中国丝瓜藓属直蒴组的分类学研究

采用经典分类学研究方法,对河北师范大学植物标本馆(HBNU)等国内多个标本馆保存的中国丝瓜藓属直蒴组(Pohlia Hedw.section Cacodon Lindb.ex Broth.)及其近缘类群植物标本共计130余号进行了分类学分析鉴定,并对所确定的中国产直蒴组物种的芽胞大小、形状及叶原基数量和长度等形态学特征进行比较分析,以期为中国丝瓜藓属直蒴组的分类学研究提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)经鉴定中国丝瓜藓属直蒴组植物共有8种——夭命丝瓜藓[Pohlia annotina(Hedw.)Lindb.]、糙枝丝瓜藓[P.camptotrachela(Ren.Card.)Broth.]、林地丝瓜藓[P.drummondii(Müll.Hal.)Andr.]、疣齿丝瓜藓[P.flexuosa Harv.]、纤毛丝瓜藓[P.hisae T.J.Kop.et J.X.Luo]、异芽丝瓜藓[P.leucostoma(BoschSande Lac.)M.Fleisch.]、念珠丝瓜藓[P.lutescens(Limpr.)H.Lindb.]和卵蒴丝瓜藓[P.proligera(Kindb.ex Breidl.)Lindb.ex Arnell]。(2)中国丝瓜藓属直蒴组植物的重要鉴别特征是在假根或叶腋处生有芽胞,而且芽胞形状以及叶原基形状和数量在直蒴组中存在差异,如念珠丝瓜藓具有假根生芽胞,而疣齿丝瓜藓具有两型芽胞。(3)对所鉴定的中国丝瓜藓属直蒴组8种植物的识别特征、生境及其与相近种的关系进行了详细描述,并绘制了形态特征墨线图。     

噬齿昂氏藓——中国昂氏藓科一新记录种

该文报道了采自西藏的中国昂氏藓科昂氏藓属一新记录植物——噬齿昂氏藓［Aongstroemia julacea (Hook.) Mitt.］,对该种的形态学特征进行了描述,拍摄了显微形态结构照片,并对其生境和地理分布以及与相似种的形态学比较进行了讨论,编制了中国昂氏藓属分种检索表。凭证标本存放于中国农业大学标本馆(BAU)。     

河南省丛藓科植物新纪录

报道河南省丛藓科植物新纪录4种2变种：尖叶对齿藓芒尖变种(Didymodon constrictus var. flexicuspis (Broth.) Saito),硬叶对齿藓原变种(Didymodon rigidulus var. rigidulus Hedw.),硬叶对齿藓细肋变种(Didymodon rigidulus var. icmadophyllus (Schimp. ex C. Muell.) Zand.),长肋对齿藓(Didymodon longicostata Li),橙色净口藓(Gymnostomum aurantiacum (Mitt.) Jaeg.),硬叶净口藓(Gymnostomum subrigidulum (Broth.) Chen),对这些植物的识别特征、生境和地理分布做了简要讨论,并绘制了形态解剖图。凭证标本存放于河北师范大学植物标本室(HBNU)。     

安徽产苔藓植物新记录种

本文报导了在安徽大别山发现的中国苔藓植物新记录7种,它们是镰萼苔(Har-panthus florowianus(Nee.)Nee.)、桑叶青藓(Brachythecium moriense Besch.)、苍白青藓(Brachythecium pallescens Dix.& Thér.)、缩叶长喙藓(Rhynchostegium contractum Card.)、狭叶长喙藓(Rhynchostegium fauriei Card.)短柄绢鱿(Entodon brevisetus(Hook.& Wils.Lindb.)和褐色平锦藓(Platygyrium ru-sulum(Mitt.)Jaeg.)。     

中国短月藓属植物一新记录种和真藓属一新记录变种

通过对采自贵州全省的700余份真藓科(Bryaceae)植物标本的整理和鉴定,发现其中的一标本为中 国短月藓属(Brachymenium)新记录种:黄肋短月藓(新拟名)(BrachymeniummacrocarpumCard.)和真藓属 (Bryum)一新记录变种:拟三列真藓短尖变种(新拟名)(Bryumpseudotriquetrum(Hedw.)Gaerth.var.ela tumNog.)。     

河北省凤尾藓属植物的初步研究

报道了河北省产凤尾藓属（Fissidens Hedw.)植物7种,其中,直叶凤尾藓（F.strictu-lus C.Muell.)、二形凤尾葡（F.geminiflorus Doz.et Molk.)、尖肋凤尾藓（F.becketii Mitt.)、卷叶凤尾藓（Fissidens dubius P.Beauv.)、透明凤尾藓（F.hyalinus Hook.et Wils.l)和裸萼凤尾藓（F.gymnogymus Besch.)6种为河北省藓类新记录种,文中对它们的生境、识别特征和地理分布特点作了初步的讨论。并给出了河北省凤尾藓属植物的分种检索表。     

秦岭十四种藓类植物的染色体观察

本文以藓类植物的幼嫩孢蒴为材料,对秦岭地区14种藓类植物的染色体作了观察,并对其中的长尖提灯藓进行了核型分析。结果如下：细叶真藓Bryum capillare L.ex Hedw．n＝10;长尖提灯藓Mnium lycopodioides Schwaegr．n＝6,核型公式为n＝6＝3m+3sm(1SAT)侧枝匍灯藓Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb．)T．Kop．n＝6;梨蒴珠藓皱叶变种Bartramia pomiformis var．elongata Turn. n=10+2m;细枝羽藓Thuidium delicatulum (Hedw.) Mitt. n=11;尖叶羽藓Thuidium philibortii Limpr. n=10+1m;褐黄水灰藓Hygrohypnum ochraceum (Wils.) Loesk. n=10;钩枝镰刀藓Drepanocladus uncinatus (Hedw.) Warnst. n=7+3m; 黄叶细湿藓Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.) J. Lange. n=10;林地青藓Brachythecium starkei (Brid.) B. S. G. n=16;多褶青藓 Brachythecium buchananii (Hook.) Jaeg. n=6;扁枝小锦藓Brotherella yokohamae (Broth.) Broth. n=9+2m; 粗枝藓Gollania neckerella (C. Mull.) Broth. n=7; 暖地金发藓, Pogonatum fastigiatum Mitt. n=7;其中粗枝藓和扁枝小锦藓的染色体数尚未见报道;林地青藓和多褶青藓的染色体数与所见报道的结果不同：其余10种与前人报道的结果一致。     

中国青藓科植物分类学修订(Ⅱ):燕尾藓属

基于燕尾藓属(Bryhnia Kaurin)被处理为狭义青藓属(Brachythecium Schimp.s.str.)的异名,燕尾藓属已不复存在。笔者对原分布于中国的5种燕尾藓属植物进行了相应的分类学修订,结果如下:短尖燕尾藓(B.hultenii E.B.Bartram)、燕尾藓[B.novae-angliae(Sull.Lesq.)Grout]和毛尖燕尾藓(B.trichomitria DixonThér.)被移入狭义青藓属并处理为短尖青藓[Brachythecium hultenii(E.B.Bartram)Min LiY.F.Wang]、燕尾青藓[B.novae-angliae(Sull.Lesq.)A.Jaeger]和东亚青藓[B.trichomitrium(DixonThér.)Huttunen,Ignatov,Min LiY.F.Wang];短枝燕尾藓(B.brachycladula Cardot)被移入鼠尾藓属(Myuroclada Besch.),并处理为羽枝鼠尾藓[M.longiramea(Müll.Hal.)Min Li,Y.F.Wang,IgnatovHuttunen]的异名;密枝燕尾藓[B.serricuspis(Müll Hal.)Y.F.WangR.L.Hu]移入拟异叶藓属(Pseudokindbergia Min Li,Y.F.Wang,IgnatovB.C.Tan),并处理为拟异叶藓[P.dumosa(Mitt.)Min Li,Y.F.Wang,IgnatovB.C.Tan]的异名。     

柳叶藓科2个中国新记录种

本文报道柳叶藓科在中国的2个新记录种:叉肋湿原藓(新拟名)[Calliergon richardsonii (Mitt.) Kindb.]和极地水灰藓(新拟名)[Hygrohypnum polare (Lindb.) Loeske],并提供了详细形态图和特征描述,对其与相近种的区别与联系进行了讨论.     

中国东北六种藓类植物的细胞学观察

本文对我国东北产6种藓类的孢子母细胞减数分裂中期I的染色体数进行了报道。结果如下： 羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum （Hedw．)B．S．G．,n=15;钝叶绢藓Entodon obtusatus(Mitt) Jaeg．,n=11;东亚绢藓E．okamurae Mitt,n=11;丛本藓Anoctangium aestivum(Hedw．)Mitt．, n＝13;真藓Bryum argenteum Hedw．,n=10;尖叶美喙藓Eurhynchium eustegium(Besch．)Dix.,n=20+2m,其中前三种为首次报道。     

见于浙江的中国及中国大陆新记录植物

报道了笔者于１９９０年至１９９２年间在浙江海岛（大陆岛）植被资源调查工作中发现的９个地理分布新记录,其中４种为中国分布新记录,３种及２亚种为中国大陆分布新记录。此外,还报道了同时发现的归化植物４种,其中３种为中国分布新记录,１种为中国大陆分布新记录。     

中国黄斑蜂族九新种记述(蜜蜂总科,切叶蜂科,黄斑蜂族)

记述中国黄斑蜂族3属9新种.新种是:圆斑伟黄斑蜂Bathanthidum(s.str.)circinatum,峨眉伟黄斑蜂Bathanthidium(s.str.)emeiense,叉黄斑蜂Anthidium (s.str.)furcatum,双色黄斑蜂Anthidium(s.str.)bicolor,纹黄斑蜂Anthidum(s.str.)striatum,莫干山黄斑蜂An-thidium(s.str.)moganshanensis,向日葵黄斑蜂Anthidium(Proanthidium)helianthinum,皇冠准黄斑蜂Trachusa (Paraanthidium)coronum,角足准黄斑蜂Trachusa(Paraanthidium)cornopes.模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所.     

Two species and one variety of the Amblystegiaceae (Musci) new to China

During our recent study of the Chinese Amblystegiaceae, we found that Calliergon megalophyllum Mikut., Drepanocladus trichophyllus (Warnst.) Podp. and Cratoneuron filicinum (Hedw.) Spruce var. atro-virens (Brid.) Ochyra are new to China. The occurrance of Hygroumblystegium noterophilum (Sull. et Lesq. ) Warnst. in China as previously recorded represents only a misidentification. All the Chinese specimens referred to this species should be identified as Crato-neuron filicinum (Hedw.) Spruce var. atro-virens (Brid.) Ochyra.     

中国的球盖菇科(一)鳞伞属

通过对中科院微生物研究所真菌与地衣开放实验室标本馆(HMAS)、昆明植物研究所隐花植物标本馆(HKAS)、广东微生物研究所标本馆(HMIGD)和吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)的443份标本的宏观形态和微观结构的观察,报道了中国鳞伞属真菌31种和2变种,其中包括1新变种,即白小圈齿鳞伞凸顶变种[Pholiota albocrenulata(Pk.)Sacc.var.conicaTolgor];1中国新记录种,即黄褶鳞伞[Pholiota luteofolia(Pk.)Sacc.]和10省级新记录种,即多脂鳞伞[Pholiota adiposa(Fr.)Kumm.](广东)、白小圈齿鳞伞[Pholiota albocrenulata(Pk.)Sacc.](黑龙江)、少鳞黄鳞伞[Pholiota alnicola(Fr.)Sing.](黑龙江)、黄褐鳞伞[Pholiota fulvella(Pk.)Smithet Hesl.](内蒙古)、地生鳞伞[Pholiota highlandensis(Pk.)Smith et Hesl.](云南)、黏皮鳞伞[Pholiota lubrica(Fr.)Sing.](四川)、毛腿鳞伞[Pholiota mutabilis(Fr.)Kumm.](四川)、多脂翘鳞伞(Pholiota squarroso-adiposaLange)(黑龙江)、亚苦鳞伞[Pholiota subamaraSmith et Hesl.)(广东)、地毛柄鳞伞[Pholiota terrigena(Fr.)Karst.](内蒙古)。对每个种进行了详尽的形态学描述并提供显微线条图,编写了中国鳞伞属分亚属和分种检索表。将库恩菇属(KuehneromycesSing.et Smith)和火菇属[Flammula(Fr.)Kumm.]并入鳞伞属中。将Gymnopilus luteofolius(Pk.)Sing.和刺毛暗皮伞[Phaeomarasmius erinaceellus(Pk.)Sing.]放入鳞伞属中进行讨论;认为应将金毛鳞伞[Pholiotaaurivella(Fr.)Kumm.]、多脂翘鳞伞和地毛柄鳞伞作为独立的种处理;将Pholiota malicola(Kauff.)Smith作为Pholiota alnicola(Fr.)Sing.的同物异名;将皱盖鳞伞[Pholiota rugosa(Pk.)sing.]划入微鳞伞属(PholiotinaFayod)属中。并讨论了鳞伞属与相关的属之间形态学差异,列出了存疑种的名录。     

中国柱麦蛾属分类学研究：鳞翅目：麦蛾科

本文记述中国柱麦蛾属Ａｔｈｒｉｐｓ Ｂｉｌｌｂｅｒｇ５种：无突柱麦蛾Ａ;ａｇｎａｔｈｏｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,双膨柱麦蛾Ａ;ｂｉｄｉｌａｔａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．厚瓣柱麦蛾Ａ．ｃｒａｓｓｉｖａｑｌｖａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,七点柱麦蛾Ａ．ｓｅｐｔｅｍｐｕｎｃｔａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和柴达木柱麦蛾Ａ．ｓａｉｄａｍｉｃａ Ｅｍｅｌｙａｎｏｖ ｅｔ Ｐｉｓｋｕｎｏｖ,１９８２。     

柳叶藓科2种1变种在中国的新记录

笔者在编研(中国苔藓志》第七卷的过程中,发现柳叶藓科中的圆叶湿原藓Calliergon megalophyl- lum Mikut．、毛叶镰刀藓 Drepanocladus trichophyllus (Warnst．)Podp．和牛角藓宽肋变种Cratoneuron filicinum (Hedw．)Spruce var．atro-virens (Brid．)Ochyra为中国首次记录,而沼生湿柳藓 Hygroamblystegium noterophi-lum (Sull．et Lesq．)Warnst．属错误鉴定,所有以前被定为该种的中国标本应改为牛角藓宽肋变种。     

STUDY ON XORIDES (MOEROPHORA) (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEU-MONIDAE) FROM NORTHEASTERN CHINA

Abstract  Two species of Xorides ( Moerophora ) collected in the northeastern part of China, in which one is new to science, namely Xorides ( Moerophora ) tuqiangensis Sheng sp. nov., and one, X . ( M .) jakovlevi (Kokujev) 1903, is a Chinese new record, are reported. A key is provided to distinguish the Chinese species of this subgenus.     

On the Classification of Ixeris Group (Compositae) from China

Ixeris Cass., strinctly speaking, is confined to plants which have achenes with sharply winged ribs. Ixeridium (A. Gray ) Tzvel. contains plants which have persistent radical leaves at anthesis and achenes with obtuse ribs and a fine rostrum at its apex. Paraixeris Nakai is restricted to plants which are of the same achenes as in the genus Ixeridium (A. Gray) Tzvel., but rostra of achenes are robust and radical leaves deciduous in flowering in the former. The Chorisis DC., a monotypic genus, is characterized by ternate palatisect leaves. In the light of the above mentioned understanding of these genera, the author thinks that the division of Chinese Ixeris group, a comparatively complex one, into four genera would be more reasonable than merging them into one genus, namely, Ixeris Cass. Based on the examination of specimens in the Herbarium of the Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica (PE), the author found that there are four species in the genus Ixeris Cass., including one new combination in China. They are I. polycephala Cass., I. dissecta (Makino) Shih, I. japonica (Burm. f. ) Nakai and I. stolonifera A. Gray. The genus Ixeridium (A. Gray ) Tzvel. has 13 species, including five new combinations and three new species in China, namely, I. sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Shih, I. gramineum (Ledb.) Tzvel., I. yunnarense Shih,I. graminifolium(Ledb.)Tzvel.,I, biparum Shih,I.aculeolatum Shih,I. chinense( Thunb. ) Tzvel., I. strigosum( Fisch. ) Tzvel., I. elegans( Franeh. ) Shih, I. sonchifolium (Maxim.)Shih,I. laevigatum (BI.)Shih,I. dentatum(Thunb. )Nakai and I. gracile(DC.)Shih, in China. There are six species in the genus Paraixeris Nakai, including One new combination, namely, P. denticulata(Houtt.) Nakai, P. humifusa(Dunn) Shih, P. cheldonifolia( Makino) Nakai, P. saxatilis( Baran. ) Tzvel., P.pinnatipartita (Makino)Tzvel. and P.serotina(Maxim.)Tzvel.in China.