头颈部木村病的CT、MRI影像学表现

目的:探讨头颈部木村病的CT、MRI的影像学表现。方法:对6例经手术或活检病理证实的头颈部木村病的CT及MRI影像学表现进行回顾性分析。结果:本组6例以中青年男性患者多见,病灶位于耳周2例、颊面部1例、颌下区1例,腮腺区1例、头皮下1例,均表现为无痛性肿块。3例CT表现为单侧或双侧、单发或多发等或略高密度软组织肿块,密度均或不均,边缘清楚或局部欠清,伴邻近皮下组织受累;增强扫描病灶表现为不同程度强化。3例MRI表现为对比邻近肌肉信号,病灶在T1WI上为等、稍高信号,在T2WI上为高信号,大部分病灶中等至明显强化。本组6例病变均伴有周围多发淋巴结肿大及实验室检查外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多,可伴病侧局部皮下脂肪层萎缩。结论:头颈部木村病的CT、MRI影像表现有一定特征性,结合临床病史及实验室检查,可提高木村病的诊断准确率。     

鼻腔鼻窦淋巴瘤相关因素及临床特征研究

目的：探讨早期鼻腔鼻窦淋巴瘤（NHL）相关因素及临床特征。方法：对经我院病理确诊为鼻腔鼻窦NHL的患者及来自同期收治的慢性鼻．鼻窦炎病例各28例,进行回顾性对照研究。统计分析应用SPSS17．0统计软件进行。结果：28例鼻腔鼻窦NHL中,NKfr细胞淋巴瘤18例,外周T细胞淋巴瘤7例,B细胞淋巴瘤3例。统计分析显示,对药物（麻黄素、肾上腺素）收缩反应差OR28．140（1．995．396．972）、发热OR99．366（0．752—13130．619）、粘膜不光滑OR34．665（1．464—820．575）、下鼻甲质地硬oR25．797（1．395-447．001）是鼻腔鼻窦NHL的高危指标。结论：对药物（麻黄素、肾上腺素）收缩反应差、发热、粘膜不光滑、下鼻甲质地硬是早期鼻腔鼻窦淋巴瘤的强危险信号和重要的诊断线索。     

7例乳头状肾癌的动态增强CT表现并文献复习

目的:总结乳头状肾细胞癌(papillary renal cell carcinoma,PRCC)的动态增强CT表现,并对乳头状肾细胞癌的临床特点和鉴别诊断进行文献复习.方法:回顾性分析7例经病理证实的乳头状肾细胞癌的临床、手术及CT资料.结果:7例均为单发肿块,位于右肾5例,位于左肾2例,CT平扫表现为境界清楚或欠清楚的圆形或椭圆形结节或肿块,病变直径0.8 cm～3.5 cm,平均1.8cm,瘤体小时(≤ 3 cm)密度较均匀,无囊变和坏死;瘤体较大时(≥3 cm)常出现坏死、囊变.肿瘤强化程度较低,皮髓质期至实质期渐进性轻度增强,排泄期密度略降低.结论:乳头状肾细胞癌的CT表现有一定特征,多呈渐进性轻度强化,与其它类型肾癌不同,可为临床决定手术方式提供依据.     

细胞蜡块诊断淋巴瘤18例

目的探讨18例浆膜腔积液中细胞学诊断淋巴瘤的临床病理学特征、免疫表型、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后。方法收集武汉大学人民医院2016年1月—2018年12月间由浆膜腔积液诊断为淋巴瘤患者18例,通过常规液基涂片、制作细胞蜡块、HE染色及免疫细胞化学染色,个别病例采用基因重排检测或流式细胞学检查,并部分对照其细胞学诊断和活检组织病理诊断的符合率。结果 18例均行免疫细胞化学检测,结果均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤。其中无淋巴瘤病史的有12例:包括4例弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤;1例淋巴浆细胞样淋巴瘤;1例浆细胞瘤;2例T淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤;1例NK/T细胞淋巴瘤;1例外周T细胞淋巴瘤,非特殊类型;2例T细胞淋巴瘤。其余6例均有淋巴瘤病史,其中4例为弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤,2例为血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤。结论浆膜腔积液是淋巴瘤的较常见并发症,细胞病理学诊断淋巴瘤难度虽相对较大,但通过制备细胞蜡块,在镜下观察肿瘤细胞成分单一,表现为大量散在分布的不成熟淋巴样细胞,细胞之间无黏附性,同时结合免疫细胞化学染色等相关检测方法,可明确诊断,值得推广。     

鼻NK／T细胞淋巴瘤间质清道夫受体A的表达及意义

目的 观察清道夫受体A（scavenger receprorA,SR-A）在鼻NK／T细胞淋巴瘤间质中的表达,探讨其意义。方法 对鼻NK／T细胞淋巴瘤,鼻B细胞淋巴瘤以及鼻部炎症的石蜡标本进行HE染色和SP免疫组织化学染色检测SR-A的表达。结果 SR-A蛋白在鼻NK／T细胞淋巴瘤,鼻B细胞淋巴瘤和鼻部炎症中阳性率分别为92．7％,29．2％和6．25%。统计学分析发现,鼻NK／T细胞淋巴瘤中SR-A的表达与B细胞淋巴瘤和炎症中SR-A的表达均有显著差异（P〈0．001）。结论 SR-A可能在鼻NK／T细胞淋巴瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断中有一定的参考价值。     

7例肺类癌的CT影像报道及文献复习

目的:分析肺类癌的CT影像表现,结合文献复习以提高对该病的认识。方法:回顾性分析7例经病理证实的肺类癌的CT表现,其中3例行胸部CT平扫检查,4例行胸部CT平扫及增强扫描。结果:7例患者中有6例为典型类癌,1例为非典型类癌。6例典型类癌中:1例为微瘤型类癌,表现为右侧肺门旁支气管扩张、结石及条片状影;1例为硬化性血管瘤合并类癌,表现为右侧肺门旁肿块,边缘较光整,伴晕征;2例为右侧肺门旁肿块,边缘光整,明显强化,伴有邻近支气管扩张或支气管粘液嵌塞、远端伴阻塞性肺不张或肺炎改变;2例表现为肺内孤立小结节,边缘光整,无强化。1例非典型类癌表现为不均匀强化的右肺门旁肿块,伴右肺门、纵隔淋巴结转移。结论:肺类癌的CT影像表现多样,典型病例的CT表现具有一定的特征性。     

一例皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤的报告

目的分析皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤的临床表现及病理组织学特征,探讨其诊断和治疗方法,提高临床医生对该病的认识。方法对1例面部和下肢浮肿及全身多发硬结1月余,发热1周的患者临床表现的演变、确诊时的组织病理学特点、免疫组织化学结果等多方面进行观察。结果皮肤活检发现组织学病变主要局限于皮下脂肪间质内见核深染的异型细胞弥漫分布或环绕脂肪细胞分布。免疫组化示CD3+,CD8+,CD68+,TiA-1+,G-B+,CD20-,CD7-,TDT-,提示为T细胞来源。治疗(环磷酰胺+长春新碱+表阿霉素)1疗程患者自动出院回家。结论皮下脂膜炎样T细胞淋巴瘤是一种特殊类型的原发性皮肤淋巴瘤,对不明原因的全身皮肤多发硬结伴发热的患者应该考虑该病的可能。病损处皮肤活检是确诊该病的主要手段。治疗常用联合化疗,如CHOP方案。本病预后较差。     

Notch 1 在外周T 细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及基因突变 及其与临床生存期的相关性研究

目的:检测活化型notch1(NICD)蛋白在外周T细胞淋巴瘤组织中的表达情况,探讨活化型notch1对外周T细胞淋巴瘤患者生存时间的影响,分析其与NOTCH1基因突变之间的关系。方法:免疫组织化学法检测20例外周T细胞淋巴瘤(13例PTCLNOS、7例ALCL)及5例反应性增生患者病变组织活化型notch 1(NICD)抗体的表达,PCR-SSCP及基因测序法分析NOTCH1基因HD-N、HD-C、TAD、PEST片段的突变情况。结果:20例外周T细胞淋巴瘤NICD蛋白均为阳性,5例慢性淋巴结炎均为阴性,其中PTCL NOS组织较ALCL高表达NICD蛋白。淋巴瘤患者HD-N、HD-C、PEST片段存在基因点突变。结论:NOTCH1基因点突变可能为异常表达NICD的原因之一,异常表达的NICD影响外周T细胞淋巴瘤的生存时间。     

TCR基因重排在T淋巴细胞浸润亲表皮疾病中的应用

目的:探讨具有亲表皮现象的疾病T细胞受体γ链基因重排的情况.方法:用免疫组化标记筛选17例T细胞淋巴瘤、30例可疑为T细胞淋巴瘤和10例副银屑病,采用聚合酶链式反应扩增方法检测T细胞受体γ链基因重排.结果:17例T细胞淋巴瘤中12例出现T细胞受体γ链基因重排,30例可疑为T细胞淋巴瘤和10例副银屑病均无T细胞受体γ链基因重排.结论:T细胞受体γ链基因重排检测是区分T淋巴细胞浸润的亲表皮疾病鉴别诊断的有效方法,且对T细胞淋巴瘤的确诊有重要参考价值与显著意义.     

23例鼻腔鼻旁窦恶性黑色素瘤临床病理分析

目的研究鼻腔鼻旁窦恶性黑色素瘤的临床及病理特征。方法采用免疫组化SP方法对23例鼻腔鼻旁窦恶性黑色素瘤的临床及病理进行分析。结果23例鼻腔鼻旁窦恶性黑色素瘤中,男性15例（65．2％）,女性8例（34．8％）;最大年龄80岁,最小年龄45岁,平均年龄57岁;位于鼻腔19例（82．6％）,鼻旁窦4例（17．4％）,临床表现全部为鼻肿物;病理组织学类型,小圆细胞型12例（52．2％）,上皮样细胞型8例（34．8％）,梭形细胞型2例（8．7％）,多形性细型胞1例（4．3％）;含有黑色素13例（56．5％）,无黑色素10例（43．5％）;免疫组化染色,Vimentin,23例全部呈阳性反应,阳性率为100％,S—100和HMB45呈阳性反应的部为21例;阳性率都为91．3％,MelanA 19例呈阳性反应,阳性率占82．6％。结论23例鼻腔鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤,临床主要表现为鼻肿物,发病部位大多数在鼻腔,联合应用S-100,HMB45和Melan A弥漫阳性在与其组织学相似的肿瘤鉴别中是诊断鼻腔鼻窦恶性黑色素瘤的重要标准。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.