试验感染水牛体内枯氏住肉孢子虫内生发育的超微结构

通过人工感染试验在电镜下对一种住肉孢子虫在水牛体内的发育进行了研究。结果揭示在血管内皮细胞中的裂殖生殖和在肌细胞内的包囊发育过程与枯氏住肉孢子虫的一致,裂殖体、裂殖子、包囊壁和囊内母细胞、缓殖子的超微结构亦与枯氏住肉孢子虫的相同。首次通过试验感染的发育史研究证明,流行于我国湖南水牛的一种小包囊属于枯氏住肉孢子虫,水牛是黄牛枯氏住肉孢子虫的新宿主。     

寄生于华南水牛(Bubalus bubalis)的梭形住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis fusiformis)

通过对在华南水牛(Bubalus bubalis)食道肌形成大型包囊(Macroscopic sarcocyst)的一种住肉孢子虫作感染试验、超微结构等方面的研究,并与国外有关报道作对比,证实该原虫即梭形住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis fusiformis)。     

水牛和黄牛肉孢子虫包囊超微结构研究

左仰贤(1988)曾报道一种寄生于水牛的肉孢子虫未定种(Sarcocystis sp.)包囊,其光学形态和梭形肉孢子虫(S.fusiformis)、莱氏肉孢子虫(S.levinei)、枯氏肉孢子虫(S.cruzi)、毛肉孢子虫(S.hirsuta)的包囊均不同。本文用扫描和透射电镜对这五种肉孢子虫包囊的超微结构进行观察。 材料和方法 将包囊分别用0.85％生理盐水清洗,然后用2.5％戊二醛固定,(1)经脱水、干燥、喷金,用 Jsm 3.5 型扫描电镜观察;(2)用 0.1mol/L、pH7.2 磷酸盐缓冲液洗两次,1％ 锇酸固定,经脱     

枯氏住肉孢子虫在黄牛与水牛之间的交叉感染研究

试验选用7日龄黑白花奶牛4头和4—5月龄水牛4头。用从犬获得的水牛源孢子囊人工感染2头奶牛和2头水牛,用黄牛源孢子囊人工感染1头水牛,2头奶牛和1头水牛不感染留作对照。在试验期间,1头感染奶牛和1头对照奶牛因急性肠炎死亡,2头感染水牛因急性住肉孢子虫病死亡,从感染奶牛和感染水牛的内脏器官查出裂殖体。1头感染奶牛、1头感染水牛和2头对照牛在第98—115天剖检,从感染水牛源孢子囊的1头奶牛和感染黄牛源孢子囊的1头水牛肌肉查出大量包囊,1头对照奶牛和1头对照水牛均未查出任何虫体。对奶牛和水牛肌肉包囊超薄切片的电镜观察显示,所有包囊的超微结构均与文献对枯氏住肉孢子虫的报道一致。这一试验性研究证明:水牛与黄牛同是枯氏住肉孢于虫的中间宿主。     

寄生于褐家鼠的肉孢子虫一新种(孢子纲,真球虫目)

描记于云南省安宁市褐家鼠Rattus norvegicus肌肉内检获肉孢子虫1新种:左氏肉孢子虫Sarcocystis zuoisp.nov..新种肌肉内的包囊乳白色,呈梭形,大小为1 058μm×117μm.包囊壁具有长指状突起,突起大小为10.0μm×2.5μm.透射电镜下,包囊壁突起在基部高度分枝,突起通过分枝的基部相互连接在一起.     

塔里木马鹿自然感染住肉孢子虫病的病理学观察

对一例自然感染住肉孢子虫的塔里木马鹿进行病理组织学观察。采集濒死期的塔里木马鹿心、肝、脾、肺、肾、骨骼肌、淋巴结、胃、肠等脏器,10% 福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋,切片、H.E 染色,作病理组织学观察。结果表明:各组织瘀血、出血,均有炎性细胞浸润,尤以嗜酸性粒细胞多见。在骨骼肌组织中观察到了住肉孢子虫包囊,在肾小球入球小动脉内皮细胞中有裂殖子存在,其余各组织未见不同发育阶段的虫体。     

羚牛住肉孢子虫在中国首次发现

以羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor)作为住肉孢子虫Sarcocystis的中间宿主,至今国内外尚无报道。1989年4月,在成都市动物园自然死亡的一头羚牛的食道和舌肌上发现有大量形似纺锤形肉孢子虫Sarcocystis fusiformis(同种异名有S.blanchardi,S.siamensis,S.bubali,Balbiania fusiformis)寄生。现将其外观形态和组织切片(H.E染色)的显微观察记述如下:寄生于羚牛的住肉孢子虫(包囊)位于肌原纤维间,其长轴方向与肌纤维方向一致。外观为乳白色的纺锤形或长椭圆形,大小为4.7×2.25(3.0—6.5×1.5—3.0)mm。囊壁由两层构成,外壁厚呈海绵样,H·E染色为粉…     

黄牛肉孢子虫对犬和猫的感染试验

将感染肉孢子虫的牛肉喂给4条犬和4只猫,分别于9—11天和8—9天从粪中检出孢子囊,其感染分别持续28—37天和28—34天。对照犬猫粪中一直未查出孢子囊。感染犬猫粪中的孢子囊均为椭圆形,无色,内有4个子孢子和不规则颗粒性残体,其大小分别为15.44×10.09μm和12.12×7.68μm。用感染犬粪中的新鲜孢子囊接种另2条健犬,粪检未见孢子囊。对感染清除后的2条犬再次接种包囊,发生了与初次接种类似的感染过程。结果表明,感染东北黄牛的肉孢子虫至少2种,牛犬肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis bovicanis)和牛猫肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis bovifelis)。     

寄生在田鼠身上的一种鼠肉孢子虫

1956年中德合作生物调查团在华北和东北地区蒐集了大批标本,我从皮晓基博士所得到一只马氏田鼠(Microtus maximowicz(?))的身上,发现一种寄生的鼠肉孢子虫。 依据参考文献,约计有50种的肉孢子虫寄生在各种各样的寄主身上。寄主的数量以反刍兽类占第一位,此外还有有袋兽类、爬行类、鸟类、啮齿兽类、猿猴类和人类。     

微孢子虫致病与传播及其对昆虫免疫繁殖作用的研究进展

微孢子虫Microsporidia是专性细胞内寄生的原生动物,是一种很有应用潜力的微生物杀虫剂。大部分微孢子虫能寄生于昆虫,侵染寄主的中肠、马氏管、脂肪体、卵巢甚至神经,从而影响昆虫的免疫健康和生殖健康,引起昆虫的流行病。本文简要概述了微孢子虫的致病机理、传播方式,介绍了微孢子虫影响昆虫生殖和免疫健康等方面的研究进展,以期为应用微孢子虫控制害虫提供参考。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).