤ的两条蛋白带组成。用纯化单抗铺底,用兔抗血清作后续抗体建立了一种测定草鱼ＧＨ的非竞争式双抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ方法。交叉试验表明该测定系统只与草鱼ＧＨ和基因重组鲤生长激素（ｒｃＧＨ）具有剂量依存的结合反应,而与大马哈鱼生长激素（ｓＧＨ）、牛生长激素（ｂＧＨ）、大马哈鱼促性腺激素（ｓＧｔＨ）、及黑鲢促性腺激素（ｂｓｃＧｔＨ）等均无交叉反应。该 ＥＬＩＳＡ方法的灵敏度可达０．８ｎｇ／ｍｌ,组内变异系数为 ５．９ ％,组间变异系数为７．６％,回收率达９０％以上。初步应用表明,鲤和团头鲂垂体抽提液、草鱼血清、鲤血清及鲫血清在该测定系统中有剂量依存的反应曲线,而大口鲶、黄颡鱼、中华鲟及黄鳝鱼垂体抽提液及大口鲶、胡子鲶和罗非鱼血清在该测定系统中没有交叉反应。     

人肠系膜淋巴结内树突细胞免疫细胞化学研究

本文用免疫细胞化学的方法检测了胎儿（胎龄２７～３８周）和成人肠系膜淋巴结内树突细胞的分布及对Ｓ－１００蛋白抗体和ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗体的反应。结果显示胎儿淋巴结内Ｓ－１００蛋白阳性树突细胞分布在外周区,中央区较少;这些细胞对ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗体亦呈阳性反应。成人淋巴结的树突细胞有两种,一种是位于初级和次级淋巴小结生发中心的小结树突细胞,另一种是位于小结间和副皮质区的交错突细胞。小结树突细胞与ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗体呈阴性反应,而交错突细胞则呈强阳性,提示这两种细胞不仅在分布上不同,而且对ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗体反应也不同。进一步证实了小结树突细胞和交错实细胞在细胞来源和免疫功能方面是不同的两种辅助性细胞。     

用对流电泳提纯兔出血症病毒

兔出血症病毒（ＲＨＤＶ）在ｐＨ８．６的琼脂糖凝胶上电泳,在负极侧有一血凝峰,免疫电镜观察有大硅ＲＨＤＶ颗粒,证实ＲＨＤＶ病毒粒子带正电荷。利用这一特性可用对流电泳提纯病毒。将抗体与病毒颗粒形成的沉淀带切下,作ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ,经免疫转印出现６条区带,其中６０ｋＤ的ＶＰ_１为主要结构多肽。用免疫复合物提取核酸,以狄高辛标记制成探针,能与病毒核酸和克隆的ＲＨＤＶｃＤＮＡ２．２ｋｂ片段和４．８ｋｂ片段杂交,探针灵敏度达ｐｇ水平。能用病毒核酸作模板制备探针,证实ＲＨＤＶ的核酸为ＤＮＡ。     

草鱼垂体催乳素的分离、纯化与鉴定的研究

 草鱼垂体催乳素的分离、纯化与鉴定的研究陈松林,邓文涛,陈细华,夏盛芹（中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所淡水鱼类种质资源与生物技术国家重点实验室,沙市４３４０００）催乳素（ＰＲＬ）是由动物脑垂体合成与分泌的一种多肽激素,其在鱼类的主要功能是调节鱼体渗透...     

Isolation and characterization of growth hormone from a marine fish, bonito (Katsuwonus pelamis)

Growth hormone (GH) was extracted under alkaline conditions (pH 10) from pituitary glands (6.3 g) of bonito (Katsuwonus pelamis), and subsequently purified by gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and reversed-phase HPLC. The GH was monitored by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and by immunoblotting with yellowtail GH antiserum at each step of purification. GH activity was determined by an in vivo bioassay. The yield of this hormone was 4.8 mg/g wet tissue. Intraperitoneal injection of bonito GH at doses of 0.1 and 1 micrograms/g body wt at 7-day intervals resulted in a significant increase in body weight and length of juvenile rainbow trout. Bonito GH antiserum exhibited both species and hormone specificity in radioimmunoassay. However, the bonito GH antiserum as well as yellowtail GH antiserum exhibited hormone specificity but not species specificity in immunoblotting. A molecular weight of 21,000 and an isoelectric point of 7.0 for bonito GH were estimated by SDS-PAGE and gel electrofocusing, respectively. The complete amino acid sequence of 185 residues was determined by sequencing fragment peptides prepared by chemical and enzymatic cleavages. Sequence comparison of bonito GH with other GHs revealed that there is a significant deletion in the middle of the molecule.     

Chemical identification of catfish growth hormone and prolactin.

Isolation and primary structure of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) from the pituitary gland of catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) are described. Alkaline extract of the pituitary glands was fractionated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on Octadecyl silica ODS. Catfish GH and PRL were identified by Western blotting with antisera against chum salmon GH and PRL. The catfish GH consists of 178 residues and is the most similar to carp GH, with sequence identity of 77%, although there is an uninterrupted deletion of 10 amino acid residues that corresponds to carp GH (90-99). The PRL is composed of 187 residues, which also exhibits the highest identity (79%) with carp PRL. Sequence identity between catfish GH and PRL is only 27%.     

Isolation and characterization of chum salmon growth hormone

Two molecular forms of salmon growth hormone (sGH), sGH I and II, have been isolated from the pituitary glands of the chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta); a two-step extraction procedure, under alkaline (pH 10) conditions, subsequent to acid-acetone extraction was employed for extraction of the sGHs. They were then purified by iso-electric precipitation at pH 5.6, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, and high-performance liquid chromatography on ODS. Intraperitoneal injection of sGH I and a combination of sGH I and II at doses of 0.01 microgram/g body wt at different intervals resulted in a significant increase in body weight and length of juvenile rainbow trout. The GH producing cells in the pituitary of mature chum salmon were identified in the proximal pars distalis immunocytochemically with a specific antiserum; no cross-reactivity was seen in the prolactin cells in the rostral pars distalis. A molecular weight of 22,000 was estimated for both sGHs by gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Isoelectric points, by gel electrofocusing, of 5.6 and 6.0 were estimated for sGH I and II, respectively, with differences present in the amino acid composition and the N-terminal residue, suggesting that they may be genetic variants coded on two separate genes. The partial amino acid sequences of sGH I at both terminal regions have been determined.     

Fish gonadotropin(s). II. Isolation of gonadotropin(s) from chum salmon pituitary glands using affinity chromatography.

A highly purified gonadotropic hormone preparation has been obtained from chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) pituitaries by extraction with ethanolic or aqueous buffer, affinity chromatography on Con A Sepharose and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 superfine. A purified fraction from Sephadex G-75 averaged 448 mug NIH-LH-S18/mg glycoprotein as measured by the uptake of radiophosphate into chick testes. A total of 1.1 g of salmon gonadotropin (s) (SG)/kg fresh tissue was recovered when the isolation began with an aqueous extraction. Analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (P.A.G.E.) of the purified fraction from Sephadex G-75 displayed a single broad zone in non-dissociating conditions and two bands in 8 M urea. Polyacrylamide gel electrofocusing yielded six sharp bands with an isoelectric point range of 4.38 to 5.05, and four bands with an isoelectric point range of 4.31 to 4.95 in 8 M urea. A molecular weight of 41,000 was determined by gel filtration. A subunit molecular weight of 17,800 +/- 10% was found by P.A.G.E. in 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), suggesting that native SG consists of two subunits. Purified preparations were highly stable in Tris-Cl buffers and retained their activity for several months when stored at -73 degrees C.     

大鳞大马哈鱼垂体生长激素的分离、纯化与鉴定

应用ConA-Sepharose 4B亲和层析、凝胶过滤及离子交换层析等技术从大鳞大马哈鱼(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)垂体中分离纯化了具有生物活性的生长激素(sGH)。用放射受体测定法(RRA)检测sGH组分的生物活性,结果表明纯化的8GH制品具有与兔肝细胞GH受体结合的生物活性。用放射免疫测定法(RIA)和酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)分别检测了另两种垂体激素-催乳激素(PRL)和促性腺激素(GTH)在纯化的sGH制品中的残留量均在0.5％以下。用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳SDS-PAGE评价sGH制品的电泳纯度并测定了其分子量为22000左右。等电聚焦电泳表明该种鱼GH由等电点分别为6.3和6.6的两种形式的分子组成。     

Miltpain, a cysteine proteinase, from milt of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus): purification and characterization

Miltpain (EC.3.4.22.-) is a cysteine proteinase that preferentially hydrolyzes basic proteins, previously found in the milt of chum salmon. Here we report a similar cysteine proteinase in the milt of the marine Pacific cod. The enzyme was isolated and purified 6900-fold and with an estimated mass of 63 kDa by gel filtration chromatography and 72 kDa by SDS/PAGE. Cod miltpain has an optimum pH of 6.0 for Z-Arg-Arg-MCA hydrolysis, and K_m of 11.5 μM and k_cat of 19.0 s⁻¹ with Z-Arg-Arg-MCA. It requires a thiol-inducing reagent for activation and is inhibited by E-64, iodoacetamide, CA-074, PCMB, NEM, TLCK, TPCK, ZPCK and o-phenanthroline. This proteinase strongly hydrolyzes basic proteins such as salmine, clupeine and histone, and exhibits unique substrate specificity toward paired basic residues such as Lys-Arg, Arg-Arg on the substrates of P2-P1. The isoelectric point is 5.2 by isoelectric focusing. N-Terminal sequencing gave a sequence of <EVPVEVVRXYVTSAPEK. The cysteine proteinase from Pacific cod very closely matches the previously reported miltpain from chum salmon.     

Purification and Properties of Clostridium botulinum Type F Toxin

Clostridium botulinum type F toxin of proteolytic Langeland strain was purified. Toxin in whole cultures was precipitated with (NH₄)₂SO₄. Extract of the precipitate was successively chromatographed on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose at pH 6.0, O-(carboxymethyl) cellulose at pH 4.9, Sephadex G-200 at pH 8.1, quaternary aminoethyl-Sephadex at pH 4.9, and finally diethylaminoethyl-cellulose at pH 8.1. The procedure recovered 14% of the toxin assayed in the starting culture. The toxin was homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, double gel diffusion serology, and isoelectric focusing. Purified toxin had a molecular weight of 150,000 by gel filtration and 155,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Specific toxicity was 9.6 × 10⁶ mean lethal doses per absorbancy (278 nm) unit. Sub-units of 105,000 and 56,000 molecular weight are found when purified toxin is treated with a disulfide reducing agent and electrophoresed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Reciprocal cross neutralizations were demonstrated when purified type F and E toxins were reacted with antitoxins which were obtained with immunizing toxoids prepared with purified toxins.     

Isolation and characterization of a lectin from peanut roots.

A glucose-specific lectin has been purified to apparent homogeneity from 7-day-old peanut (Arachis hypogaea) roots by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-50. The lectin has a 66 kDa native molecular mass and a 33 kDa subunit molecular mass as revealed by native and denaturing sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The purified lectin, gives a single precipitin line with the antiserum produced against 7-day-old root extract and shows 5 bands in the pH range of 4.4-5.4 in the isoelectric focusing gel. The glucose-specific lectin activity in the peanut roots appears from the fourth day onwards. Lipopolysaccharides isolated from the host specific Rhizobium strain are a 68-fold more potent inhibitor of the lectin as compared to glucose.     

Purification and characterization of UDP-glucuronate: baicalein 7-O-glucuronosyltransferase from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. cell suspension cultures

UDP-glucuronate: baicalein 7-O-glucuronosyltransferase (UBGAT) catalyzes the transfer of glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid to the 7-OH of baicalein. UBGAT was purified from cultured cells of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae). It was purified 95-fold using various chromatography and chromatofocusing procedures to apparent homogeneity. The Mr was estimated to be 110 kDa by gel filtration chromatography with a 52 kDa subunit by SDS-PAGE. The isoelectric point was pH 4.8. UBGAT was specific to UDP-glucuronic acid as a sugar donor and flavones with substitution ortho- to the 7-OH group such its baicalein (6-OH), scutellarein (6-OH) and wogonin (8-OMe).